Gillies ex Hooker et Arnott (Oxalidaceae): Chemical Analysis, Biological In Vitro and In Vivo Properties and Behavioral Effects.

In this work, a decoction (DOe) and a methanolic global extract (MGEOe), obtained with the aerial parts of Gillies ex Hooker et Arnott (Oxalidaceae), were evaluated. The high-resolution liquid chromatography in conjunction with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) analysis showed forty compounds in MGEOe and twenty-nine in DOe, including flavones, C-glycosyl flavones, isoflavones, fatty acids, terpenes, phenolic acids, and sterols. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and ILP assays.

Kinin Receptors B1 and B2 Mediate Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion by Activating the FAK-Src Axis.

Kinin receptors B1 and B2 are involved in migration and invasion in gastric, glioma, and cervical cancer cells, among others. However, the role of kinin receptors in breast cancer cells has been poorly studied. We aimed to reveal the impact of B1 and B2 receptors on migration and invasion in breast cancer cells and demonstrate their capacity to modulate in vivo tumor growth.

Impact of Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid on Proliferation, Energy Metabolism, and Chemosensitization in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cell Lines.

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. LC can be classified into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the last subtype accounting for approximately 85% of all diagnosed lung cancer cases. Despite the existence of different types of treatment for this disease, the development of resistance to therapies and tumor recurrence in patients have maintained the need to find new therapeutic options to combat this pathology, where natural products stand out as an attractive source for this search.

Interleukin 3 Inhibits Glutamate-Cytotoxicity in Neuroblastoma Cell Line.

Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a well-known pleiotropic cytokine that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, triggering classical signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, Ras/MAPK, and PI3K/Akt to carry out its functions. Interestingly, the IL-3 receptor is also expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, playing a crucial role in cell survival. Our previous research demonstrated the expression of the IL-3 receptor in neuron cells and its protective role in neurodegeneration.

Ultra-High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis of (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) and Antioxidant and Hypocholesterolemic Properties.

Recently, we reported the chemical profile and the hypocholesterolemic effects of a decoction of (Hook. & Arn.) DC.

Cav., a Potential Environmentally Friendly and Sustainable Bionematicide for the Control of Argentinean Horticultural Crops.

This research was designed to investigate the metabolite profiling, phenolics, and flavonoids content as well as the potential nematicidal properties of decoction (ZpDe), orange-yellow resin (ZpRe) and essential oil (ZpEO) from Argentinean medicinal plant Cav. Additionally, the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of ZpDe and ZpEO were determined. Metabolite profiling was obtained by an ultrahigh-resolution liquid chromatography MS analysis (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/OT-MS-MS) and GCMS.

Low-Temperature Vacuum Drying on Broccoli: Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Proliferative Properties Regarding Other Drying Methods.

Low-temperature vacuum drying (LTVD) has shown great potential for drying vegetables. It could avoid excessive degradations of active compounds with potential therapeutic agents. In this study, the effect on several relevant bioactive compounds, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-proliferative activity of broccoli ( var.

Evaluation of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral properties of bioactive compounds extracted from murta berries ( T.) dried by different methods.

This study evaluated the effects of different drying methods (freeze drying, vacuum drying, infrared drying, convective drying, and sun drying) on the biological properties of berries from the Chilean murta ( Turcz) shrub. Physical-chemical properties (proximal composition, dietary fiber, sugars) were determined. Total phenolic content through the method of Folin-Ciocalteau, the profile of phenol compounds was determined by HPLC, and antioxidant potential by DPPH and ORAC assays were also evaluated.

Pericyte-derived cells participate in optic nerve scar formation.

Pericytes (PCs) are specialized cells located abluminal of endothelial cells on capillaries, fulfilling numerous important functions. Their potential involvement in wound healing and scar formation is achieving increasing attention since years. Thus, many studies investigated the participation of PCs following brain and spinal cord (SC) injury, however, lacking in-depth analysis of lesioned optic nerve (ON) tissue.

Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity Genes Associated to DNA Damage in a Model of Huntington's Disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. DNA damage has been implicated in many neurological disorders; however, the association between this damage and the impaired signaling related to neurodegeneration is still unclear. The transcription factor c-AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) has a relevant role in the neuronal plasticity process regulating the expression of several genes, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

DDR1 and Its Ligand, Collagen IV, Are Involved in In Vitro Oligodendrocyte Maturation.

Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in epithelial cells from different tissues in which collagen binding activates pleiotropic functions. In the brain, DDR1 is mainly expressed in oligodendrocytes (OLs), the function of which is unclear. Whether collagen can activate DDR1 in OLs has not been studied.

The Relationship between Reactive Oxygen Species and the cGAS/STING Signaling Pathway in the Inflammaging Process.

During Inflammaging, a dysregulation of the immune cell functions is generated, and these cells acquire a senescent phenotype with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and ROS. This increase in pro-inflammatory molecules contributes to the chronic inflammation and oxidative damage of biomolecules, classically observed in the Inflammaging process. One of the most critical oxidative damages is generated to the host DNA.

Metabolic changes induced by DNA damage in Ramos cells: exploring the role of mTORC1 complex.

DNA damage induces the activation of many different signals associated with repair or cell death, but it is also connected with physiological events, such as adult neurogenesis and B-cell differentiation. DNA damage induces different signaling pathways, some of them linked to important metabolic changes. The mTORC1 pathway has a central role in the regulation of growth processes and cell division in response to environmental changes and also controls protein synthesis, lipid biogenesis, nucleotide synthesis, and expression of glycolytic genes.

Alkaloid Profiling, Anti-Enzymatic and Antiproliferative Activity of the Endemic Chilean Amaryllidaceae .

This research aims to identify the alkaloid profile and to evaluate the enzyme inhibitory potential and antiproliferative effects of the Amaryllidaceae plant . The alkaloid extracts from bulbs and leaves were analyzed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) analysis. A total of 70 alkaloids were detected in the extracts.

Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Properties of the Chilean Endemic Plant (Gay) Meissner (Thymelaeaceae).

(Lloime) is an endemic species of the Valdivian Forest of Chile. Little is known on the chemistry and biological activity of this plant. In this study, the phenolic profile, antioxidant capacities and enzyme inhibition capacities (against tyrosinase and cholinesterase) of the plant were investigated for the first time.

Neuron-glia (mis)interactions in brain energy metabolism during aging.

Life expectancy in humans is increasing, resulting in a growing aging population, that is accompanied by an increased disposition to develop cognitive deterioration. Hypometabolism is one of the multiple factors related to inefficient brain function during aging. This review emphasizes the metabolic interactions between glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) and neurons, particularly, during aging.

Characterization of the Two Inducible Cre Recombinase-Based Mouse Models NG2-CreER™ and PDGFRb-P2A-CreER for Pericyte Labeling in the Retina.

Purpose: Pericytes (PCs), located abluminal of endothelial cells on capillaries, are essential for vascular development and stability. They display a heterogeneous morphology depending on organ localization, differentiation state, and function. Consequently, PCs show a diverse gene expression profile, impeding the usage of a unique PC marker and therefore the distinct identification of PCs.

(Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) Decoction Improves the Hypercholesterolemia and Alters the Expression of LXRs in Rat Liver and Hypothalamus.

Chronic high-fat diet consumption induces hypercholesterolemia. The effect of (Hook. & Arn.

UHPLC-MS Chemical Fingerprinting and Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Enzyme Inhibition Potential of Berries.

(Ericaceae) (known as Chaura or Mutilla) is a Chilean native small shrub that produces berry fruits consumed by local Mapuche people. In this study, the chemical fingerprinting and antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and antiproliferative activities of the berries were investigated for the first time. Thirty-six metabolites were identified in the fruits by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection, hyphenated with Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap-MS).

Odontoblast TRPC5 channels signal cold pain in teeth.

Teeth are composed of many tissues, covered by an inflexible and obdurate enamel. Unlike most other tissues, teeth become extremely cold sensitive when inflamed. The mechanisms of this cold sensation are not understood.

The Impact of Estrogen and Estrogen-Like Molecules in Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration: Beneficial or Harmful?

Estrogens and estrogen-like molecules can modify the biology of several cell types. Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) belong to the so-called classical family of estrogen receptors, while the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) represents a non-classical estrogen receptor mainly located in the plasma membrane. As estrogen receptors are ubiquitously distributed, they can modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in several tissues and organs, including the central nervous system (CNS).