Sex Difference in OA: Should We Blame Estrogen?

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain and disability, not only in the United States but also worldwide. The burden of OA is higher in women than in men. Estrogen as a possible explanation for observed sex differences in OA has not been definitively established.

Clinical characteristics, microbiology and outcomes of a cohort of patients treated with ceftolozane/tazobactam in acute care inpatient facilities, Houston, Texas, USA.

Background: Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination with activity against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria, including MDR . This agent is approved for hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. However, most real-world outcome data come from small observational cohorts.

Estimated prevalence of facial injury-related mortality in the United States pediatric population.

Background/aims: In pediatric populations, the epidemiology of facial trauma, their injury patterns, distribution, and outcomes are well known, However, little is known about the risk factors and impacts of minor and moderate facial injuries on in-hospital mortality among children in the United States of America (USA). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for in-hospital mortality among pediatric patients following facial injuries in the USA.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the National Trauma Data Bank's pediatric hospitalized patients (<18 years) with facial injuries (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes 802.

Four Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison of Clinical and Pregnancy Outcomes.

During the last two and a half years, clinical manifestations, disease severity, and pregnancy outcomes have differed among pregnant patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. These changes were preceded by the presence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, known in the literature as variants of concern. The aim of this study is to describe the differences between maternal clinical characteristics and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with COVID-19 during four waves of the COVID-19 epidemic in Serbia.

COVID-19 mortality may be reduced among fully vaccinated solid organ transplant recipients.

Background: Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 due to their immunosuppressed state and reduced immunogenicity from COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. This investigation examined the association between COVID-19 mRNA vaccination status and mortality among SOT recipients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods & Findings: A retrospective, registry-based chart review was conducted investigating COVID-19 mortality among immunosuppressed solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients in a large metropolitan healthcare system in Houston, Texas, USA.

MRI free water as a biomarker for cognitive performance: Validation in the MarkVCID consortium.

Introduction: To evaluate the clinical validity of free water (FW), a diffusion tensor imaging-based biomarker kit proposed by the MarkVCID consortium, by investigating the association between mean FW (mFW) and executive function.

Methods: Baseline mFW was related to a baseline composite measure of executive function (EFC), adjusting for relevant covariates, in three MarkVCID sub-cohorts, and replicated in five, large, independent legacy cohorts. In addition, we tested whether baseline mFW predicted accelerated EFC score decline (mean follow-up time: 1.

Using implementation mapping for the adoption and implementation of in community health centers.

Background: Despite the availability of multilevel evidence-based interventions for blood pressure management, poor hypertension control is common among community health center patient populations across the state of Texas and the United States. is a national initiative from the American Heart Association and the American Medical Association to assist healthcare organizations and care teams in improving blood pressure control rates using evidence-based approaches and recognition of organizations who have successfully integrated the program in their practice. Using the Implementation Mapping approach, we identified determinants of adoption and use and developed implementation strategies to improve program uptake and implementation in Community Health Centers in Texas.

Hospice vs Palliative care: A comprehensive review for primary care physician.

End-of-life medical services in the form of Hospice or Palliative care were initiated in the middle of 1900 in order to comfort the dying patients and support their families. There are a lot of similarities and differences between the two services. Many healthcare providers, including physicians, physician assistants, and nurses, are not fully trained or have comprehensive knowledge of these two types of end-of-life medical care.

Incidence Trends of Kaposi Sarcoma Among Young Non-Hispanic Black Men by US Regions, 2001-2018.

Despite the overall national decline in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) incidence in the United States among persons living with HIV, previous studies suggest there might be specific subgroups of the US population that are associated with higher KS incidence rates than others. Using the 2001-2018 National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database, we assessed KS incidence trends among young men aged 20-34 years by race and ethnicity and geographic region. Statistical significance is 2-sided.

Healthcare utilization among children with a history of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome: A matched cohort study.

Objectives: Compare longitudinal healthcare utilization patterns in children with and without a history of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).

Study Design: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted using billing data extracted from between 2003 and 2016 in North Texas hospitals. The sample included 595 pediatric patients diagnosed with NOWS (i.

Relationship between teacher fidelity to an early childhood obesity prevention program and the Child care center nutrition and physical activity environment.

Background: Child care centers (CCC) can be strategic settings to establish healthy lifestyle behaviors through obesity prevention programs. Fidelity to the implementation of such programs is a vital evaluation component, but is often not measured. This study assessed CCC teacher fidelity to the implementation of "Healthy Caregivers, Healthy Children (HC2)", a CCC-based obesity prevention intervention.

COVID-19 mitigation strategies: A natural experiment highlighting the importance of structure in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

Societal restrictions due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), such as the closure of schools, childcare centers, and community programs, were implemented to prevent the spread of the disease and to protect the health and well-being of the population. These mitigation efforts drastically interrupted the day-to-day environments of children and adolescents and influenced how they spent the majority of their waking hours. Evidence shows on days when children and adolescents are in "structured" settings, such as school or other extracurricular programs or day camps, their obesogenic behaviors (i.

Gene Sequencing Identifies Perturbation in Nitric Oxide Signaling as a Nonlipid Molecular Subtype of Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: A key goal of precision medicine is to disaggregate common, complex diseases into discrete molecular subtypes. Rare coding variants in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene () are identified in 1% to 2% of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, defining a molecular subtype with risk driven by hypercholesterolemia.

Methods: To search for additional subtypes, we compared the frequency of rare, predicted loss-of-function and damaging missense variants aggregated within a given gene in 41 081 CAD cases versus 217 115 controls.

Eye-tracking to examine differences in alcohol product appeal by sex among young people.

Advertising of traditional alcopops contains elements that appeal to youth, especially females. Supersized alcopops are marketed differently than traditional alcopops and contain up to 5.5 standard alcoholic drinks.

Study in Parkinson's disease of exercise phase 3 (SPARX3): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: To date, no medication has slowed the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental data on humans all support many benefits of endurance exercise among persons with PD. The key question is whether there is a definitive additional benefit of exercising at high intensity, in terms of slowing disease progression, beyond the well-documented benefit of endurance training on a treadmill for fitness, gait, and functional mobility.

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Women Born in the 1990s vs the 1980s and Association With HPV Vaccination in the US.

This cross-sectional study examines rates of human papillomavirus infections among a cohort of vaccinated and unvaccinated women born in the 1990s.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This cross-sectional study compares human papillomavirus vaccinations by age and season before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rural Family Physician Perspectives on Wellness and the Role of Training in Supporting Physician Wellness.

Purpose: Research evaluating the well-being of rural family physicians is limited, resulting in minimal understanding of how to prepare family medicine residents to succeed in rural practice postresidency. Our study aimed to investigate factors associated with maintaining wellness within rural family medicine practices and highlight interventions that rural family physicians identify as important to promote wellness among those seeking future employment in rural settings postresidency.

Methods: Forty-eight rural family physicians completed an online survey with qualitative and multiple-choice items including the Mini-Z about physician demographics, burnout, and wellness.

Using ensembles and distillation to optimize the deployment of deep learning models for the classification of electronic cancer pathology reports.

Objective: We aim to reduce overfitting and model overconfidence by distilling the knowledge of an ensemble of deep learning models into a single model for the classification of cancer pathology reports.

Materials And Methods: We consider the text classification problem that involves 5 individual tasks. The baseline model consists of a multitask convolutional neural network (MtCNN), and the implemented ensemble (teacher) consists of 1000 MtCNNs.

Classroom teachers' "off-the-shelf" use of movement integration products and its impact on children's sedentary behavior and physical activity.

Movement integration (MI) products are one of many MI strategies that aim to reduce students' sedentary behavior (SB) and increase physical activity (PA) during classroom time. This study examined elementary classroom teachers' off-the-shelf (i.e.

Evaluating a contact tracing course: How universities can develop the public health workforce.

Objectives: To describe the participants of a university-based COVID-19 contact tracing course and determine whether the course changed knowledge, attitudes, and intention to participate in contact tracing.

Participants: Faculty, staff, and students were eligible.

Methods: Surveys evaluated the impact of the course on participant intentions to engage in contact tracing.

Development and preliminary effectiveness of a smartphone-based, just-in-time adaptive intervention for adults with alcohol misuse who are experiencing homelessness.

Background: Adults experiencing homelessness have much higher rates of alcohol misuse than housed individuals. This study describes the development and preliminary effectiveness of a smartphone-based, just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) to reduce alcohol use among adults experiencing homelessness.

Methods: We conducted a pilot trial (N = 41; mean age [SD] = 45.

Association of Abdominal Visceral Adiposity and Total Fat Mass with Cancer Incidence and Mortality in White and Black Adults.

Background: Race modifies the association between anthropometric measures of obesity and cancer risk. However, the degree to which abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and total fat mass (FM) are associated with cancer risk is not known.

Methods: The sample included 3,017 White and 1,347 Black adults who were assessed between 1995 and 2016 and followed for outcome assessment through 2017.