The effect of Transition to Adulthood Training Program for mothers of young adults with intellectual disability on family quality of life and perceived stress level: A pilot randomized controlled study.

Families cannot easily identify and cope with the changing health problems and needs of children transitioning into adulthood. This pilot randomized controlled study aims to improve the family's quality of life and reduce mothers' perceived stress levels by implementing an educational program (Transition to Adulthood Training Program - TATP). A total of 33 mothers of children with intellectual disabilities were randomly assigned to the groups.

The genetic landscape of autism spectrum disorder in the Middle Eastern population.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by aberrations in social interaction and communication associated with repetitive behaviors and interests, with strong clinical heterogeneity. Genetic factors play an important role in ASD, but about 75% of ASD cases have an undetermined genetic risk. We extensively investigated an ASD cohort made of 102 families from the Middle Eastern population of Qatar.

Global, regional, and national prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Both pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major global public health problems. We estimated the global, regional, and national prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a population with PTB.

Methods: We searched for observational studies of DM in people with PTB using the PubMed and Embase electronic bibliographic databases, focusing on articles published in the English language from database inception until March 31, 2021.

A Novel Loss-of-Function Variant in a Chinese Patient With Familial Precocious Puberty: A Case Report and Functional Study.

Central precocious puberty (CPP) is one of the most common and complex problems in clinical pediatric endocrinology practice. Mutation of the gene can cause familial CPP. Here we reported a Chinese patient bearing a novel MKRN3 mutation (c.

Autism Detection in Children by Combined Use of Gaze Preference and the M-CHAT-R in a Resource-Scarce Setting.

Most children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in resource-limited settings (RLS), are diagnosed after the age of four. Our work confirmed and extended results of Pierce that eye tracking could discriminate between typically developing (TD) children and those with ASD. We demonstrated the initial 15 s was at least as discriminating as the entire video.

A retrospective observational study of the treatment of a nosocomial infection caused by oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus A with baloxavir marboxil.

Background: Nosocomial (hospital-acquired) influenza A virus infection is a very important clinical issue. The objective of this study is to describe the effect of baloxavir marboxil in controlling an outbreak of this infection.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed to assess the effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil in the treatment of nosocomial infections caused by oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus A.

The Complexity of Making a Diagnosis.

Carl is a 12-year-old boy midline, with neurologic malformation, ataxia, bilateral strabismus with presumed residual visual impairment after surgical repair, and intellectual disability. He was referred to developmental-behavioral pediatrics for evaluation of possible autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Carl had a benign prenatal course and was born via spontaneous vaginal delivery at term.

Investigating Potential Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Early identification and treatment of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) improves outcomes, but specific evidence needed to individualize treatment recommendations is lacking. Biomarkers that could be routinely measured within the clinical setting could potentially transform clinical care for patients with ASD. This demonstration project employed collection of biomarker data during regular autism specialty clinical visits and explored the relationship of biomarkers with clinical ASD symptoms.

Development and Evaluation of an Educational Initiative to Improve Hospital Personnel Preparedness to Care for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal educational curriculum on increasing hospital personnel's awareness of successful strategies and comfort in caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: We developed a 3-part training for front-line staff (i.e.

Feasibility of Conducting Autism Biomarker Research in the Clinical Setting.

Objective: Recruitment and completion of research activities during regular clinical care has the potential to increase research participation in complex neurodevelopmental disorders. We evaluated the feasibility, and effect on clinical care, of conducting biomarker research within a subspecialty clinical visit for autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Children, aged 5 to 10 years, were recruited by providers in ASD clinics at 5 institutions.

Effects of Antecedent Manipulations and Social Reinforcement to Increase Lateral Positioning in a Premature Infant with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Recent research suggests supine positioning for sleeping infants is the safest position to prevent breathing related difficulties; however doing so can significantly increase obstruction in apneic infants resulting in decreased sleep quality. We implemented a multi-component treatment package compromised of antecedent interventions and parent-mediated social reinforcement to increase lateral positioning in a premature infant with obstructive sleep apnea. Results indicate that the intervention increased lateral positioning in the participant by over 80 % in the final phase of the study, indicating efficacy of the intervention.

"When the Prescription Pad Is Not Enough": Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Management 2.0.

Jose is a 13-year-old boy who presents to his primary care provider after struggling in school for many years. When he was in the first grade, he was diagnosed at a tertiary center with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Multiple medication trials have produced few benefits and many side effects including poor sleep, morbid thoughts, lack of motivation, and, according to his parents, "he seemed like a robot.

Conventionality and Intentionality as Potential Contributors to Ideational Praxis in Japanese Preschoolers: An Exploratory Study with Correspondence Analysis.

Ideation is an essential central concept in sensory integration theory. The Test of Ideational Praxis (TIP) (May-Benson, ) is the first instrument developed to specifically assess children's ideational abilities but qualitative differences of its performance are not well examined. The purpose of the present study was to explore the components of ideational abilities that influenced the TIP score or its developmental change.

Escape Extinction and Negative Reinforcement in the Treatment of Pediatric Feeding Disorders: a Single Case Analysis.

Pediatric feeding disorders are common among children with developmental disabilities and can have detrimental effects on growth and development. An escape extinction and negative reinforcement-based approach to treating food refusal was examined in a child with cerebral palsy. A changing criterion treatment design was implemented, which allowed the child to exit the treatment area contingent upon the acceptance and ingestion of a pre-determined number of bites.

Rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Under the DSM-5 Criteria Compared to DSM-IV-TR Criteria in a Hospital-Based Clinic.

Background: We aimed to determine whether there was a decrease in the number of children diagnosed on the autism spectrum after the implementation of the new diagnostic criteria as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders Fifth Edition published in May 2013.

Method: We reviewed 1552 charts of children evaluated at the Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, Autism Spectrum Disorders Clinic. A comparison was made of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (autism, Asperger disorder, pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified) from 2010 to May 2013 using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria with children diagnosed from June 2013 through June 2015 under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders Fifth Edition.

Infantile systemic hyalinosis in identical twins.

Infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) is a rare disorder belonging to the heterogeneous group of genetic fibromatoses. It is a rare, progressive, fatal autosomal recessive condition characterized by widespread deposition of hyaline material in many tissues caused by mutations in the anthrax toxin receptor 2 gene - ANTXR2. It presents hyperpigmented skin over bony prominences.

Distal trisomy 10q syndrome, report of a patient with duplicated q24.31 - qter, autism spectrum disorder and unusual features.

We report on a patient with distal trisomy 10q syndrome presenting with a few previously undescribed physical features, as well as, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We recommend that patients with distal trisomy 10q syndrome should have a behavioral evaluation for ASD for the early institution of therapy.

An Extension of the Effects of Praising Positive Qualifying Autoclitics on the Frequency of Reading.

In the current study, we reinforced tacts with positive qualifying autoclitics for reading and evaluated the subsequent effect on the allocation of reading behavior. Participants were four typically developing children between 9 and 12 years of age whose primary language was Arabic. We exposed each participant to pre- and posttreatment sessions to assess behavior allocation across activities and materials using a multiple-baseline design.

Predictive Analytics In Healthcare: Medications as a Predictor of Medical Complexity.

Children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) require health and related services that exceed those required by most hospitalized children. A small but growing and important subset of the CSHCN group includes medically complex children (MCCs). MCCs typically have comorbidities and disproportionately consume healthcare resources.

Identifying children with lifelong chronic conditions for care coordination by using hospital discharge data.

Background: Children with lifelong chronic conditions (LLCC) are costly, of low prevalence, and a high proportion of patients at children's hospitals. Few methods identify these patients.

Objectives: We sought to identify children with LLCC in hospital discharge data for care coordination by using clinical risk groups (CRGs), to evaluate the accuracy of this methodology compared with a chart review and to investigate accuracy according to condition groups.

Managing childhood chronic illness: parent perspectives and implications for parent-provider relationships.

When children have special health care needs, parents assume the roles of care coordinator, medical expert, and systems advocate as well as their typical parenting roles. They face many challenges in managing their child's chronic condition in the context of everyday life. Health care providers are uniquely positioned to assist parents in meeting those challenges and to promote parent competency and confidence in their child's care.

Body mass index of children with severe early childhood caries.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective case study was to describe the body mass index (BMI) of children with severe early childhood caries (5-ECC) receiving dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia.

Methods: Demographics, BMI percentile, decoyed, missing, or filled teeth (dmft), and the number of pulp-involved teeth were analyzed for 293 healthy 2- to 5-year-olds (mean = 47.2 months).