Comparing the Diagnostic Performance of Ultrasound Elastography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Differentiate Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was comparing diagnostic performance of ultrasound elastography (UE), strain UE and shear wave elastography (SWE), with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions.

Methods: Literature search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Google Scholar was performed in June 2023. Included studies used Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) and histopathology as reference standard.

Impact of Endorectal Coil Use on Extraprostatic Extension Detection in Prostate MRI: A Retrospective Monocentric Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Accurate preoperative mpMRI-based detection of extraprostatic extension (EPE) in prostate cancer (PCa) is critical for surgical planning and patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of endorectal coil (ERC) use on the diagnostic performance of mpMRI in detecting EPE.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study with prospectively collected data included participants who underwent mpMRI and subsequent radical prostatectomy for PCa between 2007 and 2024.

Pulmonary rehabilitation healthcare professionals understanding and experiences of the protected characteristics of service users: A qualitative analysis.

Background: Health inequalities can affect access and uptake to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). An individual's protected characteristics (age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation) may contribute to health inequalities. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) experiences of the inclusivity and representativeness of PR services and knowledge of protected characteristics are unknown, however are vital for the identification and resolution of health inequalities.

The impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on fungal pathogenicity and drug resistance.

Phenotypic heterogeneity in genetically clonal populations facilitates cellular adaptation to adverse environmental conditions while enabling a return to the basal physiological state. It also plays a crucial role in pathogenicity and the acquisition of drug resistance in unicellular organisms and cancer cells, yet the exact contributing factors remain elusive. In this review, we outline the current state of understanding concerning the contribution of phenotypic heterogeneity to fungal pathogenesis and antifungal drug resistance.

Sex-specific contrasting role of BECLIN-1 protein in pain hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviors.

Chronic pain is a debilitative disease affecting 1 in 5 adults globally, and is a major risk factor for anxiety (Goldberg and McGee, 2011; Lurie, DI., 2018). Given the current dearth of available treatments for both individuals living with chronic pain and mental illnesses, there is a critical need for research into the molecular mechanisms involved in order to discover novel treatment targets.

Integrated multi-omics analysis identifies a machine learning-derived signature for predicting prognosis and therapeutic vulnerability in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Aims: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) shows considerable variation within and between tumors, presents varying treatment responses among patients, possibly due to molecular distinctions. This study utilized a multi-center and multi-omics analysis to establish and validate a prognosis and treatment vulnerability signature (PTVS) capable of effectively predicting patient prognosis and drug responsiveness.

Materials And Methods: To address this complexity, we constructed an integrative multi-omics analysis using 10 clustering algorithms on ccRCC patient data.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals suppression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in gender-specific differences in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related dementia preferentially impacts two-thirds of women and one-third of men. The steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein mediates the biosynthesis of neurosteroids that sustain diverse neuronal activities. Aging, involving neurosteroidal imbalance, is the predominant risk factor for AD causing dementia.

Multi-domain Online Therapeutic Investigation of Neurocognition (MOTION) - A randomized comparative-effectiveness study of two remotely delivered mind-body interventions for older adults with cognitive decline.

Background: Research suggest that mind-body movement programs have beneficial effects on cognitive outcomes for older adults with cognitive decline. However, few studies have directly compared specific approaches to mind-body movement or studied the impact of remote program delivery.

Methods: In a 3-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) for older adults with cognitive impairment, we are comparing a multidomain mind-body program that emphasizes movement, body awareness, personal meaningfulness, and social connection, and a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise (Tai Chi) to a health and wellness education control condition.

Mitochondrial chaperonin DNAJC15 promotes vulnerability to ferroptosis of chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells.

DNAJC15 is a mitochondrial TIMM23-related co-chaperonin known for its role in regulating oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, oxidative stress response and lipid metabolism. Recently, it has been proposed that the loss of DNAJC15 correlates with cisplatin (CDDP)-resistance onset in ovarian cancer (OC), suggesting this protein as a potential prognostic factor during OC progression. However, the molecular mechanisms through which DNAJC15 contributes to CDDP response remains poorly investigated.

Genomic and phenotypic correlates of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood.

Mosaic loss of Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic chromosomal alteration detected in human blood. The presence of mLOY is associated with altered blood cell counts and increased risk of Alzheimer disease, solid tumors, and other age-related diseases. We sought to gain a better understanding of genetic drivers and associated phenotypes of mLOY through analyses of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a large set of genetically diverse males from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

Gut microbial GABA imbalance emerges as a metabolic signature in mild autism spectrum disorder linked to overrepresented Escherichia.

Gut microbiota (GM) alterations have been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet the specific functional architecture remains elusive. Here, employing multi-omics approaches, we investigate stool samples from two distinct cohorts comprising 203 children with mild ASD or typical development. In our screening cohort, regression-based analysis for metabolomic profiling identifies an elevated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to glutamate (Glu) ratio as a metabolic signature of ASD, independent of age and gender.

High cellular plasticity state of medulloblastoma local recurrence and distant dissemination.

Medulloblastoma (MB), a heterogeneous pediatric brain tumor, poses challenges in the treatment of tumor recurrence and dissemination. To characterize cellular diversity and genetic features, we comprehensively analyzed single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq), single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq), and spatial transcriptomics profiles and identified distinct cellular populations in SHH (sonic hedgehog) and Group_3 subgroups, with varying proportions in local recurrence or dissemination. Local recurrence showed higher cycling tumor cell enrichment, whereas disseminated lesions had a relatively notable presence of differentiated subsets.

Primary care research on hypertension: A bibliometric analysis using machine-learning.

Hypertension is one of the most important chronic diseases worldwide. Hypertension is a critical condition encountered frequently in daily life, forming a significant area of service in Primary Health Care (PHC), which healthcare professionals often confront. It serves as a precursor to many critical illnesses and can lead to fatalities if not addressed promptly.

Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in Prader Willi syndrome.

Individuals with Prader Willi syndrome (PWS) often exhibit behavioral difficulties characterized by deficient impulse regulation and obsessive-compulsive features resembling those observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder. The genetic configuration of PWS aligns with molecular and neurophysiological findings suggesting dysfunction in the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may contribute to its clinical manifestation. In the cerebral cortex, this dysfunction is expressed as desynchronization of local neural activity.

AI-derived automated quantification of cardiac chambers and myocardium from non-contrast CT: Prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in asymptomatic subjects.

Background And Aims: The significance of left ventricular mass and chamber volumes from non-contrast computed tomography (CT) for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) has not been studied. Our objective was to evaluate the role of artificial intelligence-enabled multi-chamber cardiac volumetry from non-contrast CT for long-term risk stratification in asymptomatic subjects without known coronary artery disease.

Methods: Our study included 2022 asymptomatic individuals (55.

A new phase of China-ASEAN health cooperation: the China-ASEAN Beijing Declaration on Cooperation in Innovation of Health Products and Technologies.

Utilizing innovative methods to advance the research and development (R&D) of health products and enhance their accessibility has become crucial to achieving universal health coverage, addressing public health emergencies, and promoting population health and wellbeing. However, structural contradictions do exist in the supply and demand of health products in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). With the joint support of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Ministry of Education, and the China-ASEAN Center, Peking University established the China-ASEAN Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Public Health in April 2023.

HKA angle exceeding 5 degrees is strongly associated with lateral patellar translation beyond 2 mm: surgical recommendations for avoiding adverse effects on the patellofemoral joint after OWHTO.

Purpose: Previous studies reported that anterior knee pain (AKP) occurs with an incidence of 32% after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). However, the biomechanical effects of this procedure on patellofemoral joints (PFJs) remain unclear. We aimed to quantify the changes in the kinematics and cartilage conditions of the PFJ during stair climbing before and after OWHTO.

Gains and pains: a qualitative study on the implications of value-based health care for professionals.

Background: While aiming to optimize patient value, the shift towards Value-Based Health Care (VBHC) in hospitals worldwide has been argued to benefit healthcare professionals as well. However, robust evidence regarding VBHC's workforce implications is lacking. This gap is problematic, as the motivation and health of healthcare professionals are central to the quality of care and crucial amidst contemporary workforce challenges.

IoT-based prediction model for aquaponic fish pond water quality using multiscale feature fusion with convolutional autoencoder and GRU networks.

The Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart solutions have been developed to predict water quality and they are becoming an increasingly important means of providing efficient solutions through communication technologies. IoT systems are used for enabling connection between various devices based on the ability to gather and collect information. Furthermore, IoT systems are designed to address the environment and the automation industry.

A multi-modal neuroimaging data release for Meige Syndrome and Facial Paralysis Research.

The sharing of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is of utmost importance in the field, as it enables a deeper understanding of facial nerve-related pathologies. However, there is a significant lack of multi-modal neuroimaging databases specifically focused on these conditions, which hampers our comprehensive knowledge of the neural foundations of facial paralysis. To address this critical gap and propel advancements in this area, we have released the Multimodal Neuroimaging Dataset of Meige Syndrome, Facial Paralysis, and Healthy Controls (MND-MFHC).

Coordinated representations for naturalistic memory encoding and retrieval in hippocampal neural subspaces.

Our naturalistic experiences are organized into memories through multiple processes, including novelty encoding, memory formation, and retrieval. However, the neural mechanisms coordinating these processes remain elusive. Using fMRI data acquired during movie viewing and subsequent narrative recall, we examine hippocampal neural subspaces associated with distinct memory processes and characterized their relationships.

A library of proton lineal energy spectra spanning the full range of clinically relevant energies.

Purpose: In locations where the proton energy spectrum is broad, lineal energy spectrum-based proton biological effects models may be more accurate than dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LET) based models. However, the development of microdosimetric spectrum-based biological effects models is hampered by the extreme computational difficulty of calculating microdosimetric spectra. Given a precomputed library of lineal energy spectra for monoenergetic protons, a weighted summation can be performed which yields the lineal energy spectrum of an arbitrary polyenergetic beam.

Unravelling malaria latency: parasite intrinsic and environmental factors influencing dormant liver stages.

Hypnozoites - dormant Plasmodium parasites in the liver - can cause relapse infections and form a major obstacle to malaria eradication. The mechanisms controlling dormancy remain poorly understood, but hypnozoite formation and reactivation is likely regulated by a combination of parasite intrinsic factors and external stimuli. We reviewed current knowledge of Plasmodium dormancy and drew parallels with dormancy in other parasites and life-cycle stages.

Organoids, organs-on-chips, complex in vitro model: Definitions, applications, validation, ethics.

Over the past decade, new in vitro biological models have emerged which can reproduce certain characteristics of human physiology and pathologies. From organoids to organs-on-chips, these new technologies are currently revolutionizing the entire chain of research and development in pharmacology. All stakeholders are thus involved, from academic laboratories to pharmaceutical companies, start-ups, and assessment agencies.