Critical reappraisal of short-acting bronchodilators for pediatric respiratory diseases.

Short-acting bronchodilators are a class of medications commonly used to treat asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other respiratory conditions. The use of these medications has evolved over time as we have gained a better understanding of their effectiveness and safety in the pediatric population. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current understanding of short-acting β2-agonists and short-acting anticholinergics in children.

Imported allergens in Italy: an emerging issue.

Imported allergens are involved in many allergic reactions, with unexpected and unusual implications. They can be involved in developing asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, Hymenoptera venom allergies and food allergies. Imported allergens can be implied in respiratory allergies attributable to commercial practices and accidental diffusion through air currents that have introduced non-native species in new geographical contexts.

Personalization of Complementary Feeding in Children With Acute Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome.

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a food allergy that results in repetitive vomiting, lethargy, and pallor within 1 to 4 hours of food ingestion. One of the issues in its management is the introduction of new foods. Over the past 25 years, suggestions have been made mainly based on the likelihood that a given food family could induce an episode of acute FPIES.

Utility and Limits of Lung Ultrasound in Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Lessons from a Case Series and Literature Review.

Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis is often a challenge that requires a combination of history, clinical, radiological, immunological and microbiological findings. Radiological diagnosis is based today on the use of chest X-ray and chest CT that, in addition to being radio-invasive tools for children, are often not available in countries with low-resources. A non-invasive, easily usable and reproducible, low-cost diagnostic tool as LUS would therefore be useful to use to support the diagnosis of childhood PTB.

Adherence to dietary prescriptions in patients with acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-Immunoglobulin (non-IgE)-mediated food allergy. The elimination diet is the only therapy, the culprit food will be reintroduced if tolerance is acquired. However, it is possible that patients do not follow the recommendations given by the healthcare professional.

Potential Application of Lung Ultrasound in Children with Severe Uncontrolled Asthma: Preliminary Hypothesis Based on a Case Series.

In recent years, lung ultrasound (LUS) has been increasingly used for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases in both adult and pediatric patients. However, asthma is a field in which the use of LUS is not yet well defined, or is in development. In the following case series, we describe clinical, laboratory, and radiological results, as well as detailed lung ultrasound findings of six children with asthma: some of them with acute asthma attack and with inadequately controlled allergic asthma or childhood asthma; others with acute asthma and allergic or infantile asthma adequately controlled by preventive therapy.

Non-allergic benign infantile proctocolitis: a neglected nosographic entity.

The presence of rectal bleeding in the first months of life is very often diagnosed as food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP). The symptoms typically start in infancy, and most cases resolve by age 12 months. Infants with FPIAP usually present bloody stools mixed with mucus, with or without reduced stool consistency.

Sensitivity of prick test with walnut commercial extracts and of prick by prick with raw walnut compared with open food challenge in walnut allergy.

Background And Aim: Diagnosis of walnut allergy includes the evaluation of IgE sensitization by skin prick tests (SPT) with standardized commercial extracts. When assuming the loss of relevant allergens due to extract preparation and storage, it is possible to perform SPT with fresh foods, i.e.

Food Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis in pediatric age. Can we trust the oral food challenge with exercise and acetylsalicylic acid?

Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is an IgE-mediated allergy resulting from the combination of the ingestion of an offending food and physical exercise. According literature, oral food challenge (OFC) followed by physical exercise (OFCPE) should be considered the diagnostic gold standard. In the absence of adverse reactions, other cofactors should be added (e.

Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: Proposals for New Definitions.

Acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated allergy and is characterized by repetitive profuse vomiting episodes, often in association with pallor, lethargy, and diarrhea, presenting within 1-4 h from the ingestion of a triggering food. In 2017, the international consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of FPIES were published. They cover all aspects of this syndrome, which in recent decades has attracted the attention of pediatric allergists.

Yogurt is tolerated by the majority of children with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy.

Background: Children with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (IgE-CMA) with gastrointestinal symptoms tolerate yogurt at 100%. Yogurt tolerance in children with IgE-CMA with urticaria and anaphylaxis was 7%.

Methods: We enrolled children with IgE-CMA with cutaneous, respiratory, gastrointestinal and anaphylactic symptoms.

Predictive value of the number of adverse reaction episodes for the IgE-mediated food allergy diagnosis.

Introduction And Objectives: The reproducibility of the adverse reaction increases the suggestiveness of a history of food allergy. However, the positive predictive value (PPV) of multiple adverse reaction episodes for the diagnosis of IgE-mediated food allergy is not known. This evaluation was the objective of our study.

Effect of multiple honey doses on non-specific acute cough in children. An open randomised study and literature review.

Background: Honey is recommended for non-specific acute paediatric cough by the Australian guidelines. Current available randomised clinical trials evaluated the effects of a single evening dose of honey, but multiple doses outcomes have never been studied.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of wildflower honey, given for three subsequent evenings, on non-specific acute paediatric cough, compared to dextromethorphan (DM) and levodropropizine (LDP), which are the most prescribed over-the-counter (OTC) antitussives in Italy.