Profiling of the serum MiRNAome in pediatric egyptian patients with wilms tumor.

Wilms tumor (WT) is a pediatric kidney cancer associated with poor outcomes in patients with unfavorable histological features such as anaplasia. Small non-coding RNAs, such as miRNAs, are known to be involved in WT pathogenesis. However, research on the clinical potential of blood-based miRNAs is limited.

Utilization of, Perceptions on, and Intention to Use AI Chatbots Among Medical Students in China: National Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are poised to have a profound impact on medical education. Medical students, as early adopters of technology and future health care providers, play a crucial role in shaping the future of health care. However, little is known about the utilization of, perceptions on, and intention to use AI chatbots among medical students in China.

Hypertension-Induced Biomechanical Modifications in the Aortic Wall and Their Role in Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection.

Objective: Hypertension is a major risk factor for the type B aortic dissection (TBAD), while many patients do not manage or regulate their hypertension consistently, leading to stable or unstable hypertension. Currently, the effects of stable and unstable hypertension on the biomechanical properties of the aorta remain unclear. The objective was to identify a blood pressure state that represents a greater risk for TBAD development.

Association Between Early-Life and Premorbid Measurements of Body Composition and Risk of Motor Neuron Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study in the UK Biobank.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between developmental and premorbid body composition measurements and the risk of motor neuron disease (MND).

Methods: We performed a cohort study in the UK Biobank to assess the association of developmental body metrics and premorbid body composition measures (using 28 measurements and 7 patterns of body composition) with the risk of MND. Among participants with longitudinal measures, we compared the changes in body composition over time between individuals who later developed MND and those who remained free of MND.

Exploring Immersive Multimodal Virtual Reality Training, Affective States, and Ecological Validity in Healthy Firefighters: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Firefighters face stressful life-threatening events requiring fast decision-making. To better prepare for those situations, training is paramount, but errors in real-life training can be harmful. Virtual reality (VR) simulations provide the desired realism while enabling practice in a secure and controlled environment.

Longitudinal association of depressive symptoms with cognition and neuroimaging biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired older adults, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.

We aimed to longitudinally examine the relationship between depression and cognitive function and investigate the mediating effects of imaging indicators in this relationship. 2,251 subjects with longitudinal assessment of geriatric depression scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDRSB), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale11, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale13 and imaging of 3DT1, diffusion tensor imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, arterial spin labeling, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, 18F-AV45-PET, and 18F-AV1451-PET were included from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. The multivariate mixed-effects models were employed to analyze the correlation between geriatric depression scale scores, cognitive function, and imaging indicators.

Association of psychosocial state with subsequent risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study based on the UK Biobank.

Background: Multiple psychosocial factors have been associated with dementia, while the individual or joint effects of various psychosocial states on dementia remain unrevealed due to the complex interplay between those factors. Here, the authors examined the associations of psychosocial factors and patterns with subsequent risk of dementia, and if the associations could be modified by genetic susceptibility to dementia.

Methods: UK Biobank dementia-free participants were followed from one year after recruitment (median date: 24 January, 2010) until 31 October, 2022.

Federated learning-based prediction of depression among adolescents across multiple districts in China.

Depression in adolescents is a serious mental health condition that can affect their emotional and social well-being. Detailed understanding of depression patterns and status of depressive symptoms in adolescents could help identify early intervention targets. Despite the growing use of artificial intelligence for diagnosis and prediction of mental health conditions, the traditional centralized machine learning methods require aggregating adolescents' data; this raises concerns about confidentiality and privacy, which hampers the clinical application of machine learning algorithms.

The impact of different degrees of stenosis on platelet deposition in the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different stenotic degrees on platelet deposition in the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.

Methods: The idealized model of coronary artery stenosis of 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 %, 70 % and four patient-specific models of 22.17 %, 34.

A flexible deep learning framework for liver tumor diagnosis using variable multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Background: Liver cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and requires tailored treatment strategies for different types. However, preoperative accurate diagnosis of the type presents a challenge. This study aims to develop an automatic diagnostic model based on multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images to distinguish between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and normal individuals.

Impact of Social Vulnerability, Race, and Urbanicity on Early Nutritional Outcomes in Patients With Cleft Palate.

Patients with cleft palate experience early feeding difficulties, resulting in increased hospital utilization due to poor nutritional status. Sociodemographic factors may impact access and outcomes for cleft patients. This study investigates the association of social vulnerability, race, and urbanicity on birth encounter metrics and failure to thrive (FTT) rates for patients with cleft palate.

Improving completion rates of patient-reported outcome measures in cancer clinical trials: Scoping review investigating the implications for trial designs.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) play a crucial role in cancer clinical trials. Despite the availability of validated PRO measures (PROMs), challenges related to low completion rates and missing data remain, potentially affecting the trial results' validity. This review explored strategies to improve and maintain high PROM completion rates in cancer clinical trials.

The genus contains only two species both unable to produce microcystins: and comb. nov.

Spirulina is the commercial name for edible cyanobacteria of the genus . The taxonomy of this genus is confusing with four species distributed in two lineages. Furthermore, the species has been cited as toxic by potentially producing microcystins.

Temporal trends and practice variation in early repair of the ruptured aneurysm among patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the United States, 2012-2019.

Background: Early repair of the ruptured cerebral aneurysm (RRCA), preferably within 24 h of onset, is endorsed by clinical guideline as the preferred management strategy for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, a comprehensive picture of this guideline-recommended usage in contemporary clinical practice is not available.

Aims: This study aimed to characterize trends over time and practice variation in the implementation of an early RRCA strategy among patients with aSAH in a large, national representative data.

The association of psychological and trauma-related factors with biological and facial aging acceleration: evidence from the UK Biobank.

Background: Psychological and trauma-related factors are associated with many diseases and mortality. However, a comprehensive assessment of the association between psycho-trauma exposures and aging acceleration is currently lacking.

Methods: Using data from 332,359 UK Biobank participants, we calculated biological aging acceleration, indexed by the presence of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) deviation (i.

Unraveling the impact of irritability on esophageal diseases: Insights from multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a potential association between irritability and the risk of various diseases. However, establishing a causal relationship has remained a significant challenge. To address this issue, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR), a sophisticated approach that leverages genotype data to emulate the conditions of randomized controlled trials.

Stochastic lattice-based porous implant design for improving the stress transfer in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Background: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been proved to be a successful treatment for osteoarthritis patients. However, the stress shielding caused by mismatch in mechanical properties between human bones and artificial implants remains as a challenging issue. This study aimed to properly design a bionic porous tibial implant and evaluate its biomechanical effect in reconstructing stress transfer pathway after UKA surgery.