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Center for Genomics and Systems Biology... Publications | LitMetric

949 results match your criteria: "Center for Genomics and Systems Biology[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers identified unique DNA sequences and protein diversity in samples with intact pfhrp2 genes, pointing to distinct amino acid repeat motifs compared to standard samples.
  • * The effectiveness of mass screening and treatment interventions, alongside additional measures like bed net distribution, was shown to significantly lower the risk of infection for both pfhrp2 deleted and intact P. falciparum parasites, emphasizing the need for new diagnostic methods for malaria elimination efforts by 2030.
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BAD2matrix: Phylogenomic matrix concatenation, indel coding, and more.

Appl Plant Sci

September 2024

Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Program for Molecular Systematics The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx New York USA.

Premise: Common steps in phylogenomic matrix production include biological sequence concatenation, morphological data concatenation, insertion/deletion (indel) coding, gene content (presence/absence) coding, removing uninformative characters for parsimony analysis, recording with reduced amino acid alphabets, and occupancy filtering. Existing software does not accomplish these tasks on a phylogenomic scale using a single program.

Methods And Results: BAD2matrix is a Python script that performs the above-mentioned steps in phylogenomic matrix construction for DNA or amino acid sequences as well as morphological data.

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Over the past decade, single-cell genomics technologies have allowed scalable profiling of cell-type-specific features, which has substantially increased our ability to study cellular diversity and transcriptional programs in heterogeneous tissues. Yet our understanding of mechanisms of gene regulation or the rules that govern interactions between cell types is still limited. The advent of new computational pipelines and technologies, such as single-cell epigenomics and spatially resolved transcriptomics, has created opportunities to explore two new axes of biological variation: cell-intrinsic regulation of cell states and expression programs and interactions between cells.

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A panoramic view of cell population dynamics in mammalian aging.

Science

November 2024

Laboratory of Single-Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.

To elucidate aging-associated cellular population dynamics, we present , a single-cell transcriptome atlas profiling over 20 million cells from 623 mouse tissues across different life stages, sexes, and genotypes. This comprehensive dataset reveals more than 3,000 unique cellular states and over 200 aging-associated cell populations. Our panoramic analysis uncovered organ-, lineage-, and sex-specific shifts of cellular dynamics during lifespan progression.

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The contributions of genetic interactions to natural trait variation are challenging to estimate experimentally, as current approaches for detecting epistasis are often underpowered. Powerful mapping approaches such as bulk segregant analysis, wherein individuals with extreme phenotypes are pooled for genotyping, obscure epistasis by averaging over genotype combinations. To accurately characterize and quantify epistasis underlying natural trait variation, we have engineered strains of the budding yeast to enable crosses where one parent's chromosome is fixed while the rest of the chromosomes segregate.

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Article Synopsis
  • Circadian clocks are essential for various biological processes and were studied in marine diatoms under constant light to understand if these rhythms persist without external cues.
  • The research reveals that while some genes related to light harvesting and carbon fixation maintain discernible oscillations after 24 hours of constant illumination, most rhythmic gene expressions diminish over time due to the lack of environmental signals.
  • The study highlights that adjusting light/dark cycles can enhance photosynthetic efficiency in microalgae, providing insights into the complex relationship between internal circadian rhythms and external light conditions.
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Background: Lifestyle plays an important role in shaping the gut microbiome. However, its contributions to the oral microbiome remain less clear, due to the confounding effects of geography and methodology in investigations of populations studied to date. Furthermore, while the oral microbiome seems to differ between foraging and industrialized populations, we lack insight into whether transitions to and away from agrarian lifestyles shape the oral microbiota.

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Water scarcity has evolved into a pressing global issue, significantly impacting numerous regions worldwide. The use of treated wastewater stands out as a promising solution to this problem. However, the proliferation of various contaminants, primarily Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (ARGs), poses a significant challenge to its safe and sustainable use.

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Article Synopsis
  • Copy number variants (CNVs) are crucial for genetic variation and evolution, but their formation and effects are not well understood, particularly concerning local genomic sequences.
  • Research indicates that specific genomic features, like long terminal repeats (LTRs) and origins of DNA replication (ARS), influence the rapid formation and adaptive significance of CNVs during evolutionary processes in glutamine-limited environments.
  • Experimental evolution in engineered strains shows that altering these genomic elements affects CNV formation rates and fitness, with a significant portion of CNVs linked to a mechanism called Origin Dependent Inverted Repeat Amplification (ODIRA).
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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the consistency of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), and COVID-19 by analyzing multiple published datasets.
  • It finds that while DEGs in PD and COVID-19 datasets can reasonably predict case status in other studies, DEGs in AD datasets perform poorly on this front.
  • A new meta-analysis method (SumRank) was developed, enhancing predictive power by integrating DEGs across datasets and resulting in the identification of both known and new biological pathways related to these diseases.
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Limited research in Saudi Arabia has devolved into the prevalence and genetic diversity of begomoviruses. Utilizing Illumina MiSeq sequencing, we obtained 21 full-length begomovirus sequences (2.7-2.

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Evidence of RNA polymerase III recruitment and transcription at protein-coding gene promoters.

Mol Cell

November 2024

Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Electronic address:

The transcriptional interplay of human RNA polymerase I (RNA Pol I), RNA Pol II, and RNA Pol III remains largely uncharacterized due to limited integrative genomic analyses for all three enzymes. To address this gap, we applied a uniform framework to quantify global RNA Pol I, RNA Pol II, and RNA Pol III occupancies and identify both canonical and noncanonical patterns of gene localization. Most notably, our survey captures unexpected RNA Pol III recruitment at promoters of specific protein-coding genes.

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Mechanistic differences in eukaryotic initiation factor requirements for eIF4GI-driven cap-independent translation of structured mRNAs.

J Biol Chem

November 2024

Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA; PhD. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA; PhD. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address:

Protein translation is globally downregulated under stress conditions. Many proteins that are synthesized under stress conditions use a cap-independent translation initiation pathway. A subset of cellular mRNAs that encode for these proteins contain stable secondary structures within their 5'UTR, and initiate cap-independent translation using elements called cap-independent translation enhancers or internal ribosome entry sites within their 5'UTRs.

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The molecular mechanisms that link stress and biological rhythms still remain unclear. The habenula (Hb) is a key brain region involved in regulating diverse types of emotion-related behaviours while the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the body's central clock. To investigate the effects of chronic social stress on transcription patterns, we performed gene expression analysis in the Hb and SCN of stress-naïve and stress-exposed mice.

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Diversification and conservation of DNA binding specificities of SPL family of transcription factors.

bioRxiv

September 2024

Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

SQUAMOSA Promoter-Binding Protein-Like (SPL) transcription factors play vital roles in plant development and stress responses. In this study, we report a comprehensive DNA Affinity Purification sequencing (DAP-seq) analysis for 14 of the 16 SPL transcription factors in , providing valuable insights into their DNA-binding specificities. We performed Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the target genes to reveal their convergent and diverse biological functions among SPL family proteins.

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In this study, we report a biological temperature-sensing electrical regulator in the cytochrome c oxidase of the Devil Worm, Halicephalobus mephisto. This extremophile metazoan was isolated 1.3 km underground in a South African goldmine, where it adapted to heat and potentially to hypoxia, making its mitochondrial sequence a likely target of adaptational change.

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Sarcoglycanopathies are among the most frequent and severe forms of autosomal recessive forms of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) with childhood onset. Four subtypes are known: LGMDR3, LGMDR4, LGMDR5 and LGMDR6, which are caused, respectively, by mutations in the , SGCB, and genes. We present the clinical variability of LGMD 2C/R5 among a genetically homogeneous group of 57 patients, belonging to 35 pedigrees.

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The emergence of infectious diseases, particularly those caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19 and influenza viruses, poses a significant threat to public health, especially in the context of climate change. Vulnerable variants and major pathogenicities are appearing, leading to a wide range of illnesses and increased morbidity. Wastewater genomic surveillance represents a cost-effective and a crucial tool for tracking infectious diseases, particularly in regions where clinical testing resources might be limited or inadequate.

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Phosphotriesterases (PTEs) represent a class of enzymes capable of efficient neutralization of organophosphates (OPs), a dangerous class of neurotoxic chemicals. PTEs suffer from low catalytic activity, particularly at higher temperatures, due to low thermostability and low solubility. Supercharging, a protein engineering approach via selective mutation of surface residues to charged residues, has been successfully employed to generate proteins with increased solubility and thermostability by promoting charge-charge repulsion between proteins.

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Unlabelled: Multiple factors explain the proper development of sourdough starters. Although the role of raw ingredients and geography, among other things, have been widely studied recently, the possible effect of air quality and water chlorination on the overall bacterial communities associated with sourdough remains to be explored. Here, using amplicon sequencing, we show that clean, filtered-air severely limited the presence of lactic acid bacteria in sourdough starters, suggesting that surrounding air is an important source of microorganisms necessary for the development of sourdough starters.

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Assembled genome of an Ethiopian isolate generated using GridION long-read technology.

Microbiol Resour Announc

October 2024

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

causes ~20% of malaria cases in Ethiopia. Here, we report a long-read genome assembly generated from an individual collected in 2022. is genetically diverse across endemic regions; thus, the genome assembly of an African isolate is an important resource for the malaria research community.

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