A Novel Approach to Potentially Improving Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Survival: Prophylactic Lung Radiotherapy Inhibits Growth of Lung Metastases and Prolongs Survival in a Murine Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Model.

Background:  Circulating tumor cells and clusters (CTC) from soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) that become entrapped in the lung can form micro-metastases and lead to pulmonary metastatic disease. Many patients with localized high-risk STS later develop metastases. Radiation is effective at reducing local recurrence by eradicating microscopic infiltration and satellites in the reactive zone surrounding the primary tumor.

Assessment of the Operational Aspects of Health and Wellness Centers in Randomly Selected Blocks of Eastern India.

Introduction Launched in 2018, by the Government of India, the Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) initiative under the Ayushman Bharat program aims to transform India's primary healthcare system. This study evaluates the functioning of Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) in random blocks of Patna, Bihar, focusing on service availability, infrastructure, manpower challenges, and overall effectiveness in meeting healthcare needs. Methodology The assessment aimed to understand the current state of functioning of 16 HWCs and identify areas for improvement through a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis.

Characteristics and Predictors of Interprovincial Migration Following HIV Diagnosis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men - China, 2016-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are highly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and demonstrate significant mobility patterns. Understanding post-diagnosis migration patterns among HIV-positive MSM is crucial for targeted case management, yet comprehensive data from China remains limited.

What Is Added By This Report?: Among 204,394 HIV-positive MSM, 20,117 (9.

Cognivue characterizes amyloid status and preclinical Alzheimer's disease in biomarker confirmed cohorts in the Bio-Hermes Study.

Background: Cognivue is an FDA-cleared computerized cognitive test to screen for cognitive impairment included in the Bio-Hermes Study to test blood-based and digital biomarkers' ability to screen for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). A subset of cognitively normal individuals have amyloid deposition (Preclinical AD) but no current assessment can identify these individuals in the absence of expensive biomarkers.

Objective: We examined differences in Cognivue performance between amyloid positive and amyloid negative individuals and whether Cognivue could differentiate True Controls (cognitively normal/amyloid negative), Preclinical AD (cognitively normal/amyloid positive), and MCI due to AD (MCI-AD, cognitively impaired/amyloid positive).

Gait, balance, and physical performance as markers of early Alzheimer's disease and related dementia risk.

Background: Declining physical functionality is an indicator of cognitive impairment, distinguishing normal cognition (NC) from dementia. Whether this extends to pre-dementia stages is unclear.

Objective: Assess physical performance patterns, evaluate relationships with imaging biomarkers, and identify specific measures distinguishing NC, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Advances in Prenatal Cell-Free DNA Screening for Dominant Monogenic Conditions: A Review of Current Progress and Future Directions in Clinical Implementation.

Prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening has advanced significantly, extending beyond detecting aneuploidies to sub-chromosomal copy number variations. However, its application for screening dominant single-gene conditions, often caused by de novo variants, remains underutilized in the general obstetric population. This study reviews recent data and experience on prenatal cfDNA screening for dominant monogenic conditions using multiple-gene panels, highlighting its potential to enhance early detection and management of genetic disorders.

CD19 CAR-T With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in R/R Large B-Cell Lymphoma With/Without Prior Autologous Stem Cell Transplant.

Background: Anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy has been a breakthrough in treatment of primary refractory or relapsed large B-cell lymphoma (r/r LBCL) and is poised to supplant previous second line of high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT). However, in clinical practice, high risk patients with chemoimmunotherapy sensitive disease continue to receive salvage chemoimmunotherapy or cannot access CAR-T in a timely manner and thus may still proceed to HDT/ASCT. Little is known about clinical outcomes of CAR-T in patients who receive HDT/ASCT compared to those who are transplant-naïve.

Combating syphilis resurgence: China's multifaceted approach.

Syphilis, a chronic infection caused by Treponema pallidum, is experiencing a global resurgence, posing significant public health challenges. This study examined the escalating trends of syphilis in the United States, China, and some other countries highlighting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in sexual behavior, coinfection with the other infectious diseases such as AIDs, and the role of public health funding. The analysis revealed a stark increase in syphilis cases, particularly among high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM).

Insights From Diverse Perspectives on Social Media Messages to Inform Young Adults With Cancer About Clinical Trials: Focus Group Study.

Background: Low rates of adolescent and young adult (YA; aged 15-39 y) clinical trial enrollment (CTE), particularly among underserved groups, have resulted in a lack of standardized cancer treatments and follow-up guidelines for this group that may limit improvement in cancer treatments and survival outcomes for YAs.

Objective: To understand and address unique barriers to CTE, we conducted focus groups to learn about informational, financial, and psychosocial needs of YAs surrounding CTE and identify strategies to address these barriers.

Methods: We conducted 5 focus groups in 2023 among a diverse sample of YA patients from across the United States.

Cystic Echinococcus of the Liver.

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis is a widely endemic helminthic disease caused by infection with metacestodes (larval stage) of the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm, which is transmitted by dogs and found on every continent except Antarctica. We sought to review the life cycle, epidemiology, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment of Echinococcus granulosus of the liver.

Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted using Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science accessed between 1990 and 2024.

Life expectancy by county and educational attainment in the USA, 2000-19: an observational analysis.

Background: Educational disparities in life expectancy in the USA have been documented nationally but have not been comprehensively explored at the county level. Such geographical granularity is necessary for determining how these disparities vary across the country, thus highlighting the populations that could benefit most from increased access to educational support. We aim to estimate life expectancy at age 25 years for US counties from 2000 to 2019 for four educational attainment populations: less than high school, high-school graduate (including certificate of high school equivalency or other alternative credentials), some college (including associate degrees and incomplete college), and college graduate (including graduate and professional degrees).

Sexual and reproductive health content in Australian pre-registration nursing and midwifery programs: A review of curricula.

Aim: To identify and examine sexual and reproductive health (SRH) content in Australia's pre-registration undergraduate and postgraduate Nursing and Midwifery program curricula.

Background: Sexual and reproductive healthcare, integral to women's well-being, relies on Nursing and Midwifery workforce. However, it is unknown how pre-registration curricula prepares nurses and midwives to provide this care, despite international imperatives to enhance access.

Toward Product Safety and Circularity: Understanding the Information Structure of Global Databases on Chemicals in Products and Articles.

Access to information about chemicals in products and articles is critical for supporting enforcement of chemical regulations, assessing risks from chemicals, allowing informed consumer choices, and enabling product circularity. In this work, we identified and evaluated available databases (DBs) on chemicals in products and articles from the literature using a defined protocol and from European national market surveillance authorities, nongovernmental agencies, and industrial sector groups using questionnaires. This is the first comprehensive review of DBs that provide information about chemicals in products and articles.

Identification of the conditions and minimum requirements necessary for the release of autologous fresh CAR T-cell products under hospital exemption: a position paper from the WP-bioproduction of the UNITC consortium.

The accessibility of CAR-T cells in centralized production models faces significant challenges, primarily stemming from logistical complexities and prohibitive costs. However, European Regulation EC No. 1394/2007 introduced a pivotal provision known as the hospital exemption.

DeepExtremeCubes: Earth system spatio-temporal data for assessing compound heatwave and drought impacts.

With climate extremes' rising frequency and intensity, robust analytical tools are crucial to predict their impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. Machine learning techniques show promise but require well-structured, high-quality, and curated analysis-ready datasets. Earth observation datasets comprehensively monitor ecosystem dynamics and responses to climatic extremes, yet the data complexity can challenge the effectiveness of machine learning models.

Predicting preventive self-care behaviours among type 2 diabetes based on the health belief model in Bandar Abbas city: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: It is essential to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through self-care behaviours and to ascertain the predictors of correct health training for the control of diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive role of the constructs of the health belief model in encouraging T2DM to adopt self-care behaviours in Bandar Abbas city.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 in Bandar Abbas.

Leveraging Epigenetic Alterations in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma for Clinical Applications.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by late detection and poor prognosis. Recent research highlights the pivotal role of epigenetic alter- ations in driving PDAC development and progression. These changes, in conjunction with genetic mutations, contribute to the intricate molecular landscape of the disease.

Racial and ethnic enrollment disparities in clinical trials leading to FDA approvals for gynecologic malignancies.

Background: Black women and other minorities have higher age adjusted incidence risk for cervical and endometrial cancer than White women. However, the extent of racial and ethnic disparities in clinical trial enrollment among studies performed mainly in North America and Europe for gynecologic malignancy is unknown.

Objective: This study analyzed enrollment rates by race/ethnicity in trials that led to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for gynecological cancers from 2010 to 2024.

Abortion provision and characteristics of abortion patients in an academic medical center in Washington state before and after Dobbs.

Objective: To examine abortion care in the largest academic medical center in Washington, a state protective of abortion rights, before and after the Supreme Court Dobbs decision.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated abortion provision at the University of Washington between January 1, 2022 and October 31, 2023. Data on patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were extracted from electronic medical records.

Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome.

The global increase of overweight and obesity in children and adults is one of the most prominent public health threats, often accompanied by insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The simultaneous occurrence of these health problems is referred to as metabolic syndrome. Various criteria have been proposed to define this syndrome, but no general consensus on the specific markers and the respective cut-offs has been achieved yet.

Combining Brillouin Light Scattering Spectroscopy and Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials to Probe Mechanical Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks.

The mechanical properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of high fundamental and practical relevance. A particularly intriguing technique for determining anisotropic elastic tensors is Brillouin scattering, which so far has rarely been used for highly complex materials like MOFs. In the present contribution, we apply this technique to study a newly synthesized MOF-type material, referred to as GUT2.

The Presence of Two Distinct Lineages of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Type A in Russia in 2013-2014 Has Significant Implications for the Epidemiology of the Virus in the Region.

Molecular surveillance of FMD epidemiology is a fundamental tool for advancing our understanding of virus biology, monitoring virus evolution, and guiding vaccine design. The accessibility of genetic data will facilitate a more comprehensive delineation of FMDV phylogeny on a global scale. In this study, we investigated the FMDV strains circulating in Russia during the 2013-2014 period in geographically distant regions utilizing whole genome sequencing followed by maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of whole genome and VP1 gene sequences.

Diet Quality, Metabolic Syndrome, and Nativity Status: Elucidating Metabolic Advantage and Disadvantage Among Non-US-Native and US-Native Populations Using NHANES Data (2013-2018).

Background/objectives: Nutrient-poor diet quality is a major driver of the global burden of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The US ranks among the lowest in diet quality and has the highest rate of immigration, which may present unique challenges for non-US-native populations who experience changes in access to health-promoting resources. This study examined associations among MetS, nativity status, diet quality, and interaction effects of race-ethnicity among Hispanic, Asian, Black, and White US-native and non-US-native adults.

Clinical Whole-Body Gait Characterization Using a Single RGB-D Sensor.

Instrumented gait analysis is widely used in clinical settings for the early detection of neurological disorders, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating fall risk. However, the gold-standard marker-based 3D motion analysis is limited by high time and personnel demands. Advances in computer vision now enable markerless whole-body tracking with high accuracy.

DNA Methyltransferase Expression (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b) as a Potential Biomarker in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a global cause of vision loss, with limited therapeutic options highlighting the need for effective biomarkers. This study aimed to characterize plasma DNA methyltransferase expression (, , and ) in AMD patients and explore divergent expression patterns across different stages of AMD. : Thirty-eight AMD patients were prospectively enrolled and stratified by disease severity: eAMD, iAMD, nAMD, and aAMD.