Effects of different HIIT protocols on exercise performance, metabolic adaptation, and fat loss in middle-aged and older adults with overweight.

There is evidence that aging and obesity are associated with increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) may be superior to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity benefits. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine which HIIT prescriptions will be more effective in reducing fat accumulation, inflammation, and improving metabolic adaptation and exercise performance in middle-aged and older overweight adults.

Effects of perioperative magnesium on postoperative analgesia following thoracic surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

To evaluate the analgesic effects of intravenous magnesium in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) were systematically identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library from inception to May 1st, 2023. The primary outcome was the effect of intravenous magnesium on the severity of postoperative pain at 24 hours following surgery, while the secondary outcomes included association between intravenous magnesium and pain severity at other time points, morphine consumption, and haemodynamic changes.

Thrombomodulin Improves Cognitive Deficits in Heat-Stressed Mice.

Background: Thrombomodulin (TM) exerts anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects to improve the survival of patients with septic shock. Heat stroke resembles septic shock in many aspects. We tested whether TM would improve cognitive deficits and related causative factors in heat-stressed (HS) mice.

Leaf on a Film: Mesoporous Silica-Based Epoxy Composites with Superhydrophobic Biomimetic Surface Structure as Anti-Corrosion and Anti-Biofilm Coatings.

In this study, a series of amine-modified mesoporous silica (AMS)-based epoxy composites with superhydrophobic biomimetic structure surface of leaves (XSLs) were prepared and applied as anti-corrosion and anti-biofilm coatings. Initially, the AMS was synthesized by the base-catalyzed sol-gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and triethoxysilane (APTES) through a non-surfactant templating route. Subsequently, a series of AMS-based epoxy composites were prepared by performing the ring-opening polymerization of DGEBA with T-403 in the presence of AMS spheres, followed by characterization through FTIR, TEM, and CA.

The risk of herpes zoster is positively associated with obesity, especially morbid obesity.

This study aimed to investigate the association between obesity and herpes zoster (HZ) occurrence. This study used data covering 2 million people in Taiwan in 2000, which were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database. The cohort study observed aged 20-100 years with obesity from 2000 to 2017 (tracking to 2018).

Synergic effect of combined xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and ceftriaxone on acute septic arthritis.

Background: This study tested the hypothesis that combined ceftriaxone (Cef) and human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUCDMSCs) was better than either therapy for alleviating acute septic arthritis (ASA).

Methods And Results: Adult-male C57BL/6 mice were categorized into control group (Clt), group A (ASA only), group B [ASA + Cef (5 mg/kg, IM per day, at days 2 to 16 after ASA induction)], group C [ASA + HUCDMSCs (5 × 105 per mice at days 2, 3, 4 after ASA induction)], and group D (ASA + Cef + HUCDMSCs). Animals were euthanized by day 28.

Imbalance in RNA Editing Disrupts Dynamic Neuronal Activity and Olfactory Perception.

A-to-I RNA editing, catalyzed by the ADAR protein family, significantly contributes to the diversity and adaptability of mammalian RNA signatures, aligning with developmental and physiological needs. Yet, the functions of many editing sites are still to be defined. The gene stands out in this context due to its brain-specific expression and the evolutionary conservation of its codon-altering editing event.

Predicting sports performance of elite female football players through smart wearable measurement platform.

Recent development of information technology and wearable devices has led to the analysis of multidimensional sports information and the enhancement of athletes' sports performance convenient and potentially more efficient. In this study, we present a novel data platform tailored for capturing athletes' cognitive, physiological, and body composition data. This platform incorporates diverse visualization modes, enabling athletes and coaches to access data seamlessly.

An optimized ligation-mediated PCR method for chromosome walking and fusion gene chromosomal breakpoints identification.

Molecular techniques that recover unknown sequences next to a known sequence region have been widely applied in various molecular studies, such as chromosome walking, identification of the insertion site of transposon mutagenesis, fusion gene partner, and chromosomal breakpoints, as well as targeted sequencing library preparation. Although various techniques have been introduced for efficiency enhancement, searching for relevant single molecular event present in a large-sized genome remains challenging. Here, the optimized ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed and successfully identified chromosomal breakpoints far away from the exon of the new exon junction without the need for nested PCR.

PS23 increases ghrelin levels and modulates microbiota composition: a analysis of a randomized controlled study.

Muscle damage can occur due to excessive, high-intensity, or inappropriate exercise. It is crucial for athletes and sports enthusiasts to have access to ways that expedite their recovery and alleviate discomfort. Our previous clinical trial demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and muscle damage-ameliorating properties of PS23 (PS23), prompting us to further explore the role of this probiotic in muscle damage recovery.

Association between alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease: a population-based survey.

Background: Alcohol consumption is associated with both beneficial and harmful effects, and the role of alcohol consumption in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and CKD or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Methods: This study enrolled adults from the second Taiwanese Survey on Prevalences of Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, and Hyperlipidemia, conducted in 2007.

Association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and macular degeneration in patients with diabetes: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Aims: Evidence showed that SGLT2 inhibitors have greater protective effects against retinal diseases compared to other hypoglycemic agents. Thus, we explore the association between SGLT2 inhibitor usage and macular degeneration (MD) in Taiwanese patients with diabetes.

Methods: The National Health Insurance (NHI) program's claim data are released as the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Effect of 6-Week Sprint Training on Long-Distance Running Performance in Highly Trained Runners.

Purpose: Long-distance running performance has been reported to be associated with sprint performance in highly trained distance runners. Therefore, we hypothesized that sprint training could enhance distance running and sprint performance in long-distance runners. This study examined the effect of 6-week sprint training on long-distance running and sprint performance in highly trained distance runners.

Sexual minority identifiers and their perception of illicit drug use risks in the US: Results from a National Survey.

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between sexual identities and perception of risks associated with illicit drug use among a nationally representative sample of US adults.

Methods: We analyzed data from five waves of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, 2015-2019), with 205,418 adult participants. Six survey questions assessing participants' perceptions of the risks associated with illicit drug use (LSD, heroin, and cocaine) were subjected to principal component analysis.

Rosmarinic acid Ameliorates neuronal regeneration in the bridging silicone rubber conduits of the sciatic nerve in taxol-treated rats.

Background And Aim: Taxol modulates local inflammatory conditions in peripheral nerves, which may impair their regeneration and recovery when injured. This study aimed to determine the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA, a polyphenol constituent of many culinary herbs) on the regeneration of the sciatic nerves in the bridging conduits.

Experimental Procedure: In the cell study, RA decreased nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity induced by taxol in a dose dependency.

A simple and highly sensitive flexible sensor with extended-gate field-effect transistor for epinephrine detection utilizing InZnSnO sensing films.

This study introduces a straightforward method for depositing InZnSnO films onto flexible polyimide substrates at room temperature, enabling their application in electrochemical pH sensing and the detection of epinephrine. A comprehensive analysis of these sensing films, spanning structural, morphological, compositional, and profiling characteristics, was conducted using diverse techniques, including X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The investigation into the influence of oxygen flow rates on the performance of InZnSnO sensitive films revealed a significant correlation between their structural properties and sensing capabilities.

Associations between organic erectile dysfunction and the risk of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in men.

Background: Whether erectile dysfunction (ED) leads to considerable stress for affected men remains unclear? In this study, we investigated whether organic ED (OED) is associated with increased risks of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

Methods: A representative subset of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database was employed for this study. Enrollees with OED from the years 2000 to 2018 were selected.

Radon concentration in seawater as a geochemical indicator of submarine fault activity in the Yatsushiro Sea, Japan.

This study examined the relationship between radon (Rn) concentrations in seawater and crustal activity in the Yatsushiro Sea by investigating the submarine fault zone situated at the southern end of the Futagawa-Hinagu fault zone, activated by the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (M7.3). We conducted an analysis of Rn concentration in samples of bottom water just above the seafloor and pore water in sediments, utilizing multiple and piston cores from the Hakuho Maru Expedition KH18-3.

Supplementation with GKEX Combined with Resistance Exercise Training Improves Muscle Mass, Strength Performance, and Body Fat Condition in Healthy Humans.

In addition to maintaining good exercise and dietary habits, recent studies have shown that probiotics may have potential benefits for muscle mass and strength. It is worth noting that the effects may vary depending on the specific strains used. To date, no studies have analyzed the effects of in this context.

Potato protein hydrolysate inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast development by inhibiting osteoclastogenic genes via the NF-κB/MAPKs signaling pathways.

In recent times, there has been growing attention towards exploring the nutritional and functional aspects of potato protein, along with its diverse applications. In the present study, we examined the anti-osteoclast properties of potato protein hydrolysate (PP902) in vitro. Murine macrophages (RAW264.

A meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: Randomized sham-controlled trials were identified in major databases from January 1990 to January 2023. The primary outcome was overall improvement in ADHD symptoms.