Retrospective evaluation of acid-base imbalances, clinicopathologic alterations, and prognostic factors in hospitalized calves with Eimeria-associated diarrhea.

Introduction: After the neonatal period Eimeriosis is one of the most common causes of large intestinal diarrhea in calves. In contrast to neonatal calves with diarrhea, there are very few reports about the clinicopathological alterations in affected animals, which are mainly based on experimental data. The aim of the present study was therefore to characterize acid-base and related clinicopathologic alterations in calves with Eimeria-associated diarrhea and to identify variables associated with in-hospital mortality.

Effect of acetate- and lactate-containing intravenous fluid on acid-base status, electrolytes and plasma lactate concentration in dehydrated cats.

Objectives: Acetate (ACE) and lactate (LAC)-containing balanced resuscitation fluids are commonly used for fluid therapy in cats. These fluids can influence acid-base and electrolyte status. This prospective randomised study compared two balanced crystalloid solutions regarding their effect on acid-base status, electrolytes and LAC concentrations in dehydrated cats after intravenous fluid therapy.

Complement Evasion Protects FCoV from Virus Clearance Within Prototypic FIP Lesions.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease in cats caused by infection with feline coronavirus (FCoV). Despite severe inflammatory changes, defense mechanisms fail to achieve virus clearance. Some studies focused on various immune evasion mechanisms, but none of these studies elucidated the inefficacy of the complement system, which is one major player in FIP-associated immune pathogenesis.

Evaluating the Pathogenic Potential of IgE Targeting Cross-Reactive Carbohydrate Determinants in Dogs.

Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) are complex N-glycans shared among allergens of plant, insect venom, and nematode origin. In allergic humans, IgE anti-CCD often develop and cause discrepancies between serological and skin tests. Overall, CCD-IgE are believed to be of low pathogenic relevance.

Evaluation of a direct lymphocyte proliferation test for the diagnosis of canine food allergies with delayed reactions after oral food challenge.

Background: In humans, food allergies (FAs) are divided into those with immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated (immediate FA), cell-mediated (delayed FA) or both mechanisms (mixed FA). In dogs, lymphocyte stimulation tests have the highest concordance with oral food challenges (OFCs).

Objectives: To report the evaluation of a lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) in dogs with FA and delayed reactions (≥6 h) after OFC.

Occurrence of and in European Wild Rabbits () in Southern Germany (Bavaria).

and are fungus-related, obligate intracellular pathogens belonging to the microsporidia. Both microorganisms occur in mammals, birds and even humans, thus revealing a zoonotic potential. Knowledge of their relevance in wild rabbits is very limited so far.

Comparing treatment effects on dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome: fecal microbiota transplantation, symptomatic therapy, or antibiotic treatment.

Objective: Dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) present with similar clinical signs and histopathological findings as dogs with parvovirosis, in which fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has led to a significantly faster resolution of diarrhea and shorter hospitalization times. We investigated whether FMT results in faster clinical improvement and normalization of the intestinal microbiome compared to standard treatment.

Animals: 32 client-owned dogs with AHDS.

Taylorella equigenitalis in Icelandic intact males compared with other horse breeds using natural cover.

Background: Contagious equine metritis (CEM) is caused by Taylorella equigenitalis. It is a venereal disease that is detected in some breeds more than others and can cause temporary infertility with substantial costs for regular testing, sanitation and retesting. There was a perceived increase in T.

Decreased β-cell volume and insulin secretion but preserved glucose tolerance in a growth hormone insensitive pig model.

Purpose: Growth hormone (GH) is a central regulator of β-cell proliferation, insulin secretion and sensitivity. Aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GH insensitivity on pancreatic β-cell histomorphology and consequences for metabolism in vivo.

Methods: Pancreata from pigs with growth hormone receptor deficiency (GHR-KO, n = 12) were analyzed by unbiased quantitative stereology in comparison to wild-type controls (WT, n = 12) at 3 and 7-8.

Multi-omics analysis of diabetic pig lungs reveals molecular derangements underlying pulmonary complications of diabetes mellitus.

Growing evidence shows that the lung is an organ prone to injury by diabetes mellitus. However, the molecular mechanisms of these pulmonary complications have not yet been characterized comprehensively. To systematically study the effects of insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemia on the lung, we combined proteomics and lipidomics with quantitative histomorphological analyses to compare lung tissue samples from a clinically relevant pig model for mutant INS gene-induced diabetes of youth (MIDY) with samples from wild-type littermate controls.

A prospective study evaluating the correlation between local weather conditions, pollen counts and pruritus of dogs with atopic dermatitis.

Background: Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a hereditary, generally pruritic and predominantly T-cell-driven inflammatory skin disease, involving an interplay between skin barrier abnormalities, allergen sensitisation and microbial dysbiosis. The individual immunological response is predominantly against environmental allergens, including mite antigens; mould spores; and pollen from grasses, trees and weeds. Airborne pollens show fluctuating patterns during the year.

Cows with diverging haplotypes show differences in differential milk cell count, milk parameters and vaginal temperature after S. aureus challenge but not after E. coli challenge.

Background: In dairy cattle, mastitis causes high financial losses and impairs animal well-being. Genetic selection is used to breed cows with reduced mastitis susceptibility. Techniques such as milk cell flow cytometry may improve early mastitis diagnosis.

Genetic diversity, growth and heart function of Auckland Island pigs, a potential source for organ xenotransplantation.

One of the prerequisites for successful organ xenotransplantation is a reasonable size match between the porcine organ and the recipient's organ to be replaced. Therefore, the selection of a suitable genetic background of source pigs is important. In this study, we investigated body and organ growth, cardiac function, and genetic diversity of a colony of Auckland Island pigs established at the Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich.

Changes in antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine quarter milk samples from southern Germany between 2012 and 2022.

The objective of this study was to describe the in vitro resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine quarter milk samples obtained by the udder health laboratory of the Bavarian Animal Health Services between 2012 and 2022. All S. aureus samples were tested for β-lactamase production and only forwarded to further microbroth susceptibility testing either if the β-lactamase result was positive or upon explicit request by the submitter.

Serum amyloid A in cats with renal azotemia.

Background And Aim: The concentration of the feline acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) increases in cats with acute inflammatory diseases. However, it is unclear whether SAA concentration increases in cats with azotemic kidney disease or whether it can aid in differentiating acute kidney injury (AKI) from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Similarly, whether SAA concentration can be used as a prognostic marker is also unclear.

Nociception in Chicken Embryos, Part III: Analysis of Movements before and after Application of a Noxious Stimulus.

Many potentially noxious interventions are performed on chicken embryos in research and in the poultry industry. It is therefore essential and in the interest of animal welfare to be able to precisely define the point at which a chicken embryo is capable of nociception in ovo. The present part III of a comprehensive study examined the movements of developing chicken embryos with the aim of identifying behavioral responses to a noxious stimulus.

Standardized tissue sampling guidelines for histopathological and molecular analyses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in ecotoxicological studies.

In ecotoxicology, evaluation of toxicities and no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) of test compounds in experimental fish is commonly based on molecular-, biochemical- and analytical chemistry analyses of organ/tissue samples and the assessment of (histo-) pathological lesions. Standardization of organ/tissue sampling locations, sample numbers, and sample processing contributes to warrant the reproducibility and inter- and intra-study comparability of analysis results. The present article provides the first comprehensive tissue sampling guidelines specifically adapted to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as a frequently used fish species in ecotoxicological studies.

Systemic deletion of exon 51 rescues clinically severe Duchenne muscular dystrophy in a pig model lacking exon 52.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked disease caused by mutations in the gene, leading to complete absence of dystrophin and progressive degeneration of skeletal musculature and myocardium. In DMD patients and in a corresponding pig model with a deletion of exon 52 (Δ52), expression of an internally shortened dystrophin can be achieved by skipping of exon 51 to reframe the transcript. To predict the best possible outcome of this strategy, we generated Δ51-52 pigs, additionally representing a model for Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD).

Trapping all ERBB ligands decreases pancreatic lesions in a murine model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest of cancers. Attempts to develop targeted therapies still need to be established. Some oncogenic mechanisms in PDAC carcinogenesis harness the EGFR/ERBB receptor family.

The safety of rush immunotherapy in the management of canine atopic dermatitis-230 cases.

Background: The duration of the induction phase of allergen-specific immunotherapy conventionally is a period of several weeks, during which the volume of an allergen solution, administered by injection, is gradually increased until the maintenance dose is reached. In rush immunotherapy (RIT), the induction period is abbreviated to achieve a faster improvement in clinical signs of atopic dermatitis (AD) compared to conventional immunotherapy.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety of RIT in 230 dogs with AD and report any adverse effects (AE).

Demodex carolliae in a colony of Seba's short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata): clinical, pathological and parasitological findings.

Seba's short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata) are a frugivorous species native to Central and South America. Despite their importance as a reservoir for zoonotic pathogens and their popularity in zoological collection and as research models, there are relatively few reports on non-zoonotic diseases of bats. Mites of the genus Demodex are obligate commensals of the skin of a range of mammals, are highly host-specific and are not associated with clinical disease when present in low numbers.

Immobility-associated thromboprotection is conserved across mammalian species from bear to human.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) comprising deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Short-term immobility-related conditions are a major risk factor for the development of VTE. Paradoxically, long-term immobilized free-ranging hibernating brown bears and paralyzed spinal cord injury (SCI) patients are protected from VTE.