In Search of Evidence-Informed Pedagogy for International Field Education: A Narrative Review.

Purpose: The authors examined the current state of available evidence to inform pedagogical practices for improving international field education.

Method: The comprehensive search followed the PRISMA checklist for reviews. After outlining specific inclusion criteria, four syntax combinations were used to search five different search engines.

Mass Spectrometry Techniques: Principles and Practices for Quantitative Proteomics.

In the current omics-age of research, major developments have been made in technologies that attempt to survey the entire repertoire of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites present within a cell. While genomics has led to a dramatic increase in our understanding of such things as disease morphology and how organisms respond to medications, it is critical to obtain information at the proteome level since proteins carry out most of the functions within the cell. The primary tool for obtaining proteome-wide information on proteins within the cell is mass spectrometry (MS).

Joint Statement on Pediatric Education at Schools of Pharmacy.

Providing health care for children is a unique specialty, and pediatric patients represent approximately 25% of the population. Education of pharmacy students on patients across the lifespan is required by current Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education standards and outcomes; thus, it is essential that pharmacy students gain a proficiency in caring for children. A collaborative panel of pediatric faculty members from schools and colleges of pharmacy was established to review the current literature regarding pediatric education in Doctor of Pharmacy curricula and establish updated recommendations for the provision of pediatric pharmacy education.

Pharmacy practice research priorities during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations of a panel of experts convened by FIP Pharmacy Practice Research Special Interest Group.

Across the globe, pharmacists on the frontline continue to fight COVID-19 and its continuously evolving physical, mental, and economic consequences armed by their knowledge, professionalism, and dedication. Their need for credible scientific evidence to inform their practice has never been more urgent. Despite the exponentially increasing number of publications since the start of the pandemic, questions remain unanswered, and more are created, than have been resolved by the increasing number of publications.

The role of health literacy, depression, disease knowledge, and self-efficacy in self-care among adults with heart failure: An updated model.

Background: Patients with inadequate health literacy and heart failure face high healthcare costs, more hospitalizations, and greater mortality. To address these negative consequences, patients need to improve heart failure self-care. Multiple factors may influence self-care, but the exact model by which they do so is not fully understood.

Training student pharmacists to facilitate human immunodeficiency virus point-of-care testing.

Background And Purpose: The advent of HIV point-of-care testing (POCT) has increased ease of access to HIV testing in the outpatient setting. As community pharmacy continues to expand, it is crucial that student pharmacists are exposed to POCT in the classroom so they are prepared for more intensive training as a pharmacist as they could be providing POCT in future practice. Our objective was to train student pharmacists to perform HIV POCT and educate patients on results and implications of testing.

The Self-Management Experiences of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Descriptive Phenomenology Study.

Many adolescents with type 1 diabetes experience challenges in achieving good glycemic control and have insufficient understanding in executing interventions for glycemic control. This study aimed to understand self-management experiences of adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Taiwan. In this descriptive phenomenological study, we conducted in-depth interviews with 18 adolescents with type 1 diabetes from the pediatric outpatient clinic of a medical center.

A Simulation Activity to Assess Student Pharmacists' Knowledge and Perceptions of Oncology Pharmacy.

To assess the impact of an interactive activity on student pharmacists' confidence in answering oncology-related questions and their perceptions of an oncology pharmacists' roles in practice. Two cohorts (2016 and 2017) of third-year student pharmacists completed a two-hour, interactive, four-station activity during the fourth week of an oncology module. Each station simulated a different oncology-related scenario that represented a specific practice settings.

Assessment of clinical inertia in people with diabetes within primary care.

Rationale, Aims And Objectives: Clinical inertia, defined as a delay in treatment intensification, is prevalent in people with diabetes. Treatment intensification rates are as low as 37.1% in people with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values >7%.

A simulated patient experience to improve pharmacy student empathy for patients on hemodialysis.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to increase student empathy towards hemodialysis patients through an educational intervention that simulates a hemodialysis patient experience.

Methods: Second-year pharmacy students (n = 83) in a required therapeutic module were asked to follow key lifestyle modifications of a hemodialysis patient for two weeks. Students' self-perceived empathy level was assessed using the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale (KCES) pre- and post-intervention and post-reflection questions captured students' perceptions of the experience.

Evaluation of student perceptions of introductory pharmacy practice experiences.

Introduction: Introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs) are focused on sharpening the student's knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes related to becoming an effective member of the healthcare team. Currently, the literature on student pharmacists' perceptions focused only on advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs). This study gathered perceptions of IPPEs from pharmacy students in their first through third year professional years.

Description of Position Ads for Pharmacy Technicians.

Pharmacy technician roles are evolving alongside the changing role of a pharmacist. There is currently no uniform definition of a pharmacy technician's role in the pharmacy workforce. The objective of this study was to look at the United States-based pharmacy technician advertisement database from Pharmacy Week to find patterns and commonalities in the duties and qualifications of pharmacy technicians.

Implementation of a motivational interviewing-based decision tool to improve childhood vaccination rates: Pilot study protocol.

Background: Parental concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccines have been on the rise over the past decade, resulting in a decline in comprehensive vaccine coverage in children. Healthcare practitioners face many challenges when recommending childhood vaccinations, with many parents refusing vaccination due to these and other concerns. Effective communication strategies and tools can equip providers to communicate with vaccine hesitant parents, but validated tools are currently lacking.

Assessment of a multi-institution integration of cultural competency activities.

Introduction: To meet educational standards and provide effective patient care, student pharmacists must be well-prepared to interact with a diverse patient population. Thus, the objective was to assess the effectiveness of four different active learning strategies in enhancing the cultural competency (CC) of student pharmacists at multiple institutions.

Methods: Across two years, eight colleges/schools of pharmacy integrated two sets of CC activities with different student cohorts (first-third professional year) that were designed to address different aspects of CC.

Improvement of student confidence and competence through a self-care skills multi-course integration.

Introduction: Our goal was to evaluate the impact of integrating self-care concepts in class, a pharmacy practice laboratory, and an introductory pharmacy practice experience on student confidence and competence in self-care counseling.

Methods: Two cohorts of first-year professional pharmacy students were taught self-care topics using team-based learning (TBL) pedagogy. Students then applied their knowledge in two different settings: a patient-counseling simulation in a pharmacy practice laboratory and a real patient encounter at a pharmacy practice site.

Treating postpartum depression with brexanolone.

The FDA has approved brexanolone specifically for treatment of adults with postpartum depression (PPD). Administered I.V.

Co-Curriculum Implementation and Assessment in Accredited Doctor of Pharmacy Programs.

To determine how accredited Doctor of Pharmacy programs implement and evaluate the co-curriculum requirement as mandated by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE). A survey was administered to all ACPE-accredited pharmacy programs to collect information regarding how co-curriculum models were being implemented, including types of activities, structure, learning outcomes, oversight, and assessment. The frequency of responses to items were presented to describe the general features of co-curriculum models.

Assessing the Effects of a Paired TBL Session and Patient Simulation on Pharmacy Student HIV Treatment Knowledge.

Description Of The Problem: Pharmacists can play a crucial role in monitoring, counseling, and providing adherence checks across practice pharmacy settings; but they may not gain experience in this area until after graduating from pharmacy school.

Statement Of Innovation: Students participated in an intentionally aligned team-based learning session followed by completion of an HIV patient treatment worksheet and an HIV patient care simulation. This sequence was assessed using the HIV Treatment Knowledge Scale.

Realizing the vision for pediatric pharmacy practice advancement through strategic planning and implementation.

Purpose: In a rapidly changing healthcare landscape, pharmacy leaders must be agile and innovative to ensure that patients receive the highest-quality care. Here we describe the benefits of using a structured approach to pediatric pharmacy practice advancement guided by strategic planning and quality improvement principles.

Summary: Although there are many profound differences between pediatric and adult pharmacy management practices, many similarities also exist.

Tumor-Targeted, Cytoplasmic Delivery of Large, Polar Molecules Using a pH-Low Insertion Peptide.

Tumor-targeted drug delivery systems offer not only the advantage of an enhanced therapeutic index, but also the possibility of overcoming the limitations that have largely restricted drug design to small, hydrophobic, "drug-like" molecules. Here, we explore the ability of a tumor-targeted delivery system centered on the use of a pH-low insertion peptide (pHLIP) to directly deliver moderately polar, multi-kDa molecules into tumor cells. A pHLIP is a short, pH-responsive peptide capable of inserting across a cell membrane to form a transmembrane helix at acidic pH.

Evaluation of a sepsis teaching rounds simulation for pharmacy students.

Background And Purpose: The goal of this prospective, observational cohort study was to determine if simulated interdisciplinary teaching rounds improved student perceptions of confidence and attitudes towards working as part of a team. The secondary objective of this study was to investigate changes in student knowledge of the management of sepsis.

Educational Activity And Setting: Students participated in a traditional sepsis lecture followed by a simulated interdisciplinary rounding experience.

A Survey of Health Sciences Faculty Practices and Attitudes Regarding the Peer Feedback Component of Team-Based Learning.

Background: Peer feedback, an essential component of team-based learning (TBL), fosters accountability among team members. Effective utilization can be advantageous for both students and faculty, although there may be many implementation challenges. Our study objectives were to (1) identify current practices of peer feedback in TBL, (2) identify curricular assessment related to peer feedback, and (3) identify challenges with peer feedback in TBL.