Involving national stakeholders in a systems approach to map drivers of childhood obesity and actions to prevent childhood obesity in Denmark: the Generation Healthy Kids Study.

Background: Childhood obesity is a preventable global public health challenge, increasingly recognized as a complex problem, stemming from complex drivers. Obesity is characterized by multiple interdependencies and diverse influences at different societal levels. Tackling childhood obesity calls for a holistic approach that engages with complexity and recognizes that there is no single "magic bullet" intervention to prevent obesity.

Socioeconomic Inequity in Access to Medical and Long-Term Care Among Older People.

Background: Ensuring equitable access to medical and long-term care (LTC) is critical to enable older people to maintain their health and well-being even after they undergo a decline in their intrinsic capacity.

Methods: We used data from five waves of the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly, conducted between 2002 and 2021, to assess gradients in access to medical care and LTC by income and education among Japanese individuals aged 60 years and above. Specifically, we assessed self-reported unmet needs for medical care and LTC, and public LTC use, and estimated the concentration indices (CI) to evaluate the degree of inequality and inequity.

The application of multidisciplinary team combined flipped classroom teaching model in oral general course for clinical undergraduates.

Background: Oral general course (OGC) is a basic subject of medical education. The implementation of multidisciplinary team (MDT) meets the individual needs of patients. Based on the concept of MDT, this study combined the theory and practice of flipped classroom teaching method to evaluate the teaching effect, so as to provide a basis and reference for the thinking transformation of medical students to clinicians.

Screening and Referral for Social Needs Among Veterans: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Healthcare-based social need screening and referral (S&R) among adult populations has produced equivocal results regarding social need resource connection.

Objective: Assess the efficacy of S&R on resource connection (primary outcome) and unmet need reduction (secondary outcome).

Design: Intention-to-treat randomized controlled trial.

Contextualization of Diabetes: A Review of Reviews from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Countries.

Purpose Of Review: The prevalence of diabetes is rising around the world and represents an important public health concern. Unlike individual-level risk and protective factors related to the etiology of diabetes, contextual risk factors have been much less studied. Identification of contextual factors related to the risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries may help health professionals, researchers, and policymakers to improve surveillance, develop policies and programs, and allocate funding.

Predicting academic procrastination of students based on academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation difficulties.

Academic procrastination is one of the major factors that can be a serious obstacle for students to achieve academic progress and success. This research aimed to investigate and predict academic procrastination based on academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation difficulties of students of one of the medical sciences universities in southern Iran in 2024. This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 students of different fields in the south of Iran between January and April 2024.

Integrated analysis of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq reveals the chromatin accessibility and transcriptional landscape of immunoglobulin a nephropathy.

Backgrounds: The association between chromatin accessibility in CD4 T cells and Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) remains unclear.

Methods: We performed the assay for transposase accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on CD4 T cells. ATAC-seq and RNA-seq were conducted to identify differentially accessible regions and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively (P < 0.

Associations of pregnancy timing relative to the COVID-19 pandemic, maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Purpose: To examine associations between pregnancy timing relative to the COVID-19 pandemic, maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 189,097 singleton births in South Carolina (2018-2021). Pregnancy timing relative to the pandemic was classified as pre-pandemic (delivered before March 1, 2020), partial pandemic overlap (conceived before and delivered during the pandemic), or pandemic (conceived and delivered during the pandemic).

A new Mediterranean Lifestyle Pyramid for children and youth: a critical lifestyle tool for preventing obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases in a sustainable context.

Cardiovascular risk factors begin in childhood and track into adulthood, increasing the possibility of impaired cardiometabolic health. Adopting healthy dietary patterns can help curb childhood obesity, a worrisome epidemic problem at present. In the era of personalized nutrition, dietary recommendations should be adapted to different stages of life, including children (older than 3 years) and adolescents.

Weaving the strands together for a stronger future: Responding to the mental health needs of Pacific children and young people.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to summarise the findings of a virtual workshop at the Creating Futures 2023 Conference held on October 18 with 45 participants attending from Fiji, PNG, Solomon Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, Cook Islands, Australia and New Zealand. Brief presentations about future mental health needs of Pacific children & young people were followed by small group discussions. These focussed on how island nation participants could "make it real" by considering actions to promote mental health and wellbeing in their communities.

Risk of carcinomas among children and adolescents with birth defects.

Background: Birth defects are associated with childhood cancer, but little is known regarding pediatric carcinomas, a group of especially rare tumors.

Methods: We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for any carcinoma, as well as thyroid, hepatocellular, and renal carcinoma specifically, up to 18 years of age among children with major, non-syndromic anomalies or chromosomal/genetic syndromes, relative to unaffected children.

Results: Our registry-linkage study included nine states and 21,933,476 children between 1990 and 2018: 641,827 with non-syndromic anomalies, and 49,619 with syndromes.

Challenges to promoting maternal respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in Japan.

Pfizer's Abrysvo vaccine is highly effective in preventing severe lower respiratory tract illness in those at high risk from the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Japan, like other countries, is promoting RSV vaccination among pregnant women, but it needs to do better. However, Japan is enduring a state of broad vaccine hesitancy.

Degeneration of the cartilage quality is correlated with a higher intramuscular fat infiltration of the vastus medialis in older adults with pre-to-mild knee osteoarthritis.

Purpose: To quantitatively verify whether degeneration in the quality of the medial femoral cartilage is correlated with muscle volume loss and intramuscular adipose tissue (IntraMAT) infiltration in quadriceps using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Of the 66 older adult participants ≥60 years old (74.5 ± 6.

Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue associations with postmenopausal breast cancer incidence.

Background: Obesity, classified by body mass index (BMI), is associated with higher postmenopausal breast cancer (BCa) risk. Yet, the associations between abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with BCa are unclear.

Methods: We assessed BCa associations with abdominal VAT and SAT in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women without a history of cancer and with 27 years follow-up (N = 9950), during which all new cancers were adjudicated.

Identification of glycogen synthase kinase 3alpha/beta as a host factor required for hepatitis B virus transcription using high-throughput screening.

Background Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) leads to severe liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Identification of host factors that regulate HBV replication can provide new therapeutic targets. The discovery of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) as an HBV entry receptor has enabled the establishment of hepatic cell lines for analyzing HBV infection and propagation.

Prescriptions (Rx) for Prevention: Clinical Tools for Integrating Environmental Health into Pediatric Clinical Care.

The integration of environmental health (EH) into routine clinical care for children is in its early stages. The vision of pediatric EH is that all clinicians caring for children are aware of and able to help connect families to needed resources to reduce harmful environmental exposures and increase health-enhancing ones. Environmental exposures include air pollution, substandard housing, lead, mercury, pesticides, consumer products chemicals, drinking water contaminants, industrial facility emissions and, increasingly, climate change-related extreme weather and heat events.

Impact of a community-based lifestyle intervention with initial sedentary reduction or physical activity increasing goals on self-reported health-related quality of life.

Background: In previous efforts, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) improved for individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease after participation in community-based lifestyle interventions (LI) with a moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) movement goal.

Purpose: It is unknown whether HRQoL improves with LI when the primary movement goal is to reduce sedentary behavior. HRQoL changes were examined among adults with overweight and prediabetes and/or metabolic syndrome randomized to a 12-month Diabetes Prevention Program-based Group Lifestyle Balance (DPP-GLB) community LI work with goals of weight-loss and either increasing MVPA (DPP-GLB) or reducing sedentary time (GLB-SED).

Bone Adaptations to a Whole Body Vibration Protocol in Murine Models of Different Ages: A Preliminary Study on Structural Changes and Biomarker Evaluation.

: Whole body vibration (WBV) is a valuable tool to mitigate physiological adaptations related to age and inactivity. Although significant benefits have been found at the musculoskeletal level, including increased bone mass and reduced muscle atrophy, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the effects of vibratory training on bone tissue in murine models of different age groups by investigating the structural and distribution changes in some crucial biomarkers involved in musculoskeletal homeostasis.

Interaction between opium use and cigarette smoking on bladder cancer: An inverse probability weighting approach based on a multicenter case-control study in Iran.

Introduction: Opium and cigarette smoking have been identified as significant cancer risk factors. Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified opium as a Group 1 carcinogen in 2020.

Method: Using data from a multicenter case-control study in Iran called IROPICAN, involving 717 cases of bladder cancer and 3477 controls, we assessed the interactions on the causal additive scale between opium use and cigarette smoking and their attributing effects to evaluate public health relevance and test for different mechanistic interaction forms to provide new insights for developing of bladder cancer.

Types and cost of wellness services provided by a neighborhood-based academic nursing center.

Background: Despite increased insurance coverage since 2010, racial and ethnic minorities in the United States still receive less medical care than White counterparts. The Johns Hopkins School of Nursing's Center for Community Programs, Innovation, and Scholarship (COMPASS Center) provides free wellness services, aiming to address healthcare disparities in the neighborhoods.

Objective: To delineate the types and cost of wellness services provided by the COMPASS Center.

Exploring segmented assimilation theory in health education utilization and its influencing factors among internal migrants in China: insights from the 2017 China migrants dynamic survey.

Introduction: This study investigated segmented assimilation patterns and factors influencing health education utilization (HEU) among internal migrant populations in China, driven by concerns over their declining health owing to urbanization-related changes.

Methods: Data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey were analyzed, focusing on 13,998 rural migrants. Negative binomial regression was used to explore assimilation patterns and determine the factors affecting HEU among internal migrants in China.

Age-related differences of subjective visual vertical perception in adults-a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: The perception of Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) is crucial for postural orientation and significantly reflects an individual's postural control ability, relying on vestibular, visual, and somatic sensory inputs to assess the Earth's gravity line. The neural mechanisms and aging effects on SVV perception, however, remain unclear.

Objective: This study seeks to examine aging-related changes in SVV perception and uncover its neurological underpinnings through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Exploring barriers to adherence to COVID-19 infection control measures and advice among immigrants in Norway: A qualitative study.

Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, various infection control measures and advice have been issued by different authorities across the world to prevent the spread of the infection and associated mortality. However, the support for and ability to follow recommendations varies across countries and populations. In Norway, studies have shown that immigrants bear a higher burden of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and associated mortality compared with the general population.

Evolving perspectives in dental marketing: A study of Jordanian dentists' attitudes towards advertising and practice promotion.

Advertising for dental services in Jordan is subject to regulation. Dental professionals must obtain approval from their respective councils before initiating any advertising campaigns to ensure compliance with ethical and professional standards. Although the dental advertising landscape in Jordan has made considerable progress, research on dentists' perspectives regarding advertising in the country remains limited.

Acute high-intensity interval exercise is superior to moderate-intensity continuous exercise in enhancing endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals: the possible involvement of lactate.

Objectives: Our study investigated the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals.

Methods: Fifteen subjects (10M / 5F; 22 ± 2 years; BMI: 23.07 ± 4.