Senescence-Associated Molecules and Tumor-Immune-Interactions as Prognostic Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer.

Background And Aims: The initiation of cellular senescence in response to protumorigenic stimuli counteracts malignant progression in (pre)malignant cells. Besides arresting proliferation, cells entering this terminal differentiation state adopt a characteristic senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which initiates alterations to their microenvironment and effects immunosurveillance of tumorous lesions. However, some effects mediated by senescent cells contribute to disease progression.

CEUS-assessed supraspinatus muscle perfusion improves after tendon repair and predicts anatomical and functional outcome: A 1-year prospective pilot study.

Rotator cuff tear including SSP (Supraspinatus) tendon tears are a very common and often painful condition with several therapeutic options such as tendon repair. Reflected by the high retear rates, the preoperative selection of patients suitable for surgery or conservative treatment, which often yields comparable results, remains difficult. Using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), it is possible to quantify the SSP muscle perfusion as a surrogate parameter for its vitality and healing capabilities.

Lateralising DMMO (MIS) for simultaneous correction of a pes adductus during surgical treatment of a hallux valgus.

The surgical correction of a hallux valgus deformity presenting with a pes adductus has long proven to be a difficult undertaking. The medial shift of the metatarsal bones limits the scope for surgical correction and leads to inherently high reoccurrence rates. Current invasive treatments often give rise to profound soft tissue trauma and prolonged swelling, while requiring strict relief from weight-bearing in the affected foot.

Tumor Suppressor Function of miR-127-3p and miR-376a-3p in Osteosarcoma Cells.

Since the introduction of high-dose chemotherapy about 35 years ago, survival rates of osteosarcoma patients have not been significantly improved. New therapeutic strategies replacing or complementing conventional chemotherapy are therefore urgently required. MicroRNAs represent promising targets for such new therapies, as they are involved in the pathology of multiple types of cancer, and aberrant expression of several miRNAs has already been shown in osteosarcoma.

Treatment of Early Breast Cancer Patients: Evidence, Controversies, Consensus: Focusing on Systemic Therapy - German Experts' Opinions for the 16th International St. Gallen Consensus Conference (Vienna 2019).

A German working group of leading breast cancer experts have discussed the votes at the International St. Gallen Consensus Conference in Vienna for the treatment of primary breast cancer with regard to the German AGO (Ar-beitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie) recommendations for clinical practice in Germany. Three of the German breast cancer experts were also members of this year's St.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) as Predictor for Early Retear and Functional Outcome After Supraspinatus Tendon Repair.

Supraspinatus (SSP) tendon tears represent a common indication for shoulder surgery. Yet, prediction of postoperative function and tendon retear remains challenging and primarily relies on morphologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based parameters, supported by patients' demographic data like age, gender, and comorbidities. Considering continuously high retear rates, especially in patients with larger tears and negative prognostic factors, improved outcome prediction could be of high clinical value.

Intra-observer and Device-Dependent Inter-observer Reliability of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Muscle Perfusion Quantification.

Muscle perfusion quantification by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) may facilitate treatment decisions in musculoskeletal disorders. Translation into clinical routine relies on high intra-observer and inter-observer reliability and transferability between ultrasound devices to enable validation and multicenter studies. This study evaluates these aspects for deltoid muscle perfusion quantification, including possible multicenter study setups.

Impact of surgical procedures on soft tissue microcirculation in calcaneal fractures: A prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: Wound healing complications are a major concern after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in patients with calcaneal fractures. Microcirculation is known to play a key role in bone and soft tissue healing. The present study aimed to characterize and contrast the dynamics of changes in microcirculation comparing two different surgical procedures: A) ORIF and B) a minimally invasive approach (MIA).

Preoperative deltoid assessment by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as predictor for shoulder function after reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a prospective pilot study.

Introduction: Although the deltoid represents the main motor muscle after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), its standardized preoperative assessment regarding morphology and function is still not established. Its clinical relevance and interactions with major biomechanical parameters like the medialization of the center of rotation (COR) regarding shoulder function after RSA are yet unknown. We evaluated contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the deltoid as possible surrogate marker for individual deltoid properties of patients receiving an RSA, and its predictive value for postoperative shoulder function.

The Link Between Local Recurrence and Distant Metastases in Patients With Rectal Cancer.

Background/aim: The relationships between local recurrence (LR), the development of distant metastases (DM) and prognosis in patients with rectal cancer remain unclear.

Patients And Methods: In 606 patients who underwent curative resection, the role of LR was assessed retrospectively by time-dependent multivariate Cox models with inverse probability of treatment weighting taking into account competing risks.

Results: Patients with LR had more DM than patients without LR (49/79, 62% vs.

Optimization of the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay as reliable in vivo model for the analysis of osteosarcoma.

Survival rates of osteosarcoma patients could not be significantly improved by conventional chemotherapeutic treatment regimens since the introduction of high-dose chemotherapy 35 years ago. Therefore, there is a strong clinical need for new therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies, requiring reliable in vivo model systems for the identification and testing of potential new treatment approaches. Conventional in vivo rodent experiments face ethical issues, are time consuming and costly, being of particular relevance in orphan diseases like osteosarcoma.

Can preoperative vitamin D deficiency predict postoperative hypoparathyroidism following thyroid surgery?

Importance: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism remains a relevant problem after thyroid surgery. Although the roles of vitamin D deficiency and other risk factors have been discussed in previous studies, variable results have been reported.

Objective: Predicting the risk of postoperative hypocalcemia could be helpful for individual prognoses and medical treatment.

Reducing Blood Loss in Revision Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: Tranexamic Acid Is Effective in Aseptic Revisions and in Second-Stage Reimplantations for Periprosthetic Infection.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of tranexamic acid (TXA) in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) and revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). We analyzed the perioperative blood loss with and without TXA in aseptic rTHA and rTKA as well as in second-stage reimplantation for hip and knee periprosthetic infection.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 147 patients receiving TXA (96 rTHA, 51 rTKA) were compared to a retrospective cohort of 155 patients without TXA (103 rTHA, 52 rTKA).

Influence of reduced tip-apex distance on helical blade fixation-a biomechanical study.

Migration profile of helical blades differs from conventional screw design. Tip-apex distance (TAD) greater than 25 mm is associated with early failure in hip screws. This study investigates the effect of a reduced TAD on helical blade fixation.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Determines Supraspinatus Muscle Atrophy After Cuff Repair and Correlates to Functional Shoulder Outcome.

Background: Muscle degeneration as a consequence of rotator cuff tears is mainly assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new functional imaging method to assess microvascular perfusion as a fundamental parameter of muscle tissue vitality. In this cross-sectional study, the authors evaluated supraspinatus muscle perfusion after cuff repair and analyzed its association with functional shoulder outcome and the grade of echogenicity in B-mode ultrasound indicating fatty infiltration.

Soft tissue micro-circulation in the healthy hindfoot: a cross-sectional study with focus on lateral surgical approaches to the calcaneus.

Purpose: Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using an extended lateral approach combined with plate osteosynthesis represents the current gold standard in calcaneal fracture treatment, but it is associated with a wound complication rate of up to 30%. Literature suggests that micro-circulation is one of the key factors for sufficient wound healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate soft tissue micro-circulation of the hindfoot in healthy volunteers to determine influencing factors and to identify hypoxic or hypoperfused areas in non-trauma situations, with special attention to surgical approaches.

Soft tissue microcirculation around the healthy Achilles tendon: a cross-sectional study focusing on the Achilles tendon and dorsal surgical approaches to the hindfoot.

Background: Dorsal approaches to the hindfoot are frequently used. Furthermore, the vascular supply is discussed as a possible cause for ruptures and degeneration of the Achilles tendon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microperfusion of three possible posterior approaches to the hindfoot and different areas of the Achilles tendon.

Screw-blade fixation systems in Pauwels three femoral neck fractures: a biomechanical evaluation.

Objectives: To reduce mechanical complications after osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures, improved fixation techniques have been developed including blade or screw-anchor devices. This biomechanical study compares different fixation systems used for treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures with evaluation of failure mode, load to failure, stiffness, femoral head rotation, femoral neck shortening and femoral head migration.

Methods: Standardized Pauwels type 3 fractures (AO/OTA 31-B2) with comminution were created in 18 biomechanical sawbones using a custom-made sawguide.

Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on soft tissue micro-circulation in the foot.

Purpose: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been shown to accelerate bone healing and is considered to increase blood flow. The aim of this study was to assess changes in micro-circulation of the foots' soft tissue in response to LIPUS intervention. We hypothesised improved micro-circulation in response to LIPUS.

Analysis of local recurrences after transanal endoscopic microsurgery for low risk rectal carcinoma.

Aim: Rates of local recurrence (LR) after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for rectal carcinoma vary; the reasons remain unclear. We analyzed LR after TEM for low-risk pT1 (G1/2/X, L0/X) rectal carcinoma to investigate the influence of completeness of resection and occult lymph node metastasis on risk of LR.

Method: LR location and stage, completeness of resection of primary carcinoma (minimal distance between tumor and resection line ≤1 mm vs >1 mm), and incidence of involved lymph nodes in resected LR specimens were collected, and tumor characteristics of LR were compared with primary carcinoma.

Long-term Oncologic Outcome After Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery for Rectal Carcinoma.

Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is superior to other methods of local excision of rectal cancer, but few studies report long-term follow-up data.

Objective: This study investigated the use of transanal endoscopic microsurgery alone as curative and compromise therapy based on long-term disease recurrence and mortality.

Design: This was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data.

Enhancing fixation strength in periprosthetic femur fractures by orthogonal plating-A biomechanical study.

Orthogonal plate osteosynthesis enhances fixation stability in periprosthetic femur fractures. Another option are locking attachment plates (LAP) allowing bicortical locking screw placement lateral to the prosthesis stem. Stability of lateral plate osteosynthesis with two LAP (2LAP) was compared to anterolateral orthogonal plate osteosynthesis (OP) with one LAP in a periprosthetic femur fracture model.

S3 guideline for chronic pancreatitis - diagnosis, classification and therapy for the radiologist.

Unlabelled: Chronic pancreatitis shows an increasing prevalence and incidence mainly in the Western Hemisphere. Early diagnosis and therapy are frequently delayed because of non-specific symptoms as well as non-specific blood values. The German Society of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) organized the preparation and publication of an interdisciplinary S3 level guideline with the support of the German Radiological Society (DRG) as 1 of 11 contributing societies.