ATF4-dependent increase in mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum tethering following OPA1 deletion in skeletal muscle.

Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCs) are protein- and lipid-enriched hubs that mediate interorganellar communication by contributing to the dynamic transfer of Ca, lipid, and other metabolites between these organelles. Defective MERCs are associated with cellular oxidative stress, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiac and skeletal muscle pathology via mechanisms that are poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that skeletal muscle-specific knockdown (KD) of the mitochondrial fusion mediator optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) induced ER stress and correlated with an induction of Mitofusin-2, a known MERC protein.

Efficacy and Safety of Omarigliptin, a Novel Once-Weekly Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Backgruound: No recent meta-analysis has holistically analyzed and summarized the efficacy and safety of omarigliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a meta-analysis to address this knowledge gap.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included patients with T2DM who received omarigliptin in the intervention arm.

Efficacy and Safety of Ultra-rapid Lispro Insulin in Managing Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Mechanistically, subcutaneous ultra-rapid lispro (URLi) is faster than lispro. Whether this translates into a better post-prandial glucose (PPG) and glycemic control in type-1 diabetes (T1DM) and type-2 diabetes (T2DM) is unclear. Hence, we undertook this meta-analysis.

Association between comorbidities associated with diabetes and higher-level functional status in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross sectional study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between comorbidities associated with diabetes and higher-level functional status as well as the relationship between comorbidities associated with diabetes and higher-level functional status in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have better social networks.

Methods: Participants were outpatients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 65 years, excluding individuals with severe cardiovascular or respiratory illness, hyperglycaemic crisis, type 1 diabetes, or diabetic foot. The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) was used to evaluate the higher-level functional status.

Impact of early initiation of ezetimibe in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Scant data is available on the efficacy and safety of adding ezetimibe to high-intensity statin therapy for early and rapid reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) within 4-12 weeks of an acute-event in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We undertook this meta-analysis to address this knowledge-gap.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving patients with ACS receiving ezetimibe in intervention arm, and placebo/active comparator in control arm.

Clinical characteristics of adolescent-onset gout in Chinese: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: Adolescent-onset gout has a greater impact on the lives and health of patients than adult-onset gout. However, there is a relative lack of clinical information on adolescent-onset gout. Hence, we analyzed a Chinese cohort.

Associations of Osteoarthritis with Prevalence and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease over 10 Years in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.

Introduction: The data are limited for the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in community-based older populations and whether there is sex difference. This study aimed to examine the relationship between OA and prevalence and incidence of CVD over 10 years in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Data on self-reported OA, high cholesterol, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes were collected from 1,025 community-dwelling participants aged 70-90 years in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.

Polyautoimmunity in Patients With Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody-Positive and -Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Nationwide Cohort Study From Denmark.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence and incidence of polyautoimmunity between anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)-positive and anti-CCP-negative patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: In a nationwide register-based cohort study, patients with RA (disease duration ≤ 2 yrs) in the DANBIO rheumatology register with an available anti-CCP test in the Register of Laboratory Results for Research were identified. The polyautoimmunity outcome included 21 nonrheumatic autoimmune diseases identified by linkage between the Danish Patient Registry and Prescription Registry.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2) in frail or older people with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) reduce cardio-metabolic and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) but their efficacy and safety in older or frail individuals remains unclear.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRA and Google Scholar and selected randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing SGLT2Is versus placebo/other glucose-lowering agent for people with frailty or older individuals (>65 years) with T2D and heart failure (HF). Extracted data on the change in HbA1c % and safety outcomes were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis model.

Challenges in Delivering Effective Care for Older Persons with Fragility Fractures.

Fragility fractures occur because of low-impact trauma or even spontaneously in individuals with osteoporosis. Caring for older persons with fragility fractures can present several challenges due to the unique needs and vulnerabilities of this population. Older individuals commonly have multiple medical conditions, such as osteoporosis, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.

All-cause, premature, and cardiovascular death attributable to socioeconomic and ethnic disparities among New Zealanders with type 1 diabetes 1994-2019: a multi-linked population-based cohort study.

Background: New Zealand (NZ) research into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mortality can inform policy and future research. In this study we aimed to quantify the magnitude to which ethnicity and socioeconomic disparities influenced mortality at the population level among people with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in Auckland, New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: The cohort data were derived from the primary care diabetes audit program the Diabetes Care Support Service (DCSS), and linked with national primary care, pharmaceutical claims, hospitalisation, and death registration databases.

ARMC5 controls the degradation of most Pol II subunits, and ARMC5 mutation increases neural tube defect risks in mice and humans.

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are caused by genetic and environmental factors. ARMC5 is part of a novel ubiquitin ligase specific for POLR2A, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II).

Results: We find that ARMC5 knockout mice have increased incidence of NTDs, such as spina bifida and exencephaly.

Impact of Enhanced External Counter-pulsation Therapy on Glycaemic Control in People With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

: Enhanced external counter-pulsation (EECP) therapy is approved for refractory angina in coronary artery disease (CAD). EECP is being explored as a treatment modality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). : The Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (PubMed), ClinicaltTrials.

Safety and tolerability of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in children and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been evaluated in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and several other nondiabetic conditions. Potential tolerability issues have prevented the routine use of SGLT2i in children with diabetes. However, no meta-analysis to date has evaluated the safety and tolerability of SGLT2i in children.

Randomised trial of genetic testing and targeted intervention to prevent the development and progression of Paget's disease of bone.

Introduction: Paget's disease of bone (PDB) frequently presents at an advanced stage with irreversible skeletal damage. Clinical outcomes might be improved by earlier diagnosis and prophylactic treatment.

Methods: We randomised 222 individuals at increased risk of PDB because of pathogenic variants to receive 5 mg zoledronic acid (ZA) or placebo.

Role of Novel Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Analogue Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Polyethylene glycol loxenatide (peg-loxenatide) is a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist developed and available for clinical use in China. This meta-analysis was performed as no meta-analysis has analysed the efficacy and safety of peg-loxenatide in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Electronic databases were systematically reviewed for RCTs having patients living with T2DM receiving peg-loxenatide in treatment arm and placebo/any other diabetes medicine in control arm.

Health Inequality in Eight Adverse Outcomes Over a 25-Year Period in a Multi-Ethnic Population in New Zealand Population with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and/or Impaired Fasting Glucose: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.

Purpose: We aimed to examine socioeconomic inequality (SI) in cause-specific outcomes among adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in New Zealand (NZ) over 25 years.

Patients And Methods: A population-based open cohort was derived from Diabetes Care Support Service in NZ with national databases linkage. Patients aged ≥18 years with IGT and/or IFG were enrolled between 01/01/1994 and 31/07/2018 and followed up until death or 31/12/2018.

Behavioral health outcomes and social determinants of health in children with diabetes and juvenile arthritis.

Objective: Children with chronic illnesses, including arthritis, are at increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Comparing psychosocial outcomes in families affected by juvenile arthritis compared to other chronic illnesses may help identify areas in need of special attention vs areas that may be addressed through adopting other disease examples' care models. We examined child and parent behavioral health outcomes for families with juvenile arthritis compared to diabetes, accounting for SDOH.

Hyperprolactinemia Due to Prolactinoma has an Adverse Impact on Bone Health with Predominant Impact on Trabecular Bone: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: No meta-analysis has holistically analysed and summarized the effect of prolactin excess due to prolactinomas on bone mineral metabolism. We undertook this meta-analysis to address this knowledge-gap.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies having patients with hyperprolactinemia due to prolactinoma and the other being a matched control group.

COVID-19 breakthrough infections in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study by the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) Group.

To investigate the frequency, profile, and severity of COVID-19 breakthrough infections (BI) in patients with type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to healthy controls (HC) after vaccination. The second COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD-2) survey is a multinational cross-sectional electronic survey which has collected data on patients suffering from various autoimmune diseases including T1DM. We performed a subgroup analysis on this cohort to investigate COVID-19 BI characteristics in patients with T1DM.

Age-dependent genetic regulation of osteoarthritis: independent effects of immune system genes.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease with a heritable component. Genetic loci identified via genome-wide association studies (GWAS) account for an estimated 26.3% of the disease trait variance in humans.

Standardising personalised diabetes care across European health settings: A person-centred outcome set agreed in a multinational Delphi study.

Objective: Standardised person-reported outcomes (PRO) data can contextualise clinical outcomes enabling precision diabetes monitoring and care. Comprehensive outcome sets can guide this process, but their implementation in routine diabetes care has remained challenging and unsuccessful at international level. We aimed to address this by developing a person-centred outcome set for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, using a methodology with prospects for increased implementability and sustainability in international health settings.