Association of childhood maltreatment and adverse lifetime experiences with post-injury psychopathology: evidence from the China Severe Trauma Cohort.

Background: Adverse life experiences have been associated with increased susceptibilities to psychopathology in later life. However, their impact on psychological responses following physical trauma remains largely unexplored.

Methods: Based on the China Severe Trauma Cohort, we conducted a cohort study of 2937 patients who were admitted to the Trauma Medical Center of West China Hospital between June 2020 and August 2023.

Patterns of Co-Occurring Birth Defects in Chinese Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A National Hospital-Based Surveillance Study.

Background: The landscape of co-occurring birth defects among infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains underexplored.

Aims: This study aims to elucidate the complex patterns of co-occurring defects in Chinese population.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed cases from the Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network (2007-2019) with CDH that presented along with at least one additional defect but without a syndromic diagnosis.

Numerical assessment of portal pressure gradient (PPG) based on clinically measured hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) for liver cirrhosis patients.

Portal hypertension (PH) is the initial and main consequence of liver cirrhosis. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement has been widely used to estimate portal pressure gradient (PPG) and detect portal hypertension. However, some clinical studies have found poor correlation between HVPG and PPG, which may lead to the misdiagnosis of portal hypertension.

Protocol for fecal microbiota transplantation: A microaerophilic approach for mice housed in a specific pathogen-free facility.

Recently, studies have emerged exploring the potential application of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in pre-clinical settings. Here, we present a protocol for FMT for mice housed in a specific pathogen-free (SPF) facility. We describe steps for sample collection, microaerophilic processing of freshly collected fecal pellets, and administration through oral gavage.

The Association Between the Hemodynamics in Anomalous Origins of Coronary Arteries and Atherosclerosis: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Patients with anomalous coronary artery origins (AOCA) exhibit a higher risk of atherosclerosis, where even minimal stenosis may lead to adverse cardiovascular events. However, the factors contributing to this heightened risk in AOCA patients remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether an AOCA patient is more prone to stenosis occurrence and its progression in view of hemodynamics.

Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals mTOR Signaling in Sustaining Macrophage Phagocytosis of Cancer Cells.

: Macrophage-mediated cancer cell phagocytosis has demonstrated considerable therapeutic potential. While the initiation of phagocytosis, facilitated by interactions between cancer cell surface signals and macrophage receptors, has been characterized, the mechanisms underlying its sustentation and attenuation post-initiation remain poorly understood. : Through comprehensive phosphoproteomic profiling, we interrogated the temporal evolution of the phosphorylation profiles within macrophages during cancer cell phagocytosis.

Delineating specific structural and functional patterns for neurophysiological biotypes of childhood maltreatment.

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a major risk factor for numerous mental disorders. The long-term consequences of CM on brain structural and functional plasticity have been well documented. However, the neurophysiological biotypes of CM remain unclear although the childhood trauma questionnaire uses different dimensions to assess trauma types.

Shared and distinct morphometric similarity network abnormalities in generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder.

Background: The high comorbidity and symptom overlap of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and social anxiety disorder (SAD), has led to the study of their shared and disorder-specific neural substrates. However, the morphometric similarity network (MSN) differences among these disorders remain unknown.

Methods: MSN derived from T1-weighted images in patients of GAD, PTSD, and SAD, and health controls (HC) using a Siemens 3T magnetic resonance imaging system.

Application of Large Language Models in Medical Training Evaluation-Using ChatGPT as a Standardized Patient: Multimetric Assessment.

Background: With the increasing interest in the application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical field, the feasibility of its potential use as a standardized patient in medical assessment is rarely evaluated. Specifically, we delved into the potential of using ChatGPT, a representative LLM, in transforming medical education by serving as a cost-effective alternative to standardized patients, specifically for history-taking tasks.

Objective: The study aims to explore ChatGPT's viability and performance as a standardized patient, using prompt engineering to refine its accuracy and use in medical assessments.

Impact of Social Vulnerability, Race, and Urbanicity on Surgical Timing for Patients With Craniosynostosis.

Prior studies have linked the timing of craniosynostosis surgeries to several postoperative outcomes. However, less is known regarding the influence of sociodemographic factors on surgical timing for this population. This study investigates the influence of social vulnerability index (SVI), race, and urbanicity on the timing of craniosynostosis surgery.

Disease Modules Associated with Unfavorable Sleep Patterns and Their Genetic Determinants: A Prospective Cohort Study of the UK Biobank.

Unlabelled: Despite the established associations between sleep-related traits and major diseases, comprehensive assessment on affected disease modules and their genetic determinants is lacking. Using multiple correspondence analysis and the k-means clustering algorithm, 235,826 eligible participants were clustered into distinct unfavorable sleep patterns [short sleep duration ( = 10,073), snoring (22,419), insomnia (102,771), insomnia and snoring (62,909)] and favorable sleep pattern groups (37,654). The associations of unfavorable sleep patterns with 134 diseases were estimated using Cox regression models; and comorbidity network analyses were applied for disease module identification.

Association of clinical phenotypes of depression with comorbid conditions, treatment patterns and outcomes: a 10-year region-based cohort study.

Depression is a heterogeneous and complex psychological syndrome with highly variable manifestations, which poses difficulties for treatment and prognosis. Depression patients are prone to developing various comorbidities, which stem from different pathophysiological mechanisms, remaining largely understudied. The current study focused on identifying comorbidity-specific phenotypes, and whether these clustered phenotypes are associated with different treatment patterns, clinical manifestations, physiological characteristics, and prognosis.

A hybrid network using transformer with modified locally linear embedding and sliding window convolution for EEG decoding.

. Brain-computer interface(BCI) is leveraged by artificial intelligence in EEG signal decoding, which makes it possible to become a new means of human-machine interaction. However, the performance of current EEG decoding methods is still insufficient for clinical applications because of inadequate EEG information extraction and limited computational resources in hospitals.

Robust and interpretable deep learning system for prognostic stratification of extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Purpose: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is an hematologic malignancy with prognostic heterogeneity. We aimed to develop and validate DeepENKTCL, an interpretable deep learning prediction system for prognosis risk stratification in ENKTCL.

Methods: A total of 562 patients from four centers were divided into the training cohort, validation cohort and test cohort.

Standardizing plaque impact on overall coronary hemodynamics using a binomial equation based on the equivalent energy loss.

This study proposes a novel method for evaluating the risk of adverse events (AE) in patients with coronary stenosis based on the morphology and hemodynamics along a whole coronary artery. Twenty-eight specific coronary artery tree models with different stenotic degrees are established from the CCTA images and divided into AE group and Non-AE group. Pressures are obtained by computational fluid dynamics method.

A comparative study of storage solutions on the biomechanical preservation of human saphenous veins.

Storage solutions have a significant impact on the physiological properties of saphenous veins (SV), yet their effects on the biomechanics remained unclear. This study investigated how different storage solutions affect the biomechanical properties of SV. The goal was to find a solution that minimally impacts SV biomechanics, providing an effective method for SV preservation.

Blockchain in Health Information Systems: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: With the increasing digitalization of healthcare systems, data security and privacy have become crucial issues. In parallel, blockchain technology has gradually proven to be an innovative solution to address this challenge, as its ability to provide an immutable and secure record of transactions offers significant promise for healthcare information management. This systematic review aims to explore the applications of blockchain in health information systems, highlighting its advantages and challenges.

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalization After Common Psychiatric Disorders: Analyses of Disease Susceptibility and Progression Trajectory in the UK Biobank.

Unlabelled: Whether associations between psychiatric disorders and hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be modified by disease susceptibility and the temporal pattern of these associated CVDs remain unknown. In our study, we conducted a matched cohort study of the UK Biobank including 44,430 patients with common psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, and stress-related disorders) between 1997 and 2019, together with 222,150 sex-, Townsend deprivation index-, and birth year- individually matched unexposed individuals. The hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD hospitalization associated with a prior psychiatric disorder were derived from Cox models, adjusted for multiple confounders.

Association between bullying victimization and mental health problems among Chinese left-behind children: a cross-sectional study from the adolescence mental health promotion cohort.

Background: Left-behind children (LBC) refer to those who have been separated from at least one parent for six months or more due to parental migration for work. This phenomenon poses a significant threat to the mental health of over 61 million LBC in China. This study aims to compare the prevalence of mental health symptoms between LBC and non-left-behind children (non-LBC) and to explore the predictive effect of bullying victimization on adolescent mental health problems.

Development of hepatocellular carcinoma organoid model recapitulating HIF-1A metabolic signature.

Hypoxia is one of the main hallmarks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resulting from improper oxygenation and insufficient nourishment of the HCC microenvironment. The effect of hypoxia is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1A (HIF-1A) via targeting various downstream pathways, including glycolysis, angiogenesis, and survival signaling. However, HCC cell lines in a 2-dimensional (2D) setting do not resemble the metabolic signature of HCC.

Temporal trends in the prevalence of major birth defects in China: a nationwide population-based study from 2007 to 2021.

Background: Birth defects constitute a significant public health issue worldwide, yet there is a lack of comprehensive population-based data for the Chinese population.

Methods: We analyzed data from the China National Population-based Birth Defects Surveillance System from 2007 to 2021, we calculated the prevalence rates of selected birth defects, stratified by maternal residence, geographic region, maternal age, and infant sex. The Joinpoint regression model was utilized to assess trends and annual percent changes in prevalence.