Accuracy of SARC-F and SARC-CalF for sarcopenia screening in older women from southern Brazil.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of the SARC-F and the SARC-CalF as screening tools for sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women ≥60 y of age.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study evaluating a convenience sample of women ≥60 y of age, living in Southern Brazil. Sarcopenia was defined according to the criteria proposed in the latest European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People consensus (EWGSOP2).

Neuroimmunomodulatory and Neuroprotective Effects of the Flavonoid Apigenin in Models of Neuroinflammation Associated With Alzheimer's Disease.

Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of neurons. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most incident age-related ND, in which the presence of a chronic inflammatory compound seems to be related to its pathogenesis. Different stimuli in the central nervous system (CNS) can induce activation, proliferation, and changes in phenotype and glial function, which can be modulated by anti-inflammatory agents.

Thimerosal-containing vaccines and deficit in child development: Population-based study in southern Brazil.

Background: The discussion on the safety of thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) and their impact on child development it́s very relevant.

Methods: This is a cohort study with mother-child dyads who received prenatal care in the Unified Health System. The domains of motor, cognitive and language development were evaluated in children between 24 and 36 months of age.

Critical appraisal of definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity based on a systematic review.

Background: Sarcopenic obesity is a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of excess fat mass and sarcopenia. Currently, different definitions of sarcopenic obesity exist and its diagnostic criteria and cut-offs are not universally established. Therefore, the prevalence and sensitivity of this condition for any disease risk prediction is affected significantly.

The perception of parental bonding in pregnant adolescents and its association with generalized anxiety disorder.

Background: The parental bonding is influenced by two dimensions: care and control or protection over the child of both parents. The lack of care during childhood may make the individual more susceptible to the onset of psychiatric disorders when adult. These psychiatric disorders when present during pregnancy may have a negative impact on the health of pregnant women and children.

Enhanced cholinergic-tone during the stress induce a depressive-like state in mice.

Major depressive disorder has a heterogeneous etiology, since it arises from the interaction of multiple factors and different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in the symptomatology. This study aimed to investigate the role of the cholinergic system in the susceptibility to stress and, consequently, in the depression-like behavior. C57BL/6 mice were treated with Physostigmine (PHYS), an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, and were submitted to the social defeat stress.

Factors Associated with Sarcopenia in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction; Sarcopenia are frequently observed in cancer patients and was associated with poor prognosis. Objectives; to determine the association of nutritional status, body composition, and clinic parameters with sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods; We conducted a cross-sectional study of 197 patients with CRC.

Effect of alcohol and illicit substance use on verbal memory among individuals with bipolar disorder.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a well-established feature of bipolar disorder (BD). Comorbid BD and substance use leads to poor psychosocial and clinical outcomes. However, knowledge on the neurocognitive functioning of individuals with dual diagnosis is limited.

PREVALENCE OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO METABOLIC SYNDROME IN A COHORT OF CHILDREN IN SOUTH BRAZIL.

Introduction: the Metabolic Syndrome is a group of disorders and it has gaining importance due to its association with the subsequent development of cardiovascular diseases.

Objectives: to determine the prevalence of risk factors associated to the metabolic syndrome in children from a cohort in Southern Brazil.

Methods: a prospective cohort study with hospital screening of all births (2741) occurred from September 2002 to May 2003, monitoring a random sample of 30.

Guanosine Protects Against Cortical Focal Ischemia. Involvement of Inflammatory Response.

Stroke is the major cause of death and the most frequent cause of disability in the adult population worldwide. Guanosine plays an important neuroprotective role in several cerebral ischemic models and is involved in the modulation of oxidative responses and glutamatergic parameters. Because the excessive reactive oxygen species produced during an ischemic event can trigger an inflammatory response, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that guanosine is neuroprotective against focal cerebral ischemia, inhibits microglia/macrophages activation, and mediates an inflammatory response ameliorating the neural damage.

Scanning electron microscopy of a blister roof in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

In dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa the genetic defect of anchoring fibrils leads to cleavage beneath the basement membrane, with its consequent loss. We performed scanning electron microscopy of an inverted blister roof of a case of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, confirmed by immunomapping and gene sequencing. With a magnification of 2000 times a net attached to the blister roof could be easily identified.

Tattoos on 18-year-old male adolescents--characteristics and associated factors.

Background: Prevalence of tattoos is around 10-26% in men and 10-22% in women, and can involve negative effects such as: regret, removal attempts, physical and biological changes of the skin and association with some viral diseases.

Objective: to determine the prevalence, characteristics and factors associated with tattoos in recruiters joining the military.

Methods: the recruiters were examined by dermatologists that documented the presence or absence of tattoos, as well as their sizes, colors, designs and patterns, and whether they needed a parent's consent to get a tattoo.

Prevalence of factors related to the bone mass formation of children from a cohort in Southern Brazil.

Introduction: The amount of bone mass acquired in the early stages of life is an important determinant of its peak and future risk of osteoporosis and fractures.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of factors that contributes to the formation of bone mass in children of a Southern Brazil cohort.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study with hospital screening of all births (2741) occurred from September/ 2002 to May/2003 and monitoring of a random sample of 30.

Macrodactyly with skin hypertrophy: a minimal form of the Proteus syndrome.

The Proteus syndrome was described 1983 . It has asymmetric gigantism of the limbs, verrucous epidermal naevi, cerebriform enlargement of the plantar region, vascular malformations and neoplasms, as lipomas. It received this denomination after Proteus from the Greek mythology, who had the ability to change his form .