Full title- acceptability and feasibility of HIV self-testing (HIVST) among MSM and transgender women () in Bangladesh: A mixed-method study.

Background: HIV testing coverage among males having sex with males (MSM) and transgender women (locally known as ) is low in Bangladesh. Oral fluid-based HIV self-testing (HIVST) may improve coverage due to its convenience and privacy but is yet to be tested in Bangladesh. Therefore, the acceptability and feasibility of supervised HIVST was examined.

28 NICUs participating in a quality improvement collaborative targeting early-onset sepsis antibiotic use.

Objective: There is widespread overuse of antibiotics in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The objective of this study was to safely reduce antibiotic use in participating NICUs by targeting early-onset sepsis (EOS) management.

Study Design: Twenty-eight NICUs participated in this statewide multicenter antibiotic stewardship quality improvement collaborative.

Dual Barriers: Examining Digital Access and Travel Burdens to Hospital Maternity Care Access in the United States, 2020.

Unlabelled: Policy Points The White House Blueprint for Addressing the Maternal Health Crisis report released in June 2022 highlighted the need to enhance equitable access to maternity care. Nationwide hospital maternity unit closures have worsened the maternal health crisis in underserved communities, leaving many birthing people with few options and with long travel times to reach essential care. Ensuring equitable access to maternity care requires addressing travel burdens to care and inadequate digital access.

Blood culture procedures and practices in the neonatal intensive care unit: A survey of a large multicenter collaborative in California.

Objective: To describe variation in blood culture practices in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Design: Survey of neonatal practitioners involved with blood culturing and NICU-level policy development.

Participants: We included 28 NICUs in a large antimicrobial stewardship quality improvement program through the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative.

Public spending on acute and long-term care for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

Introduction: We estimate the spending attributable to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) to the United States government for the first 5 years post-diagnosis.

Methods: Using data from the Health and Retirement Study matched to Medicare and Medicaid claims, we identify a retrospective cohort of adults with a claims-based ADRD diagnosis along with matched controls.

Results: The costs attributable to ADRD are $15,632 for traditional Medicare and $8833 for Medicaid per dementia case over the first 5 years after diagnosis.

Out-of-pocket costs attributable to dementia: A longitudinal analysis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) affect 5.7 million Americans, and are expensive despite the lack of a cure or even treatments effective in managing the disease. The literature thus far has tended to focus on the costs to Medicare, even though one of the main characteristics of ADRD (the loss of independence and ability to care for oneself) incurs costs not covered by Medicare.

Effects of Medicare advantage on patterns of end-of-life care among Medicare decedents.

Objective: To examine the effects of Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollment on patterns of end-of-life care.

Data Sources: We used data from the Master Beneficiary Summary File, the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review, hospice claims, the Minimum Data Set, the Outcome and Assessment Information Set, the Area Health Resources File, and Geographic Variation Public Use File for 2012-2014.

Study Design: To address selective enrollment into MA, we exploited a discontinuity in payment rates by county population (urban floor payments) as an instrument.

Observational study of patient characteristics associated with a timely diagnosis of dementia and mild cognitive impairment without dementia.

Background: Timely diagnosis of cognitive impairment is a key goal of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease, but studies of factors associated with a timely diagnosis are limited.

Objective: To identify patient characteristics associated with a timely diagnosis of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Design: Retrospective observational study using survey data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from 1995-2016 (interview waves 3-13).

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (BMSM) in the Southern U.S.

Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) living in the United States (U.S.) South are disproportionately affected by HIV and experience significant disparities in HIV incidence, access to HIV care, and prevention across ages and socio-economic statuses.

Rural and racial disparities in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in South Carolina, 1996 - 2016.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality among men and women in the United States and South Carolina (SC). Since SC has one of the highest proportions of Black (27.9%) and rural residents (33.

Engaging the 'Missing Men' in the HIV Treatment Cascade: Creating a Tailored Intervention to Improve Men's Uptake of HIV Care Services in Rural South Africa: A Study Protocol.

Men, especially young men, have been consistently missing from the HIV care cascade, leading to poor health outcomes in men and ongoing transmission of HIV in young women in South Africa. Although these men may not be missing for the same reasons across the cascade and may need different interventions, early work has shown similar trends in men's low uptake of HIV care services and suggested that the social costs of testing and accessing care are extremely high for men, particularly in South Africa. Interventions and data collection have hitherto, by and large, focused on men in relation to HIV prevention in women and have not approached the problem through the male lens.

Characterizing infections and hospital exposures in California using surveillance and administrative data, 2014-2015.

Objective: To evaluate a method to identify hospitals contributing to Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) at subsequent hospitalizations.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We merged 2014-2015 National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) inpatient CDI laboratory-identified events with hospital patient discharge data.

Development of an Innovative Tool to Appraise Big Data for Best Evidence.

Background: Datum from electronic sources has accumulated and resulted in the establishment of big data and data science. Big data consists of data sets that are larger than traditional data processing applications can manage. Data science is the research method used to analyze big data.

Systematic Review of Factors Associated with the Utilization of Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer.

Context: Despite established guidelines for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, it has been reported that radical cystectomy (RC) is markedly underused, especially among patients of advanced age and those with higher comorbidity burden and lower access to care. Understanding the interactions between patient, provider, and hospital factors may inform targeted interventions to optimize RC utilization.

Objective: To systematically review the literature regarding factors associated with RC utilization.

A data-driven and practice-based approach to identify risk factors associated with hospital-acquired falls: Applying manual and semi- and fully-automated methods.

Background And Purpose: Electronic health record (EHR) data provides opportunities for new approaches to identify risk factors associated with iatrogenic conditions, such as hospital-acquired falls. There is a critical need to validate and translate prediction models that support fall prevention clinical decision-making in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to explore a combined data-driven and practice-based approach to identify risk factors associated with falls.

Electronic health record reviews to measure diagnostic uncertainty in primary care.

Rationale, Aims And Objectives: Diagnostic uncertainty is common in primary care. Because it is challenging to measure, there is inadequate scientific understanding of diagnostic decision-making during uncertainty. Our objective was to understand how diagnostic uncertainty was documented in the electronic health record (EHR) and explore a strategy to retrospectively identify it using clinician documentation.

Impact of psychiatric illness on decreased survival in elderly patients with bladder cancer in the United States.

Background: Treatments for muscle-invasive bladder cancer are multimodal, complex, and often carry significant risks of physical and psychological morbidity. The objectives of this study were to define the incidence and types of psychiatric illnesses diagnosed after treatment and to determine their impact on survival outcomes.

Methods: In total, 3709 patients who were diagnosed with clinical stage T2 through T4a bladder cancer from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2011, from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare were analyzed.

Development, Validation, and Implementation of a Clinic Nurse Staffing Guideline.

Ensuring that the level of nurse staffing used to care for patients is appropriate to the setting and service intensity is essential for high-quality and cost-effective care. This article describes the development, validation, and implementation of the clinic technical skills permission list developed specifically to guide nurse staffing decisions in physician clinics of an academic medical center. Results and lessons learned in using this staffing guideline are presented.

Defining and Measuring Diagnostic Uncertainty in Medicine: A Systematic Review.

Background: Physicians routinely encounter diagnostic uncertainty in practice. Despite its impact on health care utilization, costs and error, measurement of diagnostic uncertainty is poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to describe how diagnostic uncertainty is defined and measured in medical practice.

Cancer and All-cause Mortality in Bladder Cancer Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy: Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Treatment Decision-making.

Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram assessing cancer and all-cause mortality following radical cystectomy. Given concerns regarding the morbidity associated with surgery, there is a need for incorporation of cancer-specific and competing risks into patient counseling and recommendations.

Materials And Methods: A total of 5325 and 1257 diagnosed with clinical stage T2-T4a muscle-invasive bladder cancer from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2011 from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare and Texas Cancer Registry-Medicare linked data, respectively.

Association of nurse work environment and safety climate on patient mortality: A cross-sectional study.

Background: There are two largely distinct research literatures on the association of the nurse work environment and the safety climate on patient outcomes.

Objective: To determine whether hospital safety climate and work environment make comparable or distinct contributions to patient mortality.

Design: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of linked datasets of Registered Nurse survey responses, adult acute care discharge records, and hospital characteristics.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Attributed to Hospital Tap Water.

OBJECTIVE To investigate an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and colonization in a neonatal intensive care unit. DESIGN Infection control assessment, environmental evaluation, and case-control study. SETTING Newly built community-based hospital, 28-bed neonatal intensive care unit.

Safety huddles to proactively identify and address electronic health record safety.

Objective: Methods to identify and study safety risks of electronic health records (EHRs) are underdeveloped and largely depend on limited end-user reports. "Safety huddles" have been found useful in creating a sense of collective situational awareness that increases an organization's capacity to respond to safety concerns. We explored the use of safety huddles for identifying and learning about EHR-related safety concerns.

Emergency Department Weekend Presentation and Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Patients admitted to acute care hospitals on weekends have poorer outcomes than those admitted on weekdays, and patients admitted to hospitals for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on weekends have a higher mortality rate than those admitted during the week. Very few studies have examined weekend presentation for patients with AMI with respect to mortality in the emergency department (ED).

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine if weekend and holiday presentation is associated with increased mortality in EDs among patients with AMI in New Jersey.