Size-specific mediation of the physiological responses and degradation ability of microalgae to sulfamerazine by microplastics.

Antibiotics and microplastics (MPs) are two classes of emerging contaminants that are commonly found in various water environments. However, how different sized MPs affect the toxicity and biodegradation of antibiotics remains poorly understood. We investigated the effects of polystyrene (PS) MPs with different particle sizes (100 nm and 30 μm) on the physiological responses and degradation behavior of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to sulfamerazine (SMR).

Ambient coarse particulate matter pollution and hospital admissions for schizophrenia.

Objective: To investigate the association between ambient coarse particulate matter (PM) pollution and risk of acute schizophrenia episodes.

Methods: A time-stratified case-crossover study with a two-stage analytical approach was conducted to investigate the association between ambient PM pollution and schizophrenia admissions (an indicator for acute schizophrenia episodes) across 259 Chinese cities of prefecture-level or above during 2013-2017. A conditional logistic regression model was constructed to estimate city-specific changes in hospital admissions for schizophrenia associated with per interquartile range (IQR) increase in ambient PM, and the overall associations were obtained by pooling the city-specific associations using the random-effects model.

Implementation of the I-DECIDED tool for PIVC assessment and decision making: discussion paper.

Highlights: PIVCs often cause pain, irritation, or infection. Regular and careful catheter checks can decrease complications and improve patient outcomes. Implementation of the I-DECIDED® tool led to fewer idle catheters and complications.

Three-year treatment with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies modifies migraine course: the prospective, multicenter I-GRAINE study.

Objectives: To determine whether extending anti-CGRP mAb treatment beyond 3 years influences migraine course, we analyzed migraine frequency during the first month of treatment discontinuation following three 12-month treatment cycles (Ts).

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, real-world study enrolled 212 patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) or chronic migraine (CM) who completed three consecutive Ts of subcutaneous anti-CGRP mAbs. Discontinuation periods (D1, D2, D3) were defined as the first month after T1, T2, and T3, respectively.

Frequent Alcohol Use of Adolescents in Low-Income Families: Application of the Multiple Disadvantage Model.

Background: This study investigated relationships between low-income adolescent drinkers' frequent alcohol use and five factors: social disorganization, social structural, social integration, mental health, and access to healthcare.

Objective: A sample of 1,256 low-income adolescent drinkers and caregivers were extracted from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study.

Results: Logistic regression yielded results showing adolescent drinkers' weekly drinking to be associated positively with Hispanic adolescents, drinking peers, adolescents' depression/anxiety, and caregiver's daily drinking.

Serosurvey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle in Southern Japan and Estimation of Its Transmissibility by Transient Infection in Nonvaccinated Cattle.

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is caused by the BVD virus (BVDV) and has been reported worldwide in cattle. To estimate BVDV circulation among cattle where few BVD cases were reported in southern Japan, 1910 serum samples collected from 35 cattle farms without a BVD outbreak were investigated to detect antibodies against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 using an indicator virus with a cytopathogenic effect and the luciferase gene, respectively. Neutralizing antibodies against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 were detected more frequently in 18 vaccinated farms than in 17 nonvaccinated farms.

Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency Is a Risk Factor for Infants' Epigenetic Gestational Age Acceleration at Birth in Japan: A Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: The DNA methylation of neonatal cord blood can be used to accurately estimate gestational age. This is known as epigenetic gestational age. The greater the difference between epigenetic and chronological gestational age, the greater the association with an inappropriate perinatal fetal environment and development.

Brussels Chicory Enhances Exhaustive Aerobic Exercise Performance and Post-Exercise Recovery, Possibly Through Promotion of Lactate Oxidation: A Pilot Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Way Crossover Study.

Background: Brussels chicory affluent in phenolic acids could inhibit atherosclerosis; however, its effects on exercise performance and post-exercise recovery are unknown. We hypothesized that Brussels chicory could enhance exhaustive aerobic exercise performance and post-exercise recovery by promoting lactate oxidation.

Methods: This is a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled two-way cross-over trial involving 32 untrained college students (men 18) who consumed either Brussels chicory juice (100 g of Brussels chicory containing ~130 mg phenolic acids and 180 mL fresh milk) or placebo (180 mL fresh milk) for 7 days with a 2-week washout period.

Iron Deficiency Anemia Following Bariatric Surgery: A 10-Year Prospective Observational Study.

Background: The long-term follow-up studies investigating the risk of anemia and iron deficiency following bariatric procedures are scarce. This study aimed to determine the influence of body weight reduction and type of bariatric surgery on iron metabolism parameters.

Methods: We included 138 consecutive patients who underwent bariatric surgery (120 underwent sleeve gastrectomy and 18 underwent other types of bariatric surgery) between 2010 and 2016.

Evaluation of Intermittent Restricted Eating Using the Interval Weight Loss Online Platform in an Everyday Setting.

: Obesity remains a global health challenge. Many commercial online weight loss programs are available, and they have advantages in terms of scalability and access. Few of these programs have been evaluated for effectiveness in a real-world context.

Improving Cooking Skills, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Clinical Outcomes for Adults at Risk for Cardiometabolic Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Teaching Kitchen Multisite Trial (TK-MT).

Background/objectives: This protocol describes a study to investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a novel Teaching Kitchen Multisite Trial (TK-MT) for adults with cardiometabolic abnormalities. The TK-MT protocol describes a hybrid lifestyle intervention combining in-person and virtual instruction in culinary skills, nutrition education, movement, and mindfulness with community support and behavior change strategies. This 18-month-long randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a 12-month, 24 class program, assess preliminary study efficacy, and identify barriers and facilitators to implementation.

Genetic Variants and Lifestyle Factors in Androgenetic Alopecia Patients: A Case-Control Study of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Their Contribution to Baldness Risk.

Unlabelled: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found to be associated with Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) to date, are characterized by an apparent reduced penetrance into the phenotype suggesting a role of other factors in the etiology of AGA.

Objective: We conducted a study to investigate the role of specific allelic variants in AGA controlling for nutritional and lifestyle factors.

Methods: Individual patterns of SNPs present in the baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11 (rs1160312 and rs6113491) or close to the androgen receptor (AR) gene in chromosome X (rs1041668) were investigated in 212 male subjects.

Beyond BMI: Exploring Adolescent Lifestyle and Health Behaviours in Transylvania, Romania.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to investigate the lifestyle and the behavioral factors that influence the nutritional status of adolescents from Transylvania, Romania.

Methods: The Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was used to collect data from 900 adolescents between 11 and 18 years old from the Transylvania region, Romania. This study assessed nutritional status by calculating BMI indicators adjusted to Z-Score, cut-off points according to the World Health Organization (WHO), using self-reported weight and height; perceived health status; food vulnerability; physical activity; addictive behaviors (cigarette, alcohol and drug consumption); number of hours spent in front of the computer/phone; hand and oral hygiene; sitting time/day; and sleep.

Balancing Performance and Health in Elite Hungarian Athletes: The Relationship Among Disordered Eating Risk, Body Composition, and Nutrition Knowledge.

Background: disordered eating (DE) and eating disorders (ED) can negatively impact athletes' health, wellbeing, and athletic performance.

Objective: this cross-sectional study aims to assess DE risk, body composition, and nutrition knowledge among elite Hungarian athletes.

Methods: DE risk was assessed using DESA-6H and EAT-26 scales, nutrition knowledge through the Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (A-NSKQ), and body composition with the OMRON BF511 device.

Non-Celiac Gluten/Wheat Sensitivity-State of the Art: A Five-Year Narrative Review.

Non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS) is a syndrome for which pathogenesis and management remain debated. It is described as a condition characterized by gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms rapidly occurring after gluten ingestion in subjects who have had celiac disease or wheat allergy excluded. To date, the diagnosis of NCGWS is challenging as no universally recognized biomarkers have been yet identified, nor has a predisposing genetic profile been described.

Guidance on Energy Intake Based on Resting Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity: Effective for Reducing Body Weight in Patients with Obesity.

Objective: In treating obesity, energy intake control is essential to avoid exceeding energy expenditure. However, excessive restriction of energy intake often leads to resting energy expenditure (REE) reduction, increasing hunger and making weight loss difficult. This study aimed to investigate whether providing nutritional guidance that considers energy expenditure based on the regular evaluation of REE and physical activity could effectively reduce body weight (BW) in patients with obesity.

Molecular Epidemiology, Drug-Resistant Variants, and Therapeutic Implications of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus Prevalence in Nigeria: A National Study.

Information on circulating HBV (sub-)genotype, variants, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection, which vary by geographical area, is crucial for the efficient control and management of HBV. We investigated the genomic characteristics of HBV (with a prevalence of 8.1%) and the prevalence of HDV in Nigeria.

Reference Values of Skin Autofluorescence by Age Groups in Healthy Spanish Adults: Results from the EVasCu Study, a Systematic Review, and a Meta-Analysis.

: Age is a known predictor of skin autofluorescence (SAF) across populations, but age-based reference values are lacking for the Spanish population. This study aims to establish SAF reference values for healthy Spanish adults by age group, compare these with other populations, and estimate optimal SAF cut-off points by age range. Additionally, it aims to analyse the influence of sex, smoking, and skin phototype.

Trifolirhizin: A Phytochemical with Multiple Pharmacological Properties.

Trifolirhizin is an important flavonoid glycoside reported from the roots of medicinal plants such as Astragalus membranaceus, Sophora tonkinensis, Ononis vaginalis, Euchresta formosana, Sophora Subprostrate, Ononis spinose, and Sophora flavescens. It is considered one of the important constituents responsible for the various medicinal properties of these medicinal plants. Studies have revealed the multiple pharmacological properties of trifolirhizin: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-ulcerative colitis, antiasthma, hepatoprotective, osteogenic, skin-whitening, wound-healing, and anticancer (against various types of cancers).

Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham.

Management of stored-product pests has historically relied on fumigation when pest populations become large. However, the ban of the fumigant methyl bromide and the ineffectiveness of other pesticides stress the need for alternative fumigants. Therefore, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of ethanedinitrile (EDN) against different life stages of the mite and to determine the sorption and desorption of EDN by dry-cured ham meat.

Substantial Impact of Later-Life Depression Among Community Older Adults on the Family Caregivers' Burden in the Home Care Setting of Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

: Depression is a common geriatric problem globally. It is particularly burdensome in low- and middle-income countries, where care for older people mainly relies on the family in the absence of long-term care facilities. This study aimed to assess the level of caregivers' burden among family caregivers who are taking care of older persons with depression in the home care setting within the communities of Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

An Optimized NGS Workflow Defines Genetically Based Prognostic Categories for Patients with Uveal Melanoma.

Background: Despite advances in uveal melanoma (UM) diagnosis and treatment, about 50% of patients develop distant metastases, thereby displaying poor overall survival. Molecular profiling has identified several genetic alterations that can stratify patients with UM into different risk categories. However, these genetic alterations are currently dispersed over multiple studies and several methodologies, emphasizing the need for a defined workflow that will allow standardized and reproducible molecular analyses.

Glucose Supplementation Enhances the Bactericidal Effect of Penicillin and Gentamicin on Persisters.

: is a leading cause of infective endocarditis (IE), which causes diverse clinical symptoms and even death. Recurrence after treatment is a crucial problem in IE, possibly caused by the presence of "persister" cells, a small bacterial population that can survive antimicrobials. In this study, the residual risk for penicillin G (PCG) and gentamicin (GM), used for treating IE, to induce persisters, was investigated.

Effects of Red Clover Isoflavones on Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Cecal Microflora of Mice.

Isoflavone components extracted from red clover have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune boosting effects. We hypothesize that red clover isoflavones (RCIs) achieve health-promoting effects via altering the gut microbiota. A total of 48 mice (20 ± 2 g) were randomly divided into a control group, low-dose group (0.