Associations of Serum Urate and Cardiovascular Events in a Clinical Trial of Interleukin-1β Blockade.

Background: Serum urate (SU) associates with cardiovascular (CV) events, mortality, and gout.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess whether SU predicts CV risk in a trial of interleukin (IL)-1β inhibition with canakinumab, and whether IL-1β blockade, kidney function, or gout alter these associations.

Methods: This study is a subanalysis of the Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS), which randomized 10,061 patients with prior myocardial infarction and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to 3 doses of canakinumab or placebo.

Sulforaphane Wrapped in Self-Assembled Nanomicelle Enhances the Effect of Sonodynamic Therapy on Glioma.

The two obstacles for treating glioma are the skull and the blood brain-barrier (BBB), the first of which forms a physical shield that increases the difficulties of traditional surgery or radiotherapy, while the latter prevents antitumor drugs reaching tumor sites. To conquer these issues, we take advantage of the high penetrating ability of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), combined with a novel nanocomplex that can easily pass the BBB. Through ultrasonic polymerization, the amphiphilic peptides (CGRRGDS) were self-assembled as a spherical shell encapsulating a sonosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB) and a plant-derived compound, sulforaphane (SFN), to form the nanocomplex SFN@RB@SPM.

TCF19 Enhances Glioma Cell Proliferation via Modulating the Β-Catenin Signaling Pathway through Accelerating DHX32 Transcription.

Background: Transcription factor 19 (TCF19) is considered a crucial transcription factor and acts as an oncogene in a few cancers. Nevertheless, the effect and mechanism of TCF19 on glioma remain unknown.

Objective: This research aimed to explore the function of TCF19 on glioma progression and clarify the potential mechanism.

transcription factor AP2-06B is mutated at high frequency in Southeast Asia but does not associate with drug resistance.

Introduction: A continuing challenge for malaria control is the ability of to develop resistance to antimalarial drugs. Members within the transcription factor family AP2 regulate the growth and development of the parasite, and are also thought to be involved in unclear aspects of drug resistance. Here we screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the AP2 family and identified 6 non-synonymous mutations within AP2-06B (PF3D7_0613800), with allele frequencies greater than 0.

Subtractive Inhibition Assay Based on PagN-Specific Monoclonal Antibody for the Detection of Salmonella Using Surface Plasmon Resonance.

Salmonella is a common foodborne zoonotic pathogen that poses a great threat to human health and breeding industry. The rapid detection of Salmonella is necessary for early prevention and control. In this study, a subtractive inhibition assay (SIA) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the rapid detection of Salmonella was developed.

Exploring Immune Cell Infiltration and Small Molecule Compounds for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment.

Background/objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with a relapsing nature and complex etiology. Bioinformatics analysis has been widely applied to investigate various diseases. This study aimed to identify crucial differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and explore potential therapeutic agents for UC.

Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is the presence of somatic mutations in myeloid and lymphoid malignancy genes in the blood cells of individuals without a hematologic malignancy. Inflammation is hypothesized to be a key mediator in the progression of CHIP to hematologic malignancy and patients with CHIP have a high prevalence of inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and characteristics of CHIP in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

A microfluidics platform for simultaneous evaluation of sensitivity and side effects of anti-cancer drugs using a three-dimensional culture method.

Organoids are stem cell-derived three-dimensional tissue cultures composed of multiple cell types that recapitulate the morphology and functions of their in vivo counterparts. Organ-on-a-chip devices are tiny chips with interconnected wells and channels designed using a perfusion system and microfluidics to precisely mimic the in vivo physiology and mechanical forces experienced by cells in the body. These techniques have recently been used to reproduce the structure and function of organs in vitro and are expected to be promising alternatives for animal experiments in the future.

All-in-one microfluidic immunosensing device for rapid and end-to-end determination of salivary biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases.

Routine screening for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) through point-of-care assays for at-home or community-based testing of salivary biomarkers can significantly improve patient outcomes. However, its translatability has been hindered by a dearth of biosensing devices that streamline assay procedures for rapid biomarker quantitation. To address this challenge through end-to-end engineering, we developed an in-house, all-in-one microfluidic immunosensing device that integrates on-chip vibration-enhanced incubation, magnetic-assisted separation using immune magnetic bead probes, and colorimetric readout via absorbance measurements.

Sex differences in mitochondrial gene expression during viral myocarditis.

Background: Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle most often caused by viral infections. Sex differences in the immune response during myocarditis have been well described but upstream mechanisms in the heart that might influence sex differences in disease are not completely understood.

Methods: Male and female BALB/c wild type mice received an intraperitoneal injection of heart-passaged coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) or vehicle control.

Antibody screening-assisted multichannel nanoplasmonic sensing chip based on SERS for viral screening and variants identification.

The Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been spreading globally and have never disappeared from our sight, indicating that their coexistence with humans has become a fact, and monitoring its evolution and spread remains a current task. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most commonly used virus detection method, it requires labor-intensive and time-consuming procedures in a laboratory setting. Herein, a multichannel nanoplasmonic sensing chip based on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was developed for detecting N and S proteins, as well as IgG and IgM, related to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants.

LRP1B Suppresses Immunotherapy Efficacy in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Preventing Ferroptosis.

Background: Immune biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor mutational burden (TMB). However, they cannot accurately predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Identifying appropriate biomarkers that can differentiate between beneficiary groups is imperative.

A prognostic molecular signature of hepatic steatosis is spatially heterogeneous and dynamic in human liver.

Hepatic steatosis is a central phenotype in multi-system metabolic dysfunction and is increasing in parallel with the obesity pandemic. We use a translational approach integrating clinical phenotyping and outcomes, circulating proteomics, and tissue transcriptomics to identify dynamic, functional biomarkers of hepatic steatosis. Using multi-modality imaging and broad proteomic profiling, we identify proteins implicated in the progression of hepatic steatosis that are largely encoded by genes enriched at the transcriptional level in the human liver.

Transcriptomic and epigenomic signatures distinguish high- and low-risk endotypes for liver tumor development.

The epigenome is a target for environmental exposures and a potential determinant of inter-individual differences in response. In genetically identical C57Bl/6 mice exposed from gestation to weaning to the endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) tributyltin (TBT), hepatic tumor development later in life varied across multiple cohorts over time and depending on sex and diet. In one cohort where approximately half of TBT-exposed male mice developed liver tumors at 10 months (Katz et al.

Placental methylation and pro-inflammatory protein levels in cord blood.

Introduction: The neonates' inflammatory response may in part be shaped during development by the placental epigenome, but evidence is scarce. We investigated the association between placental DNA methylation and pro-inflammatory proteins in cord blood.

Methods: A total of 249 mother-child dyads from the Harvard Epigenetic Birth Cohort were included in this study.

The transcription factor PPARA mediates SIRT1 regulation of NCOR1 to protect damaged heart cells.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome with a high risk. Our previous research showed a regulatory relationship between Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARA) and nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (NCOR1). This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of SIRT1/PPARA/NCOR1 axis in HF.

Rural-urban differences in dental opioid prescribing among adolescent/young adult and adult Medicaid beneficiaries.

Introduction: There are ongoing concerns about opioid prescribing for surgical and non-surgical dental needs among adolescent/young adult and adult patients. Although there are known differences in the overall opioid prescription rates in rural areas compared to urban areas, the contribution of dental opioid prescriptions is still unclear. This study aims to examine the factors associated with receiving an opioid prescription following a dental visit.

Proteomic biomarkers and pathway analysis for progression to heart failure in three epidemiological representative cohorts.

Aims: Biomarkers associated with asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction might improve risk stratification and identify pathways leading to heart failure (HF). We explored the association between proteomic biomarkers and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction (DD) and incident HF in three population-based cohorts.

Methods And Results: A chip was used to measure 92 protein biomarkers in blood samples from >1500 Malmö Preventive Project (MPP) participants, of whom 514 had LVH (34%), 462 had DD (32.

Co-Regulation Mechanism of Host p53 and Fos in Transcriptional Activation of ILTV Immediate-Early Gene .

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) exhibits a cascade expression pattern of encoded genes, and is the only immediate-early gene of ILTV, which plays a crucial role in initiating the subsequent viral genes. Therefore, studying the transcriptional regulation mechanism of holds promise for effectively blocking ILTV infection and spread. Host transcriptional factors p53 and Fos are proven to regulate a variety of viral infections, and our previous studies have demonstrated their synergistic effects in regulating ILTV infection.

HIV replication and tuberculosis risk among people living with HIV in Europe: A multicohort analysis, 1983-2015.

Introduction: HIV replication leads to a change in lymphocyte phenotypes that impairs immune protection against opportunistic infections. We examined current HIV replication as an independent risk factor for tuberculosis (TB).

Methods: We included people living with HIV from 25 European cohorts 1983-2015.

A highly elastic, moisturizing, and adhesion conductive hydrogel designed for cuffless blood pressure measurement.

Real-time monitoring of blood pressure in athletes during exercise is of great importance, however, conventional methods pose challenges in achieving portable and instantaneous measurements. While, the electrodes used in emerging wearable blood pressure monitoring instruments still have certain defects. In this study, a novel cuffless blood pressure monitoring system was developed using a self-developed polyacrylamide/trehalose/LiCl (PAM/Trehalose/LiCl) conductive hydrogel as the electrode material.

Exploring the connection between EU-funded research and methodological approaches: insights from a retrospective analysis.

Background: Over the last two decades, substantial investments have been directed towards supporting fundamental and applied research in Alzheimer's disease (AD), breast cancer (BC), and prostate cancer (PC), which continue to pose significant health challenges. Recently, the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) conducted a retrospective analysis to examine the major scientific advancements resulting from EU-funded research in these disease areas and their impact on society.

Methods: Building upon this analysis, our subsequent investigation delves into the methodological approaches-both animal and non-animal models and methods-employed in AD, BC, and PC research funded under past EU framework programs (FP5, FP6, FP7, and H2020), and explored the notable research outputs associated with these approaches.

Point-of-Care Testing for Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review.

Cardiovascular disease is a major global public health challenge. Point-of-- care testing (POCT) technologies are crucial for the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular conditions. Numerous POCT technologies for cardiovascular disease are currently available, which include but are not limited to conventional methods, paper-based microfluidic technology, microfluidic chip technology, electrochemical detection technology, ultrasonic detection technology, and smartphone-based detection technology.