HLA-DR regulatory T cells and IL-10 are associated with success or failure of desensitization outcomes.

Background: Omalizumab (XOLAIR®)-assisted multi-food oral immunotherapy (mOIT) has been shown to safely, effectively, and rapidly desensitize patients with multiple food allergies. In our clinical trial (NCT02626611) on omalizumab-assisted mOIT, different desensitization outcomes (success or failure of desensitization) were observed following a period of either continued or discontinued mOIT. However, the association between the immunological changes induced by omalizumab-assisted mOIT and desensitization outcomes has not yet been fully elucidated.

Asthma management in the digital age.

Asthma affects 25 million people in the United States, and its prevalence is increasing. Access to care and adherence to prescribed asthma-treatment programs remain the principal formidable challenges for asthma management. Telemedicine offers substantial opportunities for improved asthma care of patients across the full range of socioeconomic strata.

[Component-resolved diagnosis: enhancing precision diagnosis and clinical management of shellfish allergies].

Shellfish, being one of the eight major food allergens, affects approximately 3% of the global population. The occurrence of shellfish allergy is not only related to the individual's immune system sensitivity but is also influenced by geographical environment, food availability, and dietary habits. Although crustaceans (such as shrimp, crab, and lobster) and mollusks (such as oysters, mussels, and squid) are collectively referred to as shellfish, they exhibit significant differences in biological evolution and the spectrum of allergenic molecules they contain, leading to various allergic reactions.

A Streamlined Strategy for Basophil Activation Testing in a Multicenter Phase III Clinical Trial.

Background: The basophil activation test (BAT) has been limited to research settings owing to technical issues. Novel approaches using dry, ready-to-use reagents and streamlined protocols offer greater flexibility and may open opportunities for easier implementation in clinical research.

Objective: Using a streamlined basophil activation test (sBAT) strategy and the settings of the baseline study of the Epicutaneous Immunotherapy in Toddlers with Peanut Allergy (EPITOPE) trial of EPicutaneous ImmunoTherapy, we aimed to assess the feasibility of implementing BAT in a multicenter trial and to evaluate its utility in predicting the outcomes of peanut double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC).

Pollen-Food Allergy Syndrome: From Food Avoidance to Deciphering the Potential Cross-Reactivity between Pru p 3 and Ole e 7.

Background: Cross-reactivity between nonspecific lipid transfer proteins could cause anaphylaxis, further influencing food avoidance and nutrient deficiencies. The one affecting olive pollen (Ole e 7) and peach (Pru p 3) may underlie a variety of pollen-food syndromes, though a deep molecular analysis is necessary.

Methods: Three Ole e 7-monosensitised patients (MON_OLE), three Pru p 3-monosensitised patients (MON_PRU) and three bisensitised patients (BI) were selected.

The public health burden of parent-reported food allergy-related missed school days among US children.

Background: Food allergy (FA) is a common chronic condition among U.S. children.

Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report.

Background: Consumption of ultra-processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated.

Fish and shellfish allergy: Presentation and management differences in the UK and US-analysis of 945 patients.

Background: Seafood allergy (SA), including allergy to shellfish (crustacean and mollusks) and fish, is among the 4 most common food allergies causing anaphylaxis, but there are limited data showing SA clinical management in different countries.

Objective: We sought to characterize a large cohort of patients with fish and shellfish allergy and to facilitate standardization of future care for this increasingly common allergic disease.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational, noninterventional study from 945 patients from 2015 to 2019 in 7 hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom to evaluate SA.

Impaired calcium influx underlies skewed T helper cell differentiation in children with IgE-mediated food allergies.

Background: Reasons for Th2 skewing in IgE-mediated food allergies remains unclear. Clinical observations suggest impaired T cell activation may drive Th2 responses evidenced by increased atopic manifestations in liver transplant patients on tacrolimus (a calcineurin inhibitor). We aimed to assess differentiation potential, T cell activation and calcium influx of naïve CD4 T cells in children with IgE-mediated food allergies.

Peanut-specific IgG subclasses as biomarkers of peanut allergy in LEAP study participants.

Antigen-specific IgG2 and IgG3 are rarely measured in food allergy clinical trials despite known function in preventing mast cell and basophil activation. Our objective was to determine whether measuring peanut-specific IgG2 and IgG3 levels would correlate with peanut allergy status. Peanut-specific IgG subclasses were measured via ELISA assays in Learning Early About Peanut allergy (LEAP) trial participants at 5 years of age and were correlated with peanut allergy vs peanut sensitization vs non-peanut allergic and peanut consumption vs peanut avoidance.

Integrating Social Determinants of Health in Critical Care.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDOHs) mediate outcomes of critical illness. Increasingly, professional organizations recommend screening for social risks. Yet, how clinicians should identify and then incorporate SDOHs into acute care practice is poorly defined.

Association between phthalate exposure and risk of allergic rhinitis in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Phthalates are ubiquitous in diverse environments and have been linked to a myriad of detrimental health outcomes. However, the association between phthalate exposure and allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between phthalate exposure and childhood AR risk.

antigen-reactive Th17 cells are enriched in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in severe equine asthma.

Introduction: Equine asthma (EA) is a common disease of adult horses with chronic respiratory pathology and common neutrophilic airway inflammation. It presents with hyperreactivity to hay dust components such as molds, and underlying dysregulated T cell responses have been suggested. Thus far, T cells have been analysed in EA with conflicting results and the antigen reactivity of T cells has not been demonstrated.

World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines update - XVI - Nutritional management of cow's milk allergy.

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common presentations of food allergy in early childhood. Management of CMA involves individualized avoidance of cow's milk and other mammalian milk and foods containing these. Optimal elimination of cow's milk avoidance includes: label reading; information about safe and nutritious substitute foods; appropriate choice of infant formula or a plant-based food; establishing tolerance to baked milk and monitoring nutritional intake and growth.