Risk willingness in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease understanding patient preferences.

Disease-modifying therapeutics in the α-synucleinopathies multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are in early phases of clinical testing. Involving patients' preferences including therapy-associated risk willingness in initial stages of therapy development has been increasingly pursued in regulatory approval processes. In our study with 49 MSA and 38 PD patients, therapy-associated risk willingness was quantified using validated standard gamble scenarios for varying severities of potential drug or surgical side effects.

Short-term exposure to indoor artificial light at night during sleep impairs cardiac autonomic function of young healthy adults in China.

The artificial light at night (ALAN) exposure has emerged as a significant environmental and public health concern globally. However, there is far less evidence on the health effects of indoor ALAN than on outdoor ALAN. Moreover, evidence on cardiovascular effects of indoor ALAN is more limited.

PM2.5 triggers tau aggregation in a mouse model of tauopathy.

The aggregation and prion-like propagation of tau are the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the assembly and spread of tau pathology remain elusive. Epidemiological data show that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.

Synergistic governance: China's roadmap to improved health through climate and clean air actions.

•Health benefits from China's pollution-carbon co-control actions have already been seen.•Co-control of air pollution and greenhouse gases can avoid premature deaths.•More comparative evaluations of the health impacts of specific policies are needed.

Choices of morbidity outcomes and concentration-response functions for health risk assessment of long-term exposure to air pollution.

Background: Air pollution health risk assessment (HRA) has been typically conducted for all causes and cause-specific mortality based on concentration-response functions (CRFs) from meta-analyses that synthesize the evidence on air pollution health effects. There is a need for a similar systematic approach for HRA for morbidity outcomes, which have often been omitted from HRA of air pollution, thus underestimating the full air pollution burden. We aimed to compile from the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses CRFs for the incidence of several diseases that could be applied in HRA.

Burden of Child Anemia Attributable to Fine Particulate Matters Brought by Sand Dusts in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Addressing environmental factors has recently been recommended to curb the growing trend of anemia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Fine particulate matter (PM) generated by dust storms were concentrated in place with a high prevalence of anemia. In a multicounty, multicenter study, we analyzed the association between anemia and life-course averaged exposure to dust PM among children aged <5 years based on 0.

Ambient ultrafine particles exacerbate oxygen desaturation during sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: New insights into the effect spectrum of ultrafine particles on susceptible populations.

The health effects of ultrafine particles (UFPs) are of growing global concern, but the epidemiological evidence remains limited. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) characterized by hypoxemia is a prevalent condition linked to many debilitating chronic diseases. However, the role of UFPs in the development of SDB is lacking.

Development of a targeted method for DNA adductome and its application as sensitive biomarkers of ambient air pollution exposure.

DNA adducts are widely recognized as biomarkers of exposure to environmental carcinogens and associated health effects in toxicological and epidemiological studies. This study presents a targeted and sensitive method for comprehensive DNA adductome analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). The method was developed using calf thymus DNA, with careful optimization of mass spectrometric parameters, chromatographic separation conditions, and pretreatment methods.

An overview for monitoring and prediction of pathogenic microorganisms in the atmosphere.

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exerted a profound adverse impact on human health. Studies have demonstrated that aerosol transmission is one of the major transmission routes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pathogenic microorganisms such as SARS-CoV-2 can survive in the air and cause widespread infection among people.

An exploration of urban air health navigation system based on dynamic exposure risk forecast of ambient PM2.5.

Under international advocacy for a low-carbon and healthy lifestyle, ambient PM2.5 pollution poses a dilemma for urban residents who wish to engage in outdoor exercise and adopt active low-carbon commuting. In this study, an Urban Air Health Navigation System (UAHNS) was designed and proposed to assist users by recommending routes with the least PM2.

Glycerophospholipid metabolism changes association with ozone exposure.

Exposure to ozone (O) has been associated with cardiovascular outcomes in humans, yet the underlying mechanisms of the adverse effect remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the association between O exposure and glycerophospholipid metabolism in healthy young adults. We quantified plasma concentrations of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) using a UPLC-MS/MS system.

Reduced human fecundity attributable to ambient fine particles in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) has been associated with reduced human fecundity. However, the attributable burden has not been estimated for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the exposure-response function between PM and the infertility rate has been insufficiently studied.

Objective: This study examined the associations between long-term exposure to PM and human fecundity indicators, namely the expected time to pregnancy (TTP) and 12-month infertility rate (IR), and then estimated PM-attributable burden of infertility in LMICs.

Multilevel Screening Strategy to Identify the Hydrophobic Organic Components of Ambient PM Associated with Hepatocellular Steatosis.

Hepatic steatosis is the first step in a series of events that drives hepatic disease and has been considerably associated with exposure to fine particulate matter (PM). Although the chemical constituents of particles matter in the negative health effects, the specific components of PM that trigger hepatic steatosis remain unclear. New strategies prioritizing the identification of the key components with the highest potential to cause adverse effects among the numerous components of PM are needed.

Associations of incident female breast cancer with long-term exposure to PM and its constituents: Findings from a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China.

This study aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) and its constituents (black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH), nitrate (NO), organic matter (OM), inorganic sulfate (SO)) and incident female breast cancer in Beijing, China. Data from a prospective cohort comprising 85,504 women enrolled in the National Urban Cancer Screening Program in Beijing (2013-2019) and the Tracking Air Pollution in China dataset are used. Monthly exposures were aggregated to calculate 5-year average concentrations to indicate long-term exposure.

and Biotransformation Profiling of 6PPD-Quinone toward Their Detection in Human Urine.

The antioxidant -(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-'-phenyl--phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its oxidized quinone product 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) in rubber have attracted attention due to the ecological risk that they pose. Both 6PPD and 6PPD-Q have been detected in various environments that humans cohabit. However, to date, a clear understanding of the biotransformation of 6PPD-Q and a potential biomarker for exposure in humans are lacking.

Fine particulate matter exposure and systemic inflammation: A potential mediating role of bioactive lipids.

Inflammation is a key mechanism underlying the adverse health effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM). Bioactive lipids in the arachidonic acid (ARA) pathway are important in the regulation of inflammation and are reportedly altered by PM exposure. Ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), a class of sphingolipids, is required to initiate ARA metabolism.

Using histopathology latent diffusion models as privacy-preserving dataset augmenters improves downstream classification performance.

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) have emerged as a state-of-the-art image generation method, outperforming previous Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in terms of training stability and image quality. In computational pathology, generative models are valuable for data sharing and data augmentation. However, the impact of LDM-generated images on histopathology tasks compared to traditional GANs has not been systematically studied.

Long-term exposure to major constituents of fine particulate matter and neurodegenerative diseases: A population-based survey in the Pearl River Delta Region, China.

Background: Exposure to PM has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, with limited understanding of constituent-specific contributions.

Objectives: To explore the associations between long-term exposure to PM constituents and neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods: We recruited 148,274 individuals aged ≥ 60 from four cities in the Pearl River Delta region, China (2020 to 2021).

Optimizing a twin-chamber system for direct ozone production rate measurement.

High Ozone Production Rate (OPR) leads to O pollution episodes and adverse human health outcomes. OPR observation (Obs-OPR) and OPR modelling (Mod-OPR) have been obtained from observed and modelled peroxy radicals and nitrogen oxides. However, discrepancies between them remind of an imperfect understanding of O photochemistry.

Multi-scenario PM2.5 distribution and dynamic exposure assessment of university community residents: Development and application of intelligent health risk management system integrated low-cost sensors.

Exposure scenario and receptor behavior significantly affect PM2.5 exposure quantity of persons and resident groups, which in turn influenced indoor or outdoor air quality & health management. An Internet of Things (IoT) system, EnvironMax+, was developed to accurately and conveniently assess residential dynamic PM2.

Cardiorespiratory effects of indoor ozone exposure during sleep and the influencing factors: A prospective study among adults in China.

Ambient ozone (O) is recognized as a significant air pollutant with implications for cardiorespiratory health, yet the effects of indoor O exposure have received less consideration. Furthermore, while sleep occupies one-third of life, research on the health consequences of O exposure during this crucial period is scarce. This study aimed to investigate associations of indoor O during sleep with cardiorespiratory function and potential predisposing factors.