Meta-Analysis of Oxidative Transcriptomes in Insects.

Data accumulation in public databases has resulted in extensive use of meta-analysis, a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple studies. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radical activity and antioxidant activity, which can be studied in insects by transcriptome analysis. This study aimed to apply a meta-analysis approach to evaluate insect oxidative transcriptomes using publicly available data.

Evolution of Ribosomal Protein S14 Demonstrated by the Reconstruction of Chimeric Ribosomes in Bacillus subtilis.

Ribosomal protein S14 can be classified into three types. The first, the C+ type has a Zn binding motif and is ancestral. The second and third are the C- short and C- long types, neither of which contain a Zn binding motif and which are ca.

Zinc removal and recovery from industrial wastewater with a microbial fuel cell: Experimental investigation and theoretical prediction.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that simultaneously remove organic contaminants and recovering metals provide a potential route for industry to adopt clean technologies. In this work, two goals were set: to study the feasibility of zinc removal from industrial effluents using MFCs and to understand the removal process by using reaction rate models. The removal of Zn in MFC was over 96% for synthetic and industrial samples with initial Zn concentrations less than 2.

Stem integrity in requires a load-bearing epidermis.

Because plant cells are glued to each other via their cell walls, failure to coordinate growth among adjacent cells can create cracks in tissues. Here, we find that the unbalanced growth of inner and outer tissues in the () mutant of stretched epidermal cells, ultimately generating cracks in stems. Stem growth slowed before cracks appeared along stems, whereas inner pith cells became drastically distorted and accelerated their growth, yielding to stress, after the appearance of cracks.

LETR1 is a lymphatic endothelial-specific lncRNA governing cell proliferation and migration through KLF4 and SEMA3C.

Recent studies have revealed the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as tissue-specific regulators of gene expression. There is ample evidence that distinct types of vasculature undergo tight transcriptional control to preserve their structure, identity, and functions. We determine a comprehensive map of lineage-specific lncRNAs in human dermal lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells (LECs and BECs), combining RNA-Seq and CAGE-Seq.

Acrolein and other toxicant exposures in relation to cardiovascular disease among marijuana and tobacco smokers in a longitudinal cohort of HIV-positive and negative adults.

Background: Marijuana smoke contains some of the same toxicants present in tobacco smoke. Marijuana smoking is prevalent among HIV+ individuals, but few studies have characterized smoke-related toxicants or associated health outcomes in exclusive marijuana users.

Methods: This longitudinal study included 245 participants over age 40 (76% HIV+).

Thyroid Hormones Interaction With Immune Response, Inflammation and Non-thyroidal Illness Syndrome.

The interdependence between thyroid hormones (THs), namely, thyroxine and triiodothyronine, and immune system is nowadays well-recognized, although not yet fully explored. Synthesis, conversion to a bioactive form, and release of THs in the circulation are events tightly supervised by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. Newly synthesized THs induce leukocyte proliferation, migration, release of cytokines, and antibody production, triggering an immune response against either sterile or microbial insults.

Patients with coronary heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy and idiopathic ventricular tachycardia share overlapping patterns of pathogenic variation in cardiac risk genes.

Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Clinical investigations can sometimes fail to identify the underlying cause of VT and the event is classified as idiopathic (iVT). VT contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Distribution and annual committed effective dose assessment of Po in popular marine species at the near-shore Binh Thuan province, Vietnam.

Po concentration in thirty popular marine species (twenty five fishes, four bivalves and one crab) with different habitats, feeding types, and trophic levels at the near-shore Binh Thuan, Vietnam was analyzed using the alpha detectors. The Po activities were widely ranged from 3.07 ± 0.

Development of a taxon-discriminating molecular marker to trace and quantify a mycorrhizal inoculum in roots and soils of agroecosystems.

Crop inoculation with Glomus cubense isolate (INCAM-4, DAOM-241198) promotes yield in banana, cassava, forages, and others. Yield improvements range from 20 to 80% depending on crops, nutrient supply, and edaphoclimatic conditions. However, it is difficult to connect yield effects with G.

Genome-wide role of codon usage on transcription and identification of potential regulators.

Codon usage bias is a fundamental feature of all genomes and plays an important role in determining gene expression levels. The codon usage was thought to influence gene expression mainly due to its impact on translation. Recently, however, codon usage was shown to affect transcription of fungal and mammalian genes, indicating the existence of a gene regulatory phenomenon with unknown mechanism.

Majonoside-R2 extracted from Vietnamese ginseng protects H9C2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury via modulating mitochondrial function and biogenesis.

Vietnamese ginseng has a therapeutic effect on various diseases; however its bioactivity against cardiac hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) injury remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the protective roles of total saponin extract (TSE) and majonoside-R2 (MR2) targeting mitochondria in HR-induced rat cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells. The results showed that both TSE and MR2 effectively protected the cells from HR damage.

Monitoring hepatitis B by using point-of-care testing: biomarkers, current technologies, and perspectives.

: Liver diseases caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) are pandemic infectious diseases that seriously endanger human health, conventional diagnosis methods can not meet the requirements in resource-limited areas. The point of acre detection methods can easily resolve those problems. Herein, we review the most recent advances in POC-based hepatitis B detection methods and present some recommendations for future development.

Safety and tolerability of lumateperone 42 mg: An open-label antipsychotic switch study in outpatients with stable schizophrenia.

Background: Lumateperone is a mechanistically novel agent FDA-approved for the treatment of schizophrenia. Efficacy and favorable tolerability of lumateperone were demonstrated in 2 short-term placebo-controlled studies in patients with schizophrenia. This open-label study investigated the short-term safety/tolerability of lumateperone in outpatients with stable schizophrenia switched from previous antipsychotic treatment.

Epidemiology and risk factors of colorectal cancer in China.

In China, colorectal cancer (CRC) ranked fourth and fifth in the highest incidence and mortality rates of all malignancies in 2018, respectively. Although these rates are below the world average, China placed first worldwide in the number of new CRC cases and CRC-related deaths because of its comparatively large population. This disease represents a threat to the health of population and incurs a heavy economic burden on the society and individuals.

Engineered dual selection for directed evolution of SpCas9 PAM specificity.

The widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) nuclease derives its DNA targeting specificity from protein-DNA contacts with protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequences, in addition to base-pairing interactions between its guide RNA and target DNA. Previous reports have established that the PAM specificity of SpCas9 can be altered via positive selection procedures for directed evolution or other protein engineering strategies. Here we exploit in vivo directed evolution systems that incorporate simultaneous positive and negative selection to evolve SpCas9 variants with commensurate or improved activity on NAG PAMs relative to wild type and reduced activity on NGG PAMs, particularly YGG PAMs.

Ammonium and organic carbon co-removal under feammox-coupled-with-heterotrophy condition as an efficient approach for nitrogen treatment.

Nitrification is the rate limiting step in the nitrogen removal processes since nitrifiers have high oxygen demand, but poorly compete with aerobic heterotrophs. In a laboratory-scaled system, we investigated a process of ammonium oxidation under ferric-iron reducing condition (feammox) in the presence of organic carbon using influents with high NH and COD contents, and ferrihydrite as the only electron acceptor. Batch incubations testing influents with different NH and COD concentrations revealed that the [COD]/[NH] ratio of 1.

Estimation of Prevalence of Kidney Disease Treated With Dialysis in China: A Study of Insurance Claims Data.

Rationale & Objective: The national prevalence of dialysis in China has not been well studied. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of kidney disease treated with dialysis and predict the trend using claims data in order to provide evidence for developing prevention strategies.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study of insurance claims.

Convergent Synthesis of Fluoroalkenes Using a Dual-Reactive Unit.

Fluoroalkenes have shown importance as a metabolically stable isostere of amide compounds. To expedite the synthesis of diverse fluoroalkenes, we have developed a dual-reactive C2-unit, ()-1-boryl-1-fluoro-2-tosyloxyethene, containing nucleophilic and electrophilic moieties. Consecutive palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of this unit with aryl bromides and aryl boronic acids allow for the convergent synthesis of diverse -1,2-diaryl-substituted fluoroethenes in a chemoselective and stereoretentive manner.

Assembly of four modules onto a tetraazide platform by consecutive 1,2,3-triazole formations.

Efficient consecutive 1,2,3-triazole formations using multiazide platforms are disclosed. On the basis of unique clickability of the 1-adamantyl azido group, a four-step synthesis of tetrakis(triazole)s was achieved from a tetraazide platform molecule. This method was applied to a convergent synthesis of tetrafunctionalized probes in a modular synthetic manner.

The complete mitochondrial genome of an edible mushroom, .

also known as cauliflower mushroom, is a widely used medicinal mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine due to the presence of bioactive substances with pharmacological activity. Here, we report a complete mitochondrial genome sequence of consisting of 139,253 bp containing 47 genes including 15 protein-coding genes, 27 transfer RNA, and 5 ribosomal RNA genes obtained from 40.406 Mb genome containing 18,917 predicted contigs using raw data of next-generation sequencing having 85.

Presynaptic NK1 Receptor Activation by Substance P Suppresses EPSCs via Nitric Oxide Synthesis in the Rat Insular Cortex.

Substance P (SP) regulates inhibitory synaptic transmission mediated by GABA receptors in the cerebral cortex; however, SP-mediated regulation of excitatory synaptic transmission remains poorly understood. We performed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from pyramidal neurons to examine the effects of SP on excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) mediated via AMPA receptors in the insular cortex (IC), which is involved in nociceptive information processing. First, EPSCs evoked by minimal electrical stimulation (eEPSCs) including stepwise EPSCs and failure events, were examined.

Solid-State Fermentation of to Optimize Extraction Process of Isoliquiritigenin from .

We successfully extracted isoliquiritigenin from via fermentation with and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. In brief, we used fermentation to culture powder, and we optimized some key parameters such as reaction conditions of pH, inoculation concentration of , fermentation time, and solid-liquid ratio. Based on a single-factor experiment, we utilized the response surface methodology (RSM) approach to optimize this extraction procedure.