32 results match your criteria: "Center for Human Reproduction CHR[Affiliation]"
J Assist Reprod Genet
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
After over 20 years of progressively increasing clinical utilization of PGT-A (and its precursors), the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and its daughter society, the Society for Assisted Reproduction (SART), for the first time published a committee opinion clearly acknowledging that "the value of PGT-A as a routine screening test for patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) has not been demonstrated." This statement is timely and welcome but requires some additions and raises some new questions, among those why, if PGT-A in a general population does not improve IVF cycle outcomes, the routine clinical utilization of PGT-A should continue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ovarian Res
November 2024
Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, USA.
Hum Reprod
November 2022
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Infertility and IVF Unit, Ramat Gan, Israel.
The hypothesis of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) was first proposed 20 years ago, suggesting that during IVF elimination of aneuploid embryos prior to transfer will improve implantation rates of remaining embryos and, therefore, increase pregnancy and live birth rates, while also reducing miscarriages. Subsequently, unvalidated and increasingly unrestricted clinical utilization of PGT-A called for at least one properly randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess cumulative live birth rates following a single oocyte retrieval, utilizing all fresh and frozen embryos of an IVF cycle. Only recently two such RCTs were published, however both, when properly analysed, not only failed to demonstrate significant advantages from utilization of PGT-A, but actually demonstrated outcome deficits in comparison to non-use of PGT-A, when patient selection biases in favour of PGT-A were reversed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Med
March 2022
Department of Medical Science, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Clin Chem
March 2022
Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tel Aviv University, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Trends Mol Med
August 2021
Stem Cell and Embryology Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) has become a routine add-on for in vitro fertilization (IVF) to determine whether human embryos are to be clinically utilized or disposed of. Studies claiming IVF outcome improvements following PGT-A, however, used highly selected patient populations or inappropriate statistical methodologies. PGT-A was never clinically validated in its ability to define a human embryo as chromosomal normal, mosaic, or aneuploid, nor certified by a regulatory body, or an authoritative professional organization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Exp Med Biol
July 2020
Mt Sinai West, New York, NY, USA.
Modern use of reproductive technologies has revolutionized the treatment of infertile couples. Strategies to improve ovarian function in cases of diminished ovarian reserve are perhaps the least understood area in this field and will be the chief focus of this chapter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biol Endocrinol
April 2017
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, USA.
Background: Premutation range CGGn repeats of the FMR1 gene denote risk toward primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), also called premature ovarian failure (POF). This prospective cohort study was undertaken to determine if X-chromosome inactivation skew (sXCI) is associated with variations in FMR1 CGG repeat length and, if so, is also associated with age adjusted antimüllerian hormone (AMH) levels as an indicator of functional ovarian reserve (FOR).
Methods: DNA samples of 58 women were analyzed for methylation status and confirmation of CGG repeat length.
J Assist Reprod Genet
September 2016
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, USA.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
April 2016
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, United States; The Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, United States.
Testosterone has in recent years been proven essential for normal growth and maturation of small growing follicles. Concomitantly, low functional ovarian reserve (LFOR), characterized by a small growing follicle pool, has been associated with low testosterone levels, which can be of ovarian and/or adrenal origin. In this study we, therefore, investigated whether peripheral sex steroid precursors and testosterone levels potentially reflect on adrenal function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Endocrinol
September 2015
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Why IVF pregnancy rates decline sharply after age 43 is unknown. In this study, we compared granulosa cell (GC) function in young oocyte donors (n=31, ages 21-29), middle-aged (n=64, ages 30-37) and older infertile patients (n=41, ages 43-47). Gene expressions related to gonadotropin activity, steroidogenesis, apoptosis and luteinization were examined by real-time PCR and western blot in GCs collected from follicular fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biol Endocrinol
December 2014
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), 21 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Background: To assess whether an objective performance criterion for in vitro fertilization (IVF) centers can be established.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2011 National ART Surveillance System data for 451 U.S.
Reprod Biomed Online
November 2014
Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, USA; Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Women are increasingly delaying conception to later years. Hormonal contraception induces artificial cyclicity, which does not, like natural cyclicity, reflect normal, physiological ovarian behaviour. Therefore, long-term users of hormonal contraceptives, in particular, fail to derive potential diagnostic benefits from changes in menstrual cyclicity, which usually alerts patients and physicians to developing ovarian pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biol Endocrinol
March 2014
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, USA.
Only a few years ago the American Society of Assisted Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and the British Fertility Society declared preimplantation genetic screening (PGS#1) ineffective in improving in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy rates and in reducing miscarriage rates. A presumably upgraded form of the procedure (PGS#2) has recently been reintroduced, and is here assessed in a systematic review. PGS#2 in comparison to PGS#1 is characterized by: (i) trophectoderm biopsy on day 5/6 embryos in place of day-3 embryo biopsy; and (ii) fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) of limited chromosome numbers is replaced by techniques, allowing aneuploidy assessments of all 24 chromosome pairs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFertil Steril
March 2014
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, New York; Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, New York.
Objective: To investigate whether granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSG) affects endometrial thickness, implantation rates, and clinical pregnancy rates in routine, unselected IVF cycles.
Design: Registered, individually randomized, two-group, parallel double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Setting: Academically affiliated private clinical and research center.
Nat Rev Endocrinol
January 2014
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), 21 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
An increasing body of evidence suggests that immune-mediated processes affect female reproductive success at multiple levels. Crosstalk between endocrine and immune systems regulates a large number of biological processes that affect target tissues, and this crosstalk involves gene expression, cytokine and/or lymphokine release and hormone action. In addition, endocrine-immune interactions have a major role in the implantation process of the fetal (paternally derived) semi-allograft, which requires a reprogramming process of the maternal immune system from rejection to temporary tolerance for the length of gestation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biomed Online
May 2013
Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, USA.
It has been known for decades that nulliparity is associated with an increased risk for certain reproductive malignancies, including breast, ovarian and uterine cancers. A recent commentary in The Lancet summarized the available evidence based on data in nulliparous women and concluded that the risk of nulliparity was related to the increased number of ovulatory cycles, and so might be preventable by utilization of oral contraceptives. That communication described significant differences in age-dependent cancer mortality in nulliparous nuns, as well as in parous controls, between breast, ovarian and uterine cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Reprod
February 2013
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York and Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
In this issue of the journal, Niinimäki et al., colleagues from a pioneering Finnish center in the development of elective single-embryo transfer (eSET), propose the expansion of eSET to suitable women at ages of 40-44 years. This paper offers not only a critique of their proposal but also of eSET in general.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Assist Reprod Genet
November 2012
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR) - New York, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Purpose: Current re-introduction of "improved" preimplantation genetic screening (PGS#2) raises the question whether PGS#2 is ready for routine clinical application.
Methods: We assessed available evidence via review of published data for years 2005-2012, and review of currently ongoing registered clinical trials, based on searches under appropriate key words in PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Database System Review and Google Scholar and http://www.ClinicalTrials.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol
September 2012
The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY, USA.
Background: Ovarian aging patterns differ between races, and appear to affect fertility treatment outcomes. What causes these differences is, however, unknown. Variations in ovarian aging patterns have recently been associated with specific ovarian genotypes and sub-genotypes of the FMR1 gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biomed Online
October 2011
Center for Human Reproduction (CHR), New York, NY 10021, USA.
The manuscript in this issue of the journal by Bissonette et al. reports on a new government-sponsored intervention into the practice of IVF within the province of Quebec, Canada, which in the authors' opinion highly successfully reduced twinning rates, while maintaining overall acceptable pregnancy rates. Given the opportunity to comment, their manuscript, in my opinion, only reemphasizes why, despite wide professional support, the concept of single embryo transfer (SET) is: (i) damaging to most infertility patients by reducing pregnancy chances; (ii) does so without compensatory benefits; (iii) impinges on patients' rights to self-determination; (iv) has significant negative impact on IVF-generated birth rates; and (v) thus, demonstrating, once more, that governments should not interfere with the patient-physician relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biol Endocrinol
May 2011
Center for Human Reproduction (CHR) and Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Background: With infertility populations in the developed world rapidly aging, treatment of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) assumes increasing clinical importance. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been reported to improve pregnancy chances with DOR, and is now utilized by approximately one third of all IVF centers world-wide. Increasing DHEA utilization and publication of a first prospectively randomized trial now warrants a systematic review.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: At least 60% of spontaneous pregnancy loss is considered genetic in nature. Miscarriages can, however, also be autoimmune-induced or have other etiologies. Current clinical dogma in rheumatology as well as obstetrics/gynecology holds that evidence of aneuploidy in products of conception establishes the cause of miscarriage and rules out other potential causes, including autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2010
Center for Human Reproduction (CHR) and Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America.
The FMR1 gene partially appears to control ovarian reserve, with a specific ovarian sub-genotype statistically associated with a polycystic ovary (PCO)- like phenotype. Some forms of PCO have been associated with autoimmunity. We, therefore, investigated in multiple regression analyses associations of ovary-specific FMR1 genotypes with autoimmunity and pregnancy chances (with in vitro fertilization, IVF) in 339 consecutive infertile women (455 IVF cycles), 75 with PCO-like phenotype, adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, medication dosage and number of oocytes retrieved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been reported to improve pregnancy chances in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), and to reduce miscarriage rates by 50-80%. Such an effect is mathematically inconceivable without beneficial effects on embryo ploidy. This study, therefore, assesses effects of DHEA on embryo aneuploidy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF