Superior load-to-failure in an all-suture anchor system for all-inside meniscal repair compared to a PEEK-cage anchor system in an experimental cadaveric test setting.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of a latest generation all-suture anchor repair device (ASARD) for meniscal repair with that of a latest generation PEEK-cage anchor repair device (PCARD) in an experimental setting using cadaveric menisci.

Methods: Twenty-six menisci were obtained from the knees of fresh body donors. Artificially created meniscal lesions were treated randomly, using a single stitch with either an ASARD or a PCARD.

Clinical validation of fully automated laminar knee cartilage transverse relaxation time (T2) analysis in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured knees- on behalf of the osteoarthritis (OA)-Bio consortium.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cartilage transverse relaxation time (T2) reflects cartilage composition, mechanical properties, and early osteoarthritis (OA). T2 analysis requires cartilage segmentation. In this study, we clinically validate fully automated T2 analysis at 1.

Minimal Detectable Bone Fracture Gaps in CT Images and Digital Three-Dimensional (3D) Radii Models.

Knowledge of the minimal detectable bone fracture gap is essential in three-dimensional (3D) models, particularly in pre-operative planning of osteosynthesis to avoid overlooking gaps. In this study, defined incisions and bony displacements ranging from 100 to 400 µm were created in diaphyseal radii in 20 paired forearm specimens and verified with light microscopy. The specimens were scanned utilizing different computed tomography (CT) technologies/scanners, specimen positionings, scan protocols, image segmentations, and processing protocols.

Sexual dimorphism in peri-articular tissue anatomy - More keys to understanding sex-differences in osteoarthritis?

Objective: Osteoarthritis prevalence differs between women and men; whether this is the result of differences in pre-morbid articular or peri-articular anatomical morphotypes remains enigmatic. Albeit sex within humans cannot be reduced to female/male, this review focusses to the sexual dimorphism of peri-articular tissues, given lack of literature on non-binary subjects.

Methods: Based on a Pubmed search and input from experts, we selected relevant articles based on the authors' judgement of relevance, interest, and quality; no "hard" bibliometric measures were used to evaluate the quality or importance of the work.

"Back Health 24/7/365"-A Novel, Comprehensive "One Size Fits All" Workplace Health Promotion Intervention for Occupational Back Health among Hospital Employees.

Background: Projects for workplace health promotion (WHP) for back pain traditionally focus exclusively on work-related but not on leisure-time stress on the spine. We developed a comprehensive WHP project on the back health of hospital workers regardless of the physical characteristics of their work and compared its effects on sedentary and physically active hospital workers.

Methods: Study assessments were carried out before and six months after participation in the WHP intervention.

Creation of a biological sensorimotor interface for bionic reconstruction.

Neuromuscular control of bionic arms has constantly improved over the past years, however, restoration of sensation remains elusive. Previous approaches to reestablish sensory feedback include tactile, electrical, and peripheral nerve stimulation, however, they cannot recreate natural, intuitive sensations. Here, we establish an experimental biological sensorimotor interface and demonstrate its potential use in neuroprosthetics.

Insertion trauma of a novel inner ear catheter for intracochlear drug delivery.

Introduction: Even with recent research advances, effective delivery of a compound to its target cells inside the inner ear remains a challenging endeavor due to anatomical and physiological barriers. Direct intracochlear drug administration with an inner ear catheter (IEC) aims to overcome this obstacle and strives to provide a safe and efficient way for inner ear pharmacotherapy. The goal of this study was to histologically and audiologically evaluate the traumatic properties of a novel IEC for intracochlear drug delivery in a large animal model.

Anatomical evaluation of a novel echocardiography based tricuspid valve classification in 60 hearts from body donors.

Objectives: This study aimed to provide comprehensive morphological descriptions of the morphology of the tricuspid valve and to evaluate if a novel echocardiography-based tricuspid valve nomenclature can also be understood anatomically.

Methods: Tricuspid valves of 60 non-embalmed human body donors without a medical history of pathologies or macroscopic malformations of the heart were included. Length, height and surface area of leaflets were measured.

Effect of hot water maceration, rehydration, and soft tissue presence on 3D geometry of bone.

Purpose: In forensic medicine, maceration is often essential for examining bone surfaces, serving purposes such as identifying cut marks, making geometric measurements, and determining the victim's age. While hot water maceration removes soft tissue effectively, it is known to cause bone surface shrinkage. This raises the question of whether this effect is permanent or if it can be partially reversed through rehydration, considering the presence of soft tissue.

Sexual dimorphism in articular tissue anatomy - Key to understanding sex differences in osteoarthritis?

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) prevalence and incidence varies between women and men, but it is unknown whether this follows sex-specific differences in systemic factors (e.g. hormones) and/or differences in pre-morbid joint anatomy.

Caspase-5: Structure, Pro-Inflammatory Activity and Evolution.

Caspase-5 is a protease that induces inflammation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. The expression level of the gene is very low in the basal state, but strongly increases in the presence of LPS. Intracellular LPS binds to the caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) of caspase-5, leading to the formation of a non-canonical inflammasome.

Bone collagen tensile properties of the aging human proximal femur.

Despite the dominant role of bone mass in osteoporotic fractures, aging bone tissue properties must be thoroughly understood to improve osteoporosis management. In this context, collagen content and integrity are considered important factors, although limited research has been conducted on the tensile behavior of demineralized compact bone in relation to its porosity and elastic properties in the native mineralized state. Therefore, this study aims (i) at examining the age-dependency of mineralized bone and collagen micromechanical properties; (ii) to test whether, and if so to which extent, collagen properties contribute to mineralized bone mechanical properties.

Chemical defence of a centipede (Clinopodes flavidus).

Chemical substances are of utmost importance for the biotic interactions between animals and their predators/parasites; many of these semiochemicals are emitted for defence purposes. One of the most deterrent and toxic biogenic substances we know of is hydrogen cyanide, which can be stored by certain insects, millipedes, centipedes and arachnids in the form of stable and less volatile molecules. The aim of this study was to analyse the biology and chemistry of such a defence mechanism in a geophilomorph centipede (Chilopoda).

Dynamic analyses of a soft tissue-implant interface: Biological responses to immediate versus delayed dental implants.

Aim: To qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the formation and maturation of peri-implant soft tissues around 'immediate' and 'delayed' implants.

Materials And Methods: Miniaturized titanium implants were placed in either maxillary first molar (mxM1) fresh extraction sockets or healed mxM1 sites in mice. Peri-implant soft tissues were evaluated at multiple timepoints to assess the molecular mechanisms of attachment and the efficacy of the soft tissue as a barrier.

The mylohyoid line is highly variable but does not affect the microarchitecture of the edentulous alveolar bone - an anatomical micro-CT study.

Objectives: To evaluate in the absence of teeth the variability of the mylohyoid line (ML), the microarchitecture of the adjacent bone, and whether the variable prominence/width of the ML is associated with the quality of the adjacent bone.

Methods: µCT scans of 28 human mandibles from anatomical specimens were analyzed. The following parameters were assessed in four edentulous areas (first and second premolar (PM), first, second, and third molar (M1/2/3)): ML width, cortical thickness (CtTh), average cortical- (Avg.

Characterization, number, and spatial organization of nerve fibers in the human cervical vagus nerve and its superior cardiac branch.

Background: Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve (VN) is a therapy for epilepsy, obesity, depression, and heart diseases. However, whole nerve stimulation leads to side effects. We examined the neuroanatomy of the mid-cervical segment of the human VN and its superior cardiac branch to gain insight into the side effects of VN stimulation and aid in developing targeted stimulation strategies.

Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species.

During the aging process, cells can enter cellular senescence, a state in which cells leave the cell cycle but remain viable. This mechanism is thought to protect tissues from propagation of damaged cells and the number of senescent cells has been shown to increase with age. The speed of aging determines the lifespan of a species and it varies significantly in different species.

Three-Dimensional Osseointegration Patterns of Cementless Femoral Stems: An ex Vivo Study with High-Resolution Imaging and Histological Evaluation.

Background: Osseointegration is essential for the long-term survival of cementless femoral stems and is dependent on periprosthetic bone quality and correct implantation technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 3-dimensional long-term fixation patterns of, and bone microarchitecture around, cementless hip stems.

Methods: Four specimens with varying degrees of bone quality and fixation characteristics from body donors who had received Alloclassic Zweymüller hip stems during their lifetime (mean time in situ at the time of death: 12.

Accuracy Analysis of 3D Bone Fracture Models: Effects of Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging and Image Segmentation.

The introduction of three-dimensional (3D) printed anatomical models has garnered interest in pre-operative planning, especially in orthopedic and trauma surgery. Identifying potential error sources and quantifying their effect on the model dimensional accuracy are crucial for the applicability and reliability of such models. In this study, twenty radii were extracted from anatomic forearm specimens and subjected to osteotomy to simulate a defined fracture of the distal radius (Colles' fracture).

RNA Pol II-dependent transcription efficiency fine-tunes A-to-I editing levels.

A-to-I RNA editing is a widespread epitranscriptomic phenomenon leading to the conversion of adenosines to inosines, which are primarily interpreted as guanosines by cellular machines. Consequently, A-to-I editing can alter splicing or lead to recoding of transcripts. As misregulation of editing can cause a variety of human diseases, A-to-I editing requires tight regulation of the extent of deamination, particularly in protein-coding regions.

First standardized assessment of perforators and perforasomes of the occipital artery - An anatomical study.

Background: Flaps have become an integral part of plastic and reconstructive surgery. The robust blood supply of such flaps is a prerequisite to reduce flap failure. Despite the reported versatility of the occipital flap, comprehensive anatomical studies on its perforators and perforasomes are lacking.

Arterio-venous Anastomoses of the Sucquet-Hoyer Type: Complexity and Distribution in the Human Dermis.

Our study aims at providing detailed information on numbers, form, and spatial distribution of arterio-venous anastomoses of the Sucquet-Hoyer type in the dermis of the nail bed, nail fold corner, thumb pad, arm, nose, glabella, lip, and ear. It further aims at providing a system, which relies on objective morphologic criteria for classifying Sucquet-Hoyer canals (SHCs). Using high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM), digital volume data of eight samples of each skin region were produced.

The structure and function of the human choroid.

In this manuscript, the structure of the human choroid is reviewed with emphasis of the macro- and microscopic anatomy including Bruch's membrane, choriocapillaris, Sattler's and Haller's layer, and the suprachoroid. We here discuss the development of the choroid, as well as the question of choroidal lymphatics, and further the neuronal control of this tissue, as well as the pathologic angiogenesis. Wherever possible, functional aspects of the various structures are included and reviewed.