Center-Based Childcare Access to Health Screenings and Developmental Assessments in U.S. Children from Birth to Five.

Objective: To examine the odds of children aged 0-5 in center-based childcare programs receiving referrals for health screenings and developmental assessments, controlling for children's races/ethnicities and provider and program factors.

Methods: We conducted secondary analyses using the 2019 National Survey for Early Care and Education (NSECE) Center-based Provider survey. We used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate referral odds for health screenings and developmental assessments from centers without these services onsite.

Lipid Lowering Therapy Utilization and Lipid Goal Attainment in Women.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current status of lipid-lowering therapy utilization and lipid goal attainment in women. We focus on lipid-lowering therapy in individuals with and without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as familial hypercholesterolemia. Additionally, this review aims to explore the underlying mechanisms driving these sex differences and to identify existing knowledge gaps in this area.

Patterns of willingness to share health data with key stakeholders in US consumers: a latent class analysis.

Objective: To identify distinct patterns in consumer willingness to share health data with various stakeholders and analyze characteristics across consumer groups.

Materials And Methods: Data from the Rock Health Digital Health Consumer Adoption Survey from 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022 were analyzed. This study comprised a Census-matched representative sample of U.

Impact of a clinician-directed educational program on communicating with patients regarding gun violence at two community urban healthcare centers.

Context: Gun violence negatively impacts not only victims but also their families and surrounding communities. Resources and counseling services may be available to support families affected by gun violence, but the families and their clinicians may not know about these resources or how to access them.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of a clinician-directed educational program on patient reports of their discussions with their physician regarding gun violence, prevention, and available resources for support and treatment.

Policy Recommendations to Support Equitable Access to Long-Acting Injectables for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention and Treatment: A Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medicine Association.

Long-acting injectables (LAIs) for HIV prevention and treatment could dramatically improve health outcomes and health equity for people with HIV and those who could benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis. Despite widespread acceptability and demand by providers and potential users of LAIs, implementation has been extremely limited since the introduction of cabotegravir/rilpivirine, the first LAI for HIV treatment, in January 2021, and long-acting cabotegravir, the first LAI for HIV prevention, in December 2021. We report results of a provider survey, conducted by the HIV Medicine Association, which identified LAI implementation barriers related to health insurance processes, staffing and administrative support, drug costs and acquisition, and access for individuals who are uninsured.

Co-Producing Peritoneal Dialysis Nursing Sensitive Indicators for Quality Care: A Multinational Consensus Building Design.

Background: Nursing sensitive indicators are a way of measuring aspects of patient care that are most affected by the actions of the nurse. Despite the existence of nursing sensitive indicators, these are largely not suitable to measure peritoneal dialysis nursing practice.

Objective: This project aimed to co-develop a set of peritoneal dialysis nursing-sensitive indicators.

CCN5 suppresses injury-induced vascular restenosis by inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and facilitating endothelial repair via thymosin β4 and Cd9 pathway.

Background And Aims: Members of the CCN matricellular protein family are crucial in various biological processes. This study aimed to characterize vascular cell-specific effects of CCN5 on neointimal formation and its role in preventing in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: Stent-implanted porcine coronary artery RNA-seq and mouse injury-induced femoral artery neointima single-cell RNA sequencing were performed.

Advance care planning intervention in chronic kidney care: A qualitative evaluation.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease and their families request early and continuous advance care planning. Based on user involvement, an advance care planning intervention was developed to support patients, family members and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in advance care planning conversations in a nephrology outpatient setting.

Objective: To explore the experiences and perceptions of an advance care planning intervention among patients with chronic kidney disease, family members and healthcare professionals.

The Association Between the Quality of Care Provided by Family Members and the Quality of Their Relationship With the Care Receiver in Dementia: A Mixed-methods Observational Study.

Research suggests that the quality of care provided by family members may be influenced by the quality of relationship they have with the person living with dementia. The study investigated this in the context of assisting with daily activities. The quality of the relationship was assessed using the conceptual framework of relationship continuity/discontinuity which focuses on whether the carer experiences their relationship as continuous or discontinuous with the pre-dementia relationship.

Addressing Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry: Comparing the Use of Melatonin, Trazodone, and Doxepin.

Introduction Sleep disorders are prevalent among psychiatric patients, and pharmacological treatments such as melatonin, trazodone, and doxepin are commonly prescribed. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and acceptability of these three medications in improving sleep quality and reducing daytime drowsiness in psychiatric patients. Methodology A total of 175 psychiatric patients with sleep disturbances participated in this cohort study at the Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.

A Unique Simulation Methodology for Practicing Clinical Decision Making.

Background: While bedside teaching offers invaluable clinical experience, its availability is limited. Challenges such as a shortage of clinical placements and qualified teaching physicians, coupled with increasing medical student numbers, exacerbate this issue. Simulation-based learning encompasses varied educational values and has the potential to serve as an important tool in medical students' education.

Development and Delivery of Enhanced Implementation Support to Disseminate a National Caregiver Skills Training Program.

Background And Objectives: As the population ages there is an increasing need for caregiver training programs, but little is known about how to deliver implementation support for diverse sites in large-scale implementation efforts. External group-based implementation facilitation may be one promising approach. This study's objective is to detail the development and delivery of a pragmatic implementation facilitation approach to support the national rollout of caregiver training, Caregivers FIRST, at over 140 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) sites.

The gut microbiome and cross-reactivity of food allergens: current understanding, insights, and future directions.

This mini-review examines the emerging role of the gut microbiome in influencing food allergen cross-reactivity. It specifically focuses on how microbial diversity, antigens, and metabolites impact IgE-mediated allergic responses. Cross-reactivity occurs when structurally similar food and microbial antigens trigger hypersensitivities, affecting millions of people worldwide.

A gut instinct for childhood leukemia prevention: microbiome-targeting recommendations aimed at parents and caregivers.

Childhood leukemia accounts for 30% of all pediatric cancer cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) being the most common subtype. Involvement of the gut microbiome in ALL development has recently garnered interest due to an increasing recognition of the key contribution the microbiome plays in maintaining the immune system's homeostatic balance. Commensal gut microbiota provide a first line of defense against different pathogens and gut microbiome immaturity has been implicated in ALL pathogenesis.

Addressing the overuse of hospital emergency departments in the Portuguese NHS: a new paradigm.

The escalating trend of inappropriate visits to Emergency Departments (ED) has led to significant concerns, including resource misallocation, compromised patient care, and an increased burden on healthcare workers. Portugal faces a notable challenge, reporting one of the highest ED visit rates, with an annual average of approximately 6 million ED visits from 2013 to 2023. In response, the "Call First, Save Lives" pilot project was launched by the Portuguese NHS Executive Board, in 2023, at the Local Health Unit (LHU) of Póvoa de Varzim/Vila do Conde.

PEARL: Protein Eluting Alginate with Recombinant Lactobacilli.

Engineered living materials (ELMs) made of bacteria in hydrogels have shown considerable promise for therapeutic applications through controlled and sustained release of complex biopharmaceuticals at low costs and with reduced wastage. While most therapeutic ELMs use E. coli due to its large genetic toolbox, most live biotherapeutic bacteria in development are lactic acid bacteria due to native health benefits they offer.

Food supply toxicants and additives alter the gut microbiota and risk of metabolic disease.

Metabolic disease is rising along with both global industrialization and the use of new commercial, agricultural, and industrial chemicals and food additives. Exposure to these compounds may contribute to aspects of metabolic disease such as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. Ingesting compounds in the food supply is a key route of human exposure, resulting in the interaction between toxicants or additives and the intestinal microbiota.

Achievements and Approaches in the Search for Small-Molecule Dengue NS2B/NS3 Inhibitors.

With the escalation of viral infections in recent decades, including the COVID- 19 pandemic, viral infectious diseases have increasingly become a global concern, attracting significant attention. Among many viral epidemics, the dengue virus, an RNA virus from the Flaviviridae family, has been reported by the WHO as one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne diseases, infecting roughly 400 million people yearly and spreading across all continents worldwide. In the last two decades, researchers from academia and industry have diligently studied many aspects of the virus, including its structure, life cycle, potential therapeutic agents, and vaccines.

Shaping the future rural healthcare landscape: perspectives of young healthcare professionals.

Introduction: Rural communities continue to struggle to access quality healthcare services. Even in countries where the majority of the population live in rural and remote areas, resources are concentrated in big cities, and this is continuing. As a result, countries with the highest proportion of rural residents correlate with the poorest access, which has negative implications for the health and wellbeing of people.

A descriptive analysis of nurses' self-reported mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international study.

Aim: To describe the self-reported mental health of nurses from 35 countries who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: There is little occupationally specific data about nurses' mental health worldwide. Studies have documented the impact on nurses' mental health of the COVID-19 pandemic, but few have baseline referents.

Impact of family socio-economic status on the prognosis of heart transplantation in children.

Background: Low family socio-economic status is a known factor that can contribute to increased mortality for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, in developing countries, the prognostic impact of socio-economic level on pediatric HTx is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of children younger than 18 years who underwent heart transplantation (HTx) at our center from October 1, 2005, to May 31, 2023.

Identifying households with children who have complex needs: a segmentation model for integrated care systems.

Background: Adversity in childhood is increasing in the United Kingdom. Complex health and social problems affecting children cluster in families where adults also have high need, but services are rarely aligned to support the whole family. Household level segmentation can help identify households most needing integrated support.

Retrospective evaluation of patients admitted to the intensive care unit due to obstetric reasons in terms of maternal near-miss, a five-year case-control study.

Background: Maternal Near-Miss (MNM) has become globally recognized as an indicator of pregnancy, birth and the first 42 days of postpartum care services. The World Health Organization has taken a new approach to detail and better analyze maternal deaths. The clinic-based criteria to evaluate maternal care and the quality of related care services have been developed.

Determinants of future anxiety across individual, household, and regional levels in South Korea using a social ecological model.

This study is the first to examine the determinants of future anxiety in South Korea using the Social Ecological Model (SEM). It aimed to show that, beyond individual factors, mezzo- and macro-level aspects, particularly those related to housing, may influence anxiety. Utilizing 2018 data from the Korean Health Panel Survey, we employed a three-level multilevel analysis to investigate how these factors contribute to the perception of future anxiety among Koreans.