How to preserve the native or reconstructed esophagus after perforations or postoperative leaks: A multidisciplinary 15-year experience.

Background: Esophageal perforation or postoperative leak after esophageal surgery remain a life-threatening condition. The optimal management strategy is still unclear.

Aim: To determine clinical outcomes and complications of our 15-year experience in the multidisciplinary management of esophageal perforations and anastomotic leaks.

Italian Expert Opinion on Chronic Hand Eczema: from Guidelines to Clinical Practice.

Introduction: Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by different pathomechanisms, clinical presentations, and prognoses. Treatment is often challenging because of limited approved drugs, and severe CHE is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and poor overall health measures in terms of psychological, functional, and occupational challenges. This study aims to describe the real-life management practices of Italian dermatologists who frequently treat patients with CHE, compare these practices with existing guidelines, and propose practical clinical recommendations for the management of these patients.

The Three Pillars of Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review and Novel Analysis of Multi-Omics and Clinical Data.

Glioblastoma is the most fatal and common malignant brain tumor, excluding metastasis and with a median survival of approximately one year. While solid tumors benefit from newly approved drugs, immunotherapy, and prevention, none of these scenarios are opening for glioblastoma. The key to unlocking the peculiar features of glioblastoma is observing its molecular and anatomical features tightly entangled with the host's central nervous system (CNS).

The Molecular Mechanisms of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the sixth most diagnosed cancer worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The association of HCC and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) represents an advanced stage of the tumor. PVT has a prevalence of about 25-50% in HCC, determining poor prognosis and a remarkable reduction in therapeutic perspectives in these patients, leading to severe complications such as ascites, metastasis, an increase in portal hypertension and potentially fatal gastrointestinal bleeding.

The Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries' Perspective on Global Neurosurgery Collaborations.

Background And Objectives: Access to neurosurgical care is limited in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and in marginalized communities in high-income countries (HICs). International partnerships represent one possible means of addressing this issue. Insights from surgeons in HICs have been explored, but data from LMICs' counterparts are scarce.

Rational design, synthesis, and biophysical characterization of a peptidic MDM2-MDM4 interaction inhibitor.

In recent years, the restoration of p53 physiological functions has become an attractive therapeutic approach to develop novel and efficacious cancer therapies. Among other mechanisms, the oncosuppressor protein p53 is functionally regulated by MDM2 through its E3 ligase function. MDM2 promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation following homodimerization or heterodimerization with MDM4.

Fluorescence guidance in skull base surgery: Applications and limitations - A systematic review.

Introduction: Intraoperative fluorescence guidance is a well-established surgical adjunct in high-grade glioma surgery. In contrast, the clinical use of such dyes and technology has been scarcely reported in skull base surgery.

Research Question: We aimed to systematically review the clinical applications of different fluorophores in both open and endonasal skull base surgery.

Anaphylaxis after SonoVue: A Case Report and a Literature Review.

SonoVue (Bracco, Milan, Italy) is a drug used in ultrasonography for the purpose of increasing the echogenicity of blood or fluids by improving the signal-to-noise ratio. : We described a case of anaphylaxis due to SonoVue and performed a literature review. : We reported a case of anaphylaxis secondary to the administration of SonoVue and described all the 13 literature cases.

Profiling severe asthma: Any relevance for age? An analysis from Severe Asthma Network Italy (SANI) cohort.

Background: Aging implies changes in terms of lung function, immune system, and respiratory and extra-respiratory comorbidities. Few studies have specifically addressed the relevance of age on severe asthma burden and control. We aimed to evaluate whether age acts as an independent determinant of asthma severity, in terms of clinical, functional, and inflammatory profile, and to explore potential cofactors that contribute to a more difficult disease control in different age groups.

Parapneumonic empyema in children: a scoping review of the literature.

Community-acquired pneumonia can lead to a serious complication called empyema, which refers to pus within the pleural space. While it poses a significant threat to morbidity, particularly in children, it is fortunately not associated with high mortality rates. However, determining the best course of management for children, including decisions regarding antibiotic selection, administration methods, and treatment duration, remains a topic of ongoing debate.

Quantum Medicine and Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Associated Chronic Low-Back Pain: A Pilot Observational Study on the Clinical and Bio-Psycho-Social Effects of Bioresonance Therapy.

: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an invasive and potentially disabling syndrome characterized by a multitude of symptoms capable of reducing the quality of life of patients. Among the most disabling symptoms of IBS is certainly physical pain, which manifests itself mainly at the abdominal level but can also appear in other areas of the body, particularly in the form of chronic low-back pain (CLBP). Among the non-invasive methods of treating organ-specific pathologies and organ-related musculoskeletal problems, the use of Bioresonance Therapy (BT)-based on the administration of self-modulating Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, capable of determining a rebalance of bio-electrical and metabolic activity in the presence of various functional alterations-is currently gaining acceptance.

Crohn's Disease: Radiological Answers to Clinical Questions and Review of the Literature.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory condition, involving primarily the bowel, characterized by a typical remitting-relapsing pattern. Despite endoscopy representing the reference standard for the diagnosis and assessment of disease activity, radiological imaging has a key role, providing information about mural and extra-visceral involvement. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging are the most frequently used radiological techniques in clinical practice for both the diagnosis and staging of CD involving the small bowel in non-urgent settings.

Quantitative assessment of self-management in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An unmet clinical need.

In this editorial we comment on the article titled "Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease" by Zeng published in a recent issue of the . Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents one of the current challenges in hepatology and public health, due to its continuous growing prevalence and the rising incidence of NAFLD-related fibrosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. The only effective therapeutic strategy for this disease is represented by encouraging patients to improve their lifestyle through the modification of dietary intake and increased physical exercise, but the effective application of such modifications is often limited by various factors such as lack of information, psychological barriers or poor social support.

Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Double-Edged Weapon.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent among primary liver tumors (90%) and one of the main causes of cancer-related death. It develops usually in a chronically inflamed environment, ranging from compensatory parenchymal regeneration to fibrosis and cirrhosis: carcinogenesis can potentially happen in each of these stages. Inflammation determined by chronic viral infection (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis delta viruses) represents an important risk factor for HCC etiology through both viral direct damage and immune-related mechanisms.

Role of Device-Assisted Enteroscopy in Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's Disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, posing diagnostic and management challenges due to its potential involvement of any segment from the mouth to the anus. Device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) has emerged as a significant advancement in the management of CD, particularly for its ability to access the small intestine-a region difficult to evaluate with conventional endoscopic methods. This review discusses the pivotal role of DAE in the nuanced management of CD, emphasizing its enhanced diagnostic precision and therapeutic efficacy.

Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound in differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-invasive differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other liver cancer ( cholangiocarcinoma or metastasis) is highly challenging and definitive diagnosis still relies on histological exam. The patterns of enhancement and wash-out of liver nodules can be used to stratify the risk of malignancy only in cirrhotic patients and HCC frequently shows atypical features. Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS) with standardized software could help to overcome these obstacles, providing functional and quantitative parameters and potentially improving accuracy in the evaluation of tumor perfusion.

Navigating the Intersection: Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are intricate systemic conditions that can extend beyond the gastrointestinal tract through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Sarcopenia, characterized by a reduction in muscle mass and strength, often emerges as a consequence of the clinical course of IBDs. Indeed, sarcopenia exhibits a high prevalence in Crohn's disease (52%) and ulcerative colitis (37%).

Blepharophimosis with intellectual disability and Helsmoortel-Van Der Aa Syndrome share episignature and phenotype.

Blepharophimosis with intellectual disability (BIS) is a recently recognized disorder distinct from Nicolaides-Baraister syndrome that presents with distinct facial features of blepharophimosis, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. BIS is caused by pathogenic variants in SMARCA2, that encodes the catalytic subunit of the superfamily II helicase group of the BRG1 and BRM-associated factors (BAF) forming the BAF complex, a chromatin remodeling complex involved in transcriptional regulation. Individuals bearing variants within the bipartite nuclear localization (BNL) signal domain of ADNP present with the neurodevelopmental disorder known as Helsmoortel-Van Der Aa Syndrome (HVDAS).