Somatic symptoms and binge eating in women's daily lives.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine whether the momentary severity of women's somatic symptoms was concurrently and prospectively associated with their engagement in binge eating in naturalistic settings.

Method: Thirty women (M = 34.13, SD = 13.

The Process of Developing a Sleep Health Improvement Plan: a Lab-Based Model of Self-Help Behavior.

Background: Although self-help strategies to improve sleep are widely accessible, little is known about the ways in which individuals interact with these resources and the extent to which people are successful at improving their own sleep based on sleep health recommendations. The present study developed a lab-based model of self-help behavior by observing the development of sleep health improvement plans (SHIPs) and examining factors that may influence SHIP development.

Method: Sixty healthy, young adults were identified as poor sleepers during one week of actigraphy baseline and recruited to develop and implement a SHIP.

Disparities in eating disorder risk and diagnosis among sexual minority college students: Findings from the national Healthy Minds Study.

Objective: To examine differences in eating disorder (ED) risk and diagnosis by sexual orientation in a national sample of college students.

Method: Data from 178 U.S.

The effect of caffeine abstinence on sleep among habitual caffeine users with poor sleep.

Caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world and is known to disrupt healthy sleep. However, very few studies have directly tested the effect of caffeine abstinence on sleep, and these have yielded inconsistent findings. The purpose of the present study was to examine changes in sleep following caffeine abstinence and examine the extent to which characteristics of habitual caffeine use moderated this change.

Predictors and moderators of treatment outcome in a randomized clinical trial for binge-eating disorder.

Objective: The current study examined predictors and moderators of two interventions for binge-eating disorder (BED).

Method: Participants were 112 adults with BED ( = 39.7 ± 13.

Eating Disorder Examination - Questionnaire short forms: A comparison.

Objective: The Eating Disorder Examination - Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a widely used self-report measure of eating-disordered behaviors and attitudes. Recent studies utilizing confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) have proposed alternative and shorter forms. The aim of this study was to compare the full-length version of the EDE-Q and several proposed short forms (7-item, 8-item, and 18-item) in terms of their psychometric properties, including concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity, factor structure, and sensitivity to change.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of an Instrument Assessing Barriers to Growth Hormone Treatment (BAR-GHT).

This paper presents development and validation of a new patient reported outcome measure (PRO), the Barriers to Growth Hormone Therapy (BAR-GHT) in a patient (child/adolescent) and a parent version. The BAR-GHT was developed to measure problems and potential barriers to GHT. The development and validation of the BAR-GHT was conducted according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Guidance on the development of PROs.

Examining the ecological validity of the Power of Food Scale.

Purpose: Appetite for palatable foods may impact eating-related behaviors in everyday life. The present study evaluated the real-world predictive validity of the Power of Food Scale (PFS) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).

Methods: 30 women who reported binge eating completed the PFS and related measures.

A multicenter audit of outpatient care for adult anorexia nervosa: Symptom trajectory, service use, and evidence in support of "early stage" versus "severe and enduring" classification.

Background: We explored the utility of "staging" anorexia nervosa (AN) by duration of illness and psychological wellbeing. We also investigated 12-month symptom trajectories and service usage in a large cohort of patients with AN assessed for outpatient treatment.

Method: We conducted secondary analyses on data from a multisite clinical trial of adults with AN (n = 187) recruited from 22 NHS England specialist eating disorder (ED) services into a digital treatment augmentation study.

Intuitive eating longitudinally predicts better psychological health and lower use of disordered eating behaviors: findings from EAT 2010-2018.

Purpose: To examine longitudinal associations of intuitive eating (IE), defined as eating according to internal hunger and satiety cues, with psychological health outcomes and disordered eating behaviors.

Methods: Data from a diverse sample of 1491 participants (54.1% female, 19.

A naturalistic, long-term follow-up of purging disorder.

Background: The DSM-5 introduced purging disorder (PD) as an other specified feeding or eating disorder characterized by recurrent purging in the absence of binge eating. The current study sought to describe the long-term outcome of PD and to examine predictors of outcome.

Methods: Women (N = 84) who met research criteria for PD completed a comprehensive battery of baseline interview and questionnaire assessments.

Development, validation and reliability of the Chrononutrition Profile - Questionnaire.

Chrononutrition, or the circadian timing of food intake, has garnered attention as a topic of study due to its associations with health (e.g. weight gain); however, a valid and reliable assessment of chrononutrition in daily life has not yet been developed.

Application of health behaviour theory to sleep health improvement.

Although sleep hygiene is often used for broad sleep health promotion efforts, sleep hygiene education programmes are largely ineffective. These programmes are limited by their lack of a theoretical foundation. Health behaviour theory (HBT) has been used for decades to successfully predict and modify many health behaviours, but its use in the study of sleep health is rare.

Examining intra-individual variability in food-related inhibitory control and negative affect as predictors of binge eating using ecological momentary assessment.

Binge eating presents in the context of several eating disorders (EDs) and has been shown to be associated with negative affectivity and inhibitory control deficits. While considerable ecological momentary assessment (EMA) work in EDs has demonstrated the importance of intra-individual variability in affect in predicting binge episodes, no research has considered how fluctuations in inhibitory control and negative affect together influence binge eating, or the extent to which these relationships may differ across ED diagnoses. Therefore, the present EMA study assessed the extent to which daily inhibitory control moderated momentary associations between negative affect and binge eating, and whether the presence of regular compensatory behaviors influenced these associations.

Self-weighing behavior in individuals with binge-eating disorder.

This study examined self-weighing behaviors and correlates in patients with BED. Hypotheses: (1) women would weigh more frequently than men, (2) > weekly weighers would have higher restraint scores than < weekly weighers, (3) the self-weighing-restraint relationship would be stronger in women, (4) self-weighing frequency would be inversely related to BMI, and (5) self-weighing frequency and depression would be independently but not interactively related to BMI. The EDE, administered by trained doctoral-level interviewers, assessed self-weighing and eating-disorder psychopathology in 423 treatment-seeking individuals meeting DSM-5 BED criteria.

A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of an early phase, online, guided augmentation of outpatient care for adults with anorexia nervosa.

Background: Outpatient interventions for adult anorexia nervosa typically have a modest impact on weight and eating disorder symptomatology. This study examined whether adding a brief online intervention focused on enhancing motivation to change and the development of a recovery identity (RecoveryMANTRA) would improve outcomes in adults with anorexia nervosa.

Methods: Participants with anorexia nervosa (n = 187) were recruited from 22 eating disorder outpatient services throughout the UK.

Thomas F. Cash: A multidimensional innovator in the measurement of body image; Some lessons learned and some lessons for the future of the field.

Accurate measurement of constructs under investigation is an often-overlooked ingredient of research. However, sound use of strategies to ensure valid and reliable assessment is the building block for any research design, data analysis, and outcome interpretation. In this paper, we note how Thomas F.

Eating Pathology After Bariatric Surgery: an Updated Review of the Recent Literature.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this paper was to extend the prior literature on eating pathology following bariatric surgery by highlighting themes in data published over the past 3 years and identifying limitations and future directions for research.

Recent Findings: Changes in eating pathology after bariatric surgery remain consistent with previous research. Specifically, diagnostic prevalence rates and incidence of related behaviors generally decrease following surgery.

Daily Associations Between Sleep and Physical Activity.

Background: Research has demonstrated a correlational relationship between sleep and physical activity, though this work has been largely cross sectional and fails to demonstrate temporal relationships. The purpose of this study was to test the daily, bidirectional relationships between sleep and physical activity, and whether this varied between weekdays and weekend days.

Method: Fifty-four healthy, young adults wore a Fitbit Flex to measure sleep and physical activity during a 6-day study period.

You can buy a child a curvy Barbie doll, but you can't make her like it: Young girls' beliefs about Barbie dolls with diverse shapes and sizes.

This study utilized Mattel's new line of Fashionista Barbie dolls to examine attitudes about body shape and size in a sample of young girls. A total of 84 girls, 3-10 years of age, were asked to assign positive or negative traits to Barbie dolls which varied in size and shape (original, tall, petite, and curvy). Participants also answered questions about their preferences for the dolls and completed measures of body dissatisfaction.

Gender-based differential item functioning in measures of eating pathology.

Objective: Eating disorder (ED) symptoms are common and impairing in males, despite their perception as "female" disorders. As existing self-report symptom measures were developed and primarily validated in women, there is a need to establish the utility of these measures in men. The present study used differential item functioning (DIF) analyses to explore whether item endorsement differed by gender for three commonly used ED symptom measures.

Emerging Psychological Treatments in Eating Disorders.

The authors present the theoretic model, structure of treatment, and preliminary evidence for several emerging treatments that are increasingly being used and studied in eating disorders treatment, including dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, integrative cognitive-affective therapy, and neuromodulation. In addition, the article discusses treatments that address mindfulness, interpersonal factors, and habit.

Self-discrepancy theory as a transdiagnostic framework: A meta-analysis of self-discrepancy and psychopathology.

Self-discrepancy theory (SDT) is a model of the relations between the self and affect which has been applied to the study of different types of psychopathology including depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. Although the theory itself is compatible with a transdiagnostic perspective on psychopathology, to date no systematic review of the literature has examined that possibility. We conducted a meta-analysis that synthesized the literature on self-discrepancy and psychopathology across a heterogeneous range of 70 studies.