MRI markers of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus in a population study with 791 participants: Exploring reference values and associations.

Purpose: Epidemiological studies on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) imaging markers and their normal values are scarce. This population-based study aimed to analyze several morphologic and volumetric iNPH-related imaging markers in a large sample, determining their distribution, diagnostic accuracy, suggested cut-offs, and associations with iNPH symptoms.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 791 70 year olds, 40 with radiologically probable iNPH (iNPH) and 751 without iNPH features (reference).

Implementing Goals of Care Notes in a Statewide Health System: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background: Goals of care (GOC) documentation for seriously ill patients is integral to patient-centered care but not standardized. Collaborative efforts within the health system to improve the frequency and documentation of GOC to communicate patient preferences and values are essential to ensure both quality of life and quality of death.

Measures: We created a standard GOC note type and location in the electronic medical record for a large, statewide health system in the Midwest.

Operando visualisation of lithium plating by ultrasound imaging of battery cells.

While developing battery cells, the achievement of fast-charging capability is heavily dependent on avoiding metallic plating on the anode surface (i.e., lithium plating in lithium-ion cells).

Synergizing physics and machine learning for advanced battery management.

Improving battery health and safety motivates the synergy of a powerful duo: physics and machine learning. Through seamless integration of these disciplines, the efficacy of mathematical battery models can be significantly enhanced. This paper delves into the challenges and potentials of managing battery health and safety, highlighting the transformative impact of integrating physics and machine learning to address those challenges.

Delayed onset of cognitive terminal decline in later born cohorts: Evidence from a longitudinal study of two cohorts born 29-years apart.

In this study, we evaluated birth cohort (i.e., generational) differences in the onset and rate of acceleration in cognitive decline prior to death (i.

Frailty detection with routine blood tests using data from the english longitudinal study of ageing (ELSA).

Purpose: Frailty is a rising global health issue in ageing society. Easily accessible and sensitive tools are needed for frailty monitoring while routine blood factors can be potential candidates.

Methods: Data from 1907 participants (aged 60 years or above) were collected from the 4th to 9th wave of the English longitudinal study of ageing.

Automatic speech analysis for detecting cognitive decline of older adults.

Background: Speech analysis has been expected to help as a screening tool for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild-cognitively impairment (MCI). Acoustic features and linguistic features are usually used in speech analysis. However, no studies have yet determined which type of features provides better screening effectiveness, especially in the large aging population of China.

Genetically predicted metabolites mediate the association between immune cells and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Existing studies have presented limited and disparate findings on the nexus between immune cells, plasma metabolites, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between immune cells and MASLD. Additionally, we aimed to identify and quantify the potential mediating role of metabolites.

Community efficacy for non-communicable disease management (COEN): Conceptualization and measurement.

The importance of community-based non-communicable disease (NCD) management has been internationally recognized. However, currently, no instrument is available to evaluate a community's ability to provide NCD management for its residents. This study defined such an ability as "Community Efficacy for NCD Management" (COEN), and aimed to conceptualize, develop and validate a scale to measure COEN.

Functional Transitions Among Older Adults in Rural China: Examining the Differential Roles of Care From Daughters' and Sons' Families.

Objectives: Informal care provided by adult children is of great importance for older adults' well-being in China. This paper investigates and compares the functional transitions among older adults living in rural areas who receive care from daughters' and from sons' families.

Methods: This study utilizes the "Well-being of Elderly Survey in Anhui Province" (WESAP) from 2001 to 2021.

Functional disability and receipt of informal care among Chinese adults living alone with cognitive impairment.

Background: Adults with cognitive impairment are prone to living alone in large numbers but receive relatively little attention. This study aimed to evaluate whether living alone with cognitive impairment was associated with a higher burden of functional disability but lack of informal care.

Methods: 982 observations of adults living alone with cognitive impairment and 50,695 observations of adults living with others and with normal cognition were identified from 4 waves (2011/2012, 2013, 2015, and 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

VasCog 2023: 20 years of research on vascular behavioural and cognitive disorders.

This Commentary describes the 20th Anniversary of VasCog 2023, held in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Impact of stroke on cognition in old age: Comparison of two population-based cohorts, born up to 30 years apart and followed from age 70 to 85.

Little is known about birth cohort differences in the impact of stroke on cognitive aging. Given improved poststroke rehabilitation and better treatments for vascular health risk, we may expect a reduction in the stroke impact in later-born cohorts. We tested this prediction using data from two cohorts, born in 1901-1907 ( = 1,155) and 1930 ( = 919), identified from the same city population at the same age of 70 and subsequently measured on the same cognitive outcomes (i.

Sex-Specific Association Between Childhood Adversity and Accelerated Biological Aging.

Is childhood adversity associated with biological aging, and if so, does sex modify the association, and do lifestyle and mental health mediate the association? A lifespan analysis is conducted using data on 142 872 participants from the UK Biobank to address these questions. Childhood adversity is assessed through the online mental health questionnaire (2016), including physical neglect, physical abuse, emotional neglect, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and a cumulative score. Biological aging is indicated by telomere length (TL) measured from leukocyte DNA using qPCR, and the shorter TL indicates accelerated biological aging; a lifestyle score is constructed using body mass index, physical activity, drinking, smoking, and diet; mental disorder is assessed using depression, anxiety, and insomnia at the baseline survey.

Sleep quality among non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a national cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Insomnia is a common symptom after COVID-19 infection; however, its current evidence was among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia and identify its association with depression and anxiety among non-hospitalized COVID-19 recovered population.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of 1,056 COVID-19 survivors within 6 months of initial COVID-19 infection and retrieved did not require hospitalization.

The natural history of lifetime psychiatric disorders in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder followed over half a century.

Objective: Few long-term studies have examined the life-time prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We therefore studied the frequency of comorbid psychiatric disorders, and their relation to onset and prognosis, in patients with OCD who were followed for almost half a century.

Methods: During 1947-1953, 285 OCD patients were admitted as inpatients to a university hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Prevalence of Possible Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in Sweden: A Population-Based MRI Study in 791 70-Year-Old Participants.

Background And Objectives: Very divergent prevalence rates for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) are reported, probably due to differences in study sample selection and diagnostic criteria. This MRI-based study aimed to determine the prevalence of iNPH and iNPH-specific radiologic changes and their association with clinical symptoms in a large, 70-year-old population-based cohort (Gothenburg H70).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, disturbances in gait and balance, cognition, and urinary continence were assessed using clinical examination and self-report.

Who benefits from the basic old-age insurance contribution subsidy policy for the disabled?

The aim of this paper is to track the whereabouts of basic old-age insurance (BOI) contribution subsidies. Little research has paid attention to the misalignment between the implementation objects of subsidy policies and the actual beneficiaries. In recent years, local governments in China have followed a contribution subsidy policy to help persons with disabilities (PWDs) with lower life expectancies.

The average life expectancy of persons with disabilities in China.

The average life expectancy (ALE) of persons with disabilities (PWDs) is much shorter than that of the total population in many countries. However, there have been relatively few empirical studies on the ALE of PWDs in China. This study estimates the ALE and compiles the life tables of PWDs in China using data on 1,359,812 PWDs registered in the Special Surveys of Basic Services and Needs of the Disabled (SSBSND) in K Province in China from 2015 to 2017.

High blood galectin-3 level associated with risk of frailty in aging.

Background: Frailty is one of the most problematic expressions of population aging, but its underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Circulating galectin-3 (Gal-3) is involved in the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. This study aims to explore the influence of circulating Gal-3 on the regulation of frailty and aging and to identify the potential mechanism further.

The mediating role of quality of life on depression and medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aim: Patients living with diabetes mellitus have a high burden of psychological distress such as depression and anxiety as well as impaired quality of life, which may negatively impact their adherence to medications, glucose control, and health-related costs.This study assessed the impact of quality of life and depression on medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes (type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]) in a tertiary care setting in Ghana.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study involving 238 patients with diabetes aged 18 years and above.

Sixteen-Year Longitudinal Evaluation of Blood-Based DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Early Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic mark reflecting both inherited and environmental influences, has shown promise for Alzheimer's disease (AD) prediction.

Objective: Testing long-term predictive ability (>15 years) of existing DNAm-based epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) measures and identifying novel early blood-based DNAm AD-prediction biomarkers.

Methods: EAA measures calculated from Illumina EPIC data from blood were tested with linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) in a longitudinal case-control sample (50 late-onset AD cases; 51 matched controls) with prospective data up to 16 years before clinical onset, and post-onset follow-up.