171 results match your criteria: "Center II[Affiliation]"

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) represents a transformative approach for managing a broad spectrum of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. This comprehensive review delineates the mechanisms underlying VNS, emphasizing the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, and explores interactions within the neuro-immune and vagus-gut axes based on both clinical outcomes and pre-clinical models. Clinical applications have confirmed the efficacy of VNS in managing specific autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic inflammatory conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, showcasing the variability in stimulation parameters and patient responses.

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In recent years, it has become clear that artificial intelligence (AI) models can achieve high accuracy in specific pathology-related tasks. An example is our deep-learning model, designed to automatically detect serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), the precursor lesion to high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, found in the fallopian tube. However, the standalone performance of a model is insufficient to determine its value in the diagnostic setting.

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Purpose: There is limited understanding of the link between exposure to heavy metals and ischemic stroke (IS). This research aimed to develop efficient and interpretable machine learning (ML) models to associate the relationship between exposure to heavy metals and IS.

Methods: The data of this research were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (US NHANES, 2003-2018) database.

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Determining the number of cases of an epidemic is the first function of epidemiological surveillance. An important underreporting of cases was observed in many locations during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. To estimate this underreporting in the COVID-19 outbreak of Borriana (Valencia Community, Spain) in March 2020, a cross-sectional study was performed in June 2020 querying the public health register.

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COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: an opportunity to evaluate extended interval dosing of ocrelizumab in MS patients.

J Neurol

February 2024

I Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Miraglia, 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, ocrelizumab (OCR) infusions for MS patients were often re-scheduled because of MS center's disruption and concerns regarding immunosuppression. The aim of the present study was to assess changes in OCR schedule during the first wave of pandemic in Italy and to evaluate the effect of delayed infusion on clinical/radiological endpoints.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Italian MS Register database.

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Consensus on the detection and management of patients with depression and pain as an associated somatic symptom.

Span J Psychiatry Ment Health

November 2023

Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Health Research (imas12), 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Introduction: Globally, depression is the most common psychiatric disorder and is frequently associated with somatic symptom disorders, including pain as a physical symptom. There is a current need to improve the detection and management of the individuals in which depression and pain coexist. Hence, the aim of this document is to provide recommendations in the diagnosis and management of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who have pain as a physical symptom (PPS), in order to reduce the variability of clinical practice.

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors present on the surface of cells playing a crucial role in innate immunity. One of the TLRs, TLR4, recognizes LPS (Lipopolysaccharide) as its ligand leading to the release of anti-inflammatory mediators as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines through signal transduction and domain recruitment. TLR4 homodimerizes at its intracellular TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain that helps in the recruitment of the TRAM/TICAM2 (TIR domain-containing adaptor molecule 2) molecule.

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Use of food distribution resources among military families with young children since the COVID-19 pandemic.

Public Health Nutr

October 2023

National Military Family Association, 2800 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 250, Alexandria, VA22314, USA.

Objective: The present study examined military families' use of food distribution resources and military (e.g. rank) and non-military (e.

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The performance of a commercial immunofluorescence assay (IFA commercial), an immunofluorescence assay (IFA ) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were evaluated in the detection of antibodies anti- in the serum of Q fever patients and persons without the disease. For the study, seropositive and seronegative samples for Q fever ( = 200) from a serum bank of the Instituto Adolfo Lutz in Brazil were used. Commercial IFA was considered in this study as the gold standard for diagnosing Q fever.

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Type III Secretion in .

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

September 2023

Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are essential for Gram-negative pathogens, allowing them to inject proteins into host cells to manipulate their functions and promote survival.
  • These systems are particularly crucial for obligate intracellular pathogens like Chlamydia, with a significant portion of their genome dedicated to T3SS components.
  • The review will cover the discovery and function of chlamydial T3SS, exploring its role throughout the unique developmental cycle of Chlamydia, as well as advancements in understanding its effectors.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study assesses the effectiveness of thawing and washing protocols for cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), focusing on the best thawing solution and the stability of CD34+ cells over time.
  • Seven cryopreserved cord blood products were tested with three different thawing solutions, revealing that 5% human albumin provided the best results for cell viability and stability.
  • Results indicated that mononuclear cells remained stable for up to 4 hours after thawing, while viable CD34+ cells maintained stability for up to 6 hours, confirming the necessity of careful handling post-thaw to preserve cell functionality.
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Our current work is aimed at synthesizing novel substituted 1,2,4-triazolyl-fluoroquinolone analogs and study of their biological activity to find active promising molecules. The structural elucidation of the products was demonstrated by a variety of spectroscopic methods such as IR, H-NMR, C-NMR, mass and elemental analysis. The newly synthesized 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the growth of seven different microbes including S.

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Purpose: To understand the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination (Covishield, Covaxin) on clinical features and outcome of COVID-19 during the third wave in India.

Materials And Methods: The primary study aim was to describe the clinical profile and outcome of COVID-19 regarding their vaccination and to identify risk factors for disease progression in vaccinated patients. This was a prospective observational multicentric study of COVID-19 attended by Infectious Disease physicians during January 15, 2022 to February 15, 2022.

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Social Support and Perceptions of COVID-19-related Emotional Impact on Mental Health Among Early Adolescents in Appalachia.

J Sch Health

May 2023

Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, PO Box 9190, 3314 HSC South, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26505.

Background: Young people who experience higher levels of social support from their schools and families have been shown to be less likely to develop symptoms of negative mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety. This raises questions concerning how young people's stress and psychological changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as social support during this time have affected their overall mental health. The aim of this study was to assess the association between sources of parental- and school-level social support and youth perceptions of COVID-19-related emotional impact on mental health among early adolescent girls and boys in Appalachia.

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Loss of epigenetic information as a cause of mammalian aging.

Cell

January 2023

Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

All living things experience an increase in entropy, manifested as a loss of genetic and epigenetic information. In yeast, epigenetic information is lost over time due to the relocalization of chromatin-modifying proteins to DNA breaks, causing cells to lose their identity, a hallmark of yeast aging. Using a system called "ICE" (inducible changes to the epigenome), we find that the act of faithful DNA repair advances aging at physiological, cognitive, and molecular levels, including erosion of the epigenetic landscape, cellular exdifferentiation, senescence, and advancement of the DNA methylation clock, which can be reversed by OSK-mediated rejuvenation.

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Translational research: from basic research to regional biomedical entrepreneurship.

Small Bus Econ (Dordr)

August 2022

Institute for International Science and Technology Policy & Department of Economics, George Washington University, 1957 E Street NW Suite 403, Washington DC, 20052 USA.

This paper examines the effect of translational research on knowledge production and biomedical entrepreneurship across U.S. regions.

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The purpose of this study was to estimate the association between environmental variables and leisure-time physical activity levels in an adult population of a medium-sized city in Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 965 adults (20-59 years). Individual, socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral data were obtained through a population-based survey.

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Potential genotoxic impurities (PGI) and N-nitrosamine impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their determination at low levels are substantial challenges for cholesterol-lowering agents in recent years. Herein we developed a robust, reliable, rapid, accurate and validated technique of gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) for quantifying subtle levels of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (PGI-I) and 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol (PGI-II) in colesevelam hydrochloride drug substance (bile acid sequestrant). The separation of colesevelam hydrochloride, PGI-I and PGI-II was executed with chromatographic technique using a capillary column, DB-624 measuring with 30 m × 0.

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Background: Child marriage remains an important social issue in Indonesia. Child marriages were reported from 14.67% in 2008 to 10.

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Respirable fine particulate matter (PM) has been one of the most widely publicized indicators of pollution in recent years. Epidemiological studies have established a strong association between PM, lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that PM is also strongly associated with brain damage, mainly cerebrovascular damage (stroke) and neurological damage to the brain (changes in cognitive function, dementia, psychiatric disorders, etc.

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Pectin is a dietary fiber, and its health effects have been described extensively. Although there are limited clinical studies, there is a growing body of evidence from in vitro studies investigating the effect of pectin on human gut microbiota. This comprehensive review summarizes the findings of gut microbiota modulation in vitro as assessed by 16S rRNA gene-based technologies and elucidates the potential structure-activity relationships.

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Previous studies demonstrated that insecticide collars are highly effective in reducing canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL); however, it is unclear if the efficacy differs by socioeconomic conditions across diverse communities. This study aimed fourfold: (i) to evaluate the protection of 4% impregnated deltamethrin collared (DMC) dogs in different areas of an endemic city for visceral leishmaniasis (VL); (ii) to analyze socioeconomic variables with the seroconversion rates; (iii) to analyze the indirect effect of DMC on untreated dogs in areas of intervention; and, (iv) to evaluate the potential transmission to other dogs in the same household when one positive dog is present. The study employed the municipality of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil, as the area of interest and used Geographic Information System tools to fit binary logistic regression models.

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Introduction: The safety and efficacy of tirofiban in intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) bridging to mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirofiban in IVT bridging to mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases for randomized controlled trials and observational studies (case-control studies and cohort studies) comparing the tirofiban and non-tirofiban groups in AIS intravenous thrombolysis bridging to mechanical thrombectomy (Published by November 20, 2021).

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Q fever and brucellosis are zoonoses that cause fever and other systemic clinical signs in humans; their occurrences are neglected and the differential diagnosis for some diseases is disregarded. This study aimed to investigate the seropositivity for Coxiella burnetii and Brucella spp. antibodies in patients suspected of dengue from 38 municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

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