Cross-Lagged Associations of Insecure Attachment Style, Alcohol Use, and Sexual Behavior During Emerging Adulthood.

Insecure romantic attachment style has been associated with greater substance use and higher risk sexual behavior, but the temporal nature of these associations is not well-understood. This study examined whether having a more insecure attachment style was associated with greater engagement in higher-risk sexual behavior over time and, if so, whether this was mediated by more frequent alcohol use. We used three annual waves of survey data from a diverse California cohort (N = 2371) who were assessed from ages 19 to 21-22 years.

Mediators for the Effect of Compassion Cultivating Training: A Longitudinal Path Analysis in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Caregivers of People With Mental Illness.

There is a paucity of research on mediators of change, within compassion training programs. The aim was to investigate the mediators, of an 8-week compassion cultivation training (CCT) program, on the effect of psychological distress on caregivers of people with a mental illness. Longitudinal path models in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).

The Effects of a Mindfulness Program on Mental Health in Students at an Undergraduate Program for Teacher Education: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Real-Life.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of a mindfulness program including Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on the mental health of student teachers when offered at their educational institution in a real-life context. A parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among self-selected student teachers at a Danish undergraduate program for teacher education in the autumns of 2019 and 2020. Participation was not recommended in case of (1) clinical depression or a diagnosis of psychosis or schizophrenia, (2) abuse of alcohol, drugs, and/or medicine.

Multiple Minority Stress and Behavioral Health Among Young Black and Latino Sexual Minority Men.

Young Black and Latino sexual minority men may experience multiple minority stressors, which may negatively impact behavioral health. To investigate this, longitudinal associations between multiple minority stressors and behavioral health outcomes were examined over a 2-year period. Data were from the Healthy Young Men's Cohort Study.

Mindful eating for overweight and obese women in Brazil: An exploratory mixed-methods pilot study.

Worldwide, approximately 95% of obese people who follow diets for weight loss fail to maintain their weight loss in the long term. To fill this gap, mindfulness-based interventions, with a focus on mindful eating, are promising therapies to address this challenging public health issue. To verify the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training (MB-EAT) protocol by exploring quantitative and qualitative data collected from Brazilian women.

Late Adolescent Predictors of Homelessness and Food Insecurity During Emerging Adulthood.

Purpose: Economic instability is a significant and growing problem among emerging adults in the U.S. This study identifies adolescent factors across multiple levels of influence that predict homelessness and food insecurity 5 years later.

Insulin Resistance Is Associated with Multiple Chemical Sensitivity in a Danish Population-Based Study-DanFunD.

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a multisystem syndrome, and limited knowledge of its pathophysiology exists. Based on the population-based Danish cohort , this study investigated metabolic health in people with MCS compared to individuals who did not have MCS. From 9656 cohort participants aged 18-76 years old, 1.

Decentering, Acceptance, and Non-Attachment: Challenging the Question "Is It Me?".

Among mindfulness measures the three constructs acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment are psychometrically closely related, despite their apparent semantic differences. These three facets present robust psychometric features and can be considered core themes in most "third wave" clinical models. The aim of the present study was to explore the apparently different content domains (acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment) by administering various psychometric scales in a large sample of 608 volunteers.

Mental health symptoms among American veterans during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

We examined the symptom trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among 1,230 American veterans assessed online one month prior to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States (February 2020) through the next year (August 2020, November 2020, February 2021). Veterans slightly increased mental health symptoms over time and those with pre-pandemic alcohol and cannabis use disorders reported greater symptoms compared to those without. Women and racial/ethnic minority veterans reported greater symptoms pre-pandemic but less steep increases over time compared to men and white veterans.

Mindfulness meditation training effects on quality of life, immune function and glutathione metabolism in service healthy female teachers: A randomized pilot clinical trial.

Background: Despite the crucial role of educators in encourage students' academic learning, addressing educator stress inside the classroom remains a significant challenge in the educational context. Mindfulness Meditation training (MM) has been recommended as an environmental enrichment strategy in schools to help teachers cope with stress and cultivating a state of awareness in daily life. Although studies have shown that MM can improve immune system dynamics the biological mechanism underlying glutathione metabolism in a healthy human is unclear.

Enhancing Mindfulness and Well-Being in Higher Education.

This article outlines the steps taken to establish the University of Wisconsin-Superior's Pruitt Center for Mindfulness and Well-Being. Major historical components include: gaining momentum; securing funding; developing mission and vision statements; launching the Pruitt Center; and recounting the services, programs, and impacts achieved to date. Through outlining experiences and lessons learned, others in higher education looking to enhance the well-being of their campus communities could benefit, regardless of whether creating a center is their goal.

A Telephone-Adapted Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program: Preliminary Effects among Healthcare Employees.

Healthcare employees often experience high stress and may benefit from accessible psychosocial interventions. In this pilot study, we explored preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and psychological effects of a telephone-based adaption of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for healthcare employees. Eleven participants (M age = 49.

Interplay between self-compassion and affect during Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Living for recurrent depression: An Autoregressive Latent Trajectory analysis.

Background: The current study aimed to investigate the possible interplay between self-compassion and affect during Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Living (MBCL) in recurrently depressed individuals.

Methods: Data was used from a subsample of a parallel-group randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of MBCL in recurrently depressed adults (n = 104). Self-reports of self-compassion and positive/negative affect were obtained at the start of each of the eight MBCL sessions.

American Veterans in the Era of COVID-19: Reactions to the Pandemic, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Substance Use Behaviors.

The COVID-19 pandemic may have a compounding effect on the substance use of American veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigated the relationship between PTSD and current reactions to COVID-19 on alcohol and cannabis use among veterans who completed a survey 1 month prior to the pandemic in the USA and a 6-month follow-up survey. We hypothesized that veterans with PTSD would experience more negative reactions to COVID-19 and increased alcohol and cannabis use behaviors over those without PTSD.

Learner Preference of Schedule Type Improves Engagement of Pediatric Residents: Results of a Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Objective: Determine whether a call or shift schedule is better for acquiring optimal knowledge and professionalism, while limiting fatigue for pediatric residents during the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) rotation in a small residency program.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, crossover, mixed-methods study in which pediatric residents were randomized to either a call or shift schedule during their PICU rotation. Attentiveness, bedside care, perceived knowledge, and professionalism were assessed by the resident participants, attending physicians, and nursing staff.

Substance use, depression, and loneliness among American veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Behavioral health issues, such as substance use, depression, and social isolation, are of grave concern during COVID-19, especially for vulnerable populations. One such population is US veterans, who have high rates of pre-existing behavioral health conditions and may thus be at-risk for poorer outcomes. The current study aimed to investigate substance use among US veterans during COVID-19 as a function of pre-existing depression, loneliness, and social support.

Pre-retirement Employees Experience Lasting Improvements in Resilience and Well-Being After Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction.

The socio-economic benefits of interventions to prevent stress and related mental health problems are enormous. In the labor market, it is becoming desirable to keep employees for as long as possible. Since aging implies additional stressors such as increased risk of illness, and added pressure by professional tasks such as transferring knowledge, or learning new technologies, it is of particular relevance to offer stress-reduction to pre-retirement employees.

Co-use of Tobacco Products and Cannabis among Veterans: A Preliminary Investigation of Prevalence and Associations with Mental Health Outcomes.

While tobacco product (such as combustible cigarettes and nicotine vaping products) and cannabis use rates remain high in the general United States (U.S.) population, veterans from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (i.

Nomothetic and idiographic patterns of responses to emotions in borderline personality disorder.

According to Linehan's (1993) biosocial theory, emotion dysregulation is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Despite significant advances in our understanding of emotion dysregulation in BPD, the specific associations among prompting events, discrete emotions, and selected regulation strategies (adaptive and maladaptive) have not yet been detailed. We explored these relations in a daily diary study of 8 participants ( = 21.

Conditioned pain modulation and pain sensitivity in functional somatic disorders: The DanFunD study.

Background: Disrupted pain regulation has been proposed as a component in functional somatic disorders (FSD). The objective of this study was to examine a general population sample, encompassing three delimitations of FSD while assessing pain sensitivity and conditioning pain modulation (CPM).

Methods: Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) at the tibialis and trapezius muscles were recorded at baseline.

Changes in alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic among American veterans.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had considerable behavioral health implications globally. One subgroup that may be of particular concern is U.S.

Protective Behavioral Strategies and Alcohol Use While Pregaming: The Moderating Role of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.

The study evaluated the moderating role of anxiety and depression symptoms on the association between subscales on the Protective Behavioral Strategies for Pregaming (PBSP) scale (safety and familiarity, setting drink limits, pacing drinking, and minimizing intoxication) and alcohol consumption during pregaming. Participants were 359 traditional age undergraduate college students ( = 20,  = 1.37; 61.

Sex work, gender transition, family rejection and depressive symptoms among transgender women in India.

Transgender women in India face unique stressors associated with minority experiences, such as experiences of gender transition and participation in sex work. However, the relationship between sex work, transition and mental health outcomes is understudied in this population. This article aims to examine the association between gender transition status, sex work, family rejection and depressive symptoms among transgender women in India.

Longitudinal effects of adverse childhood experiences on substance use transition patterns during young adulthood.

Background: Few studies have investigated how adverse childhood experiences are associated with substance use patterns during young adulthood, a crucial developmental period.

Objective: The objective of this study was to extend current knowledge on the association between adverse childhood experiences and patterns of substance use among young adults. We also sought to understand how current mental health status and biological sex influences these patterns.