A case of amusia with beat deafness and apraxia of speech.

After experiencing two ischemic brain attacks, a 40-year-old, right-handed, female amateur cello player developed apraxia of speech (AOS) and amusia, especially on the aspect of the beat. Her tempo became gradually faster, but while playing, she could not recognize that. When she listened to her own recorded performances, she could identify the differences immediately and precisely.

A diffusion kurtosis imaging study of the relationship between whole brain microstructure and cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Background: The association of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with microstructure of individual regions across the entire brain remains unexplored.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between cognitive function and the microstructure of each brain region in the gray matter using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which is the transitional stage before the onset of dementia.

Material And Methods: DKI and MMSE were obtained for 34 older adults with MCI and 16 cognitively normal (CN) individuals aged 65-85 years.

Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Are Independently Associated with High Pulse Wave Velocity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated an association between pulse wave velocity (PWV), cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), and cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the association between brachial-ankle PWV and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS), one component of cerebral SVD remains controversial.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between brachial-ankle PWV and EPVS severity in participants without dementia.

A case of suspected autoimmune encephalopathy with involuntary movements and cognitive dysfunction post-COVID-19.

Background: We report a case of suspected autoimmune encephalopathy with involuntary movements and concomitant cognitive dysfunction after COVID-19.

Case Presentation: The patient is a male in his 20s who presented with fever and generalized involuntary movements and was diagnosed with COVID-19. The involuntary movements improved slightly, and the fever resolved within a week of the diagnosis.

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia and Mortality Risk Among People With Cognitive Impairment: An 8-year Longitudinal Study From the NCGG-STORIES.

Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common among people with dementia from the early stages and can appear even in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the prognostic impact of BPSD is unclear. This study examined the association between BPSD and mortality among people with cognitive impairment.

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Periodontal Disease and Cognitive Impairment Conducted in a Memory Clinic: The Pearl Study.

Background: Periodontal disease (PeD) is a risk factor of Alzheimer's disease and is associated with cognitive decline in older adults. However, the relationships between subitems of neuropsychological tests and PeD have not been fully clarified.

Objective: To evaluate associations between PeD and subitems of neuropsychological tests.

Relationship between tinnitus and olfactory dysfunction: audiovisual, olfactory, and medical examinations.

Introduction: Sensory dysfunctions and cognitive impairments are related to each other. Although a relationship between tinnitus and subjective olfactory dysfunction has been reported, there have been no reports investigating the relationship between tinnitus and olfactory test results.

Methods: To investigate the relationship between tinnitus and olfactory test results, we conducted sensory tests, including hearing and visual examinations.

Mortality Risks and Causes of Death by Dementia Types in a Japanese Cohort with Dementia: NCGG-STORIES.

Background: Prognosis-related information regarding dementia needs to be updated, as changes in medical and long-term care environments for patients with dementia in recent decades may be improving the prognosis of the disease.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the mortality, cause of death, and prognostic factors by types of dementia in a Japanese clinic-based cohort.

Methods: The National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Life Stories of People with Dementia consists of clinical records and prognostic data of patients who visited the Memory Clinic in Japan.

Challenging Cases of Neurocognitive Disorders.

Dementia is broadly defined by DSM-V as cognitive decline from a previous level that impacts the patient's functioning at work or play. This broad definition does not provide information about the underlying disease process, an aspect of clinical care that is of increasing importance, as therapeutic development inches closer to effective disease-modifying treatments. The most common neurodegenerative dementias include Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, and Parkinson's disease dementia.

Relationship between the Responsiveness of Amyloid β Protein to Platelet Activation by TRAP Stimulation and Brain Atrophy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

Type 2 DM is a risk factor for dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is associated with brain atrophy. Amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition in the brain parenchyma is implicated in the neurodegeneration that occurs in AD. Platelets, known as abundant storage of Aβ, are recognized to play important roles in the onset and progression of AD.

Relationship between cognitive domains and hearing ability in memory clinic patients: How did the relationship change after 6 months of introducing a hearing aid?

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between hearing ability and cognitive domains and determine how the relationship changes after 6 months of introducing a hearing aid.

Methods: We conducted a 6-month hearing aid lending study between September 2014 and March 2019, including 59 older participants who visited the Memory Clinic at the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology. The hearing level was assessed using pure tone audiometry.

Cognitive impairment is correlated with olfactory identification deficits in older Japanese adults: A cross-sectional study using objective and subjective olfactory measures.

Aim: Olfactory impairment is associated with cognitive impairment. However, differences between subjective and objective olfactory impairment measurements in older adults and their relationship with cognitive impairment are unclear.

Methods: We assessed the relationship between cognitive and olfactory impairments via a single-center observational study in 2020.

Relationship of creatinine cystatin C ratio with muscle mass and grip strength in memory clinic outpatients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR) with hand grip strength (HGS), total body muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in patients attending a memory clinic.

Design: This cross-sectional study enrolled outpatients of a memory clinic in Japan from October 2010 to July 2017.

Setting And Participants: We enrolled 1945 participants aged 60 years or older with measured skeletal muscle mass, HGS, and serum creatinine and serum cystatin C levels.

Factors Associated with Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia during COVID-19.

(1) Background: Preventive measures to control the spread of COVID-19 are essential, but they often cause social isolation and diminish the physical and mental health of older adults. In cognitively impaired individuals, the pandemic has worsened behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Here, we explored the factors contributing to the worsening of BPSD during the COVID-19 pandemic.