A nosographic and etiopathogenetic framework for subchondral bone marrow lesions in the knee: A narrative review.

Purpose: Subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are present in a wide range of pathologies with different prognoses. Thus, a careful diagnosis is mandatory to address them with the proper treatment. The aim of this review was to examine BMLs aetiology and their relationship with biomechanical and biological factors, to identify BMLs and help clinicians to properly recognize and treat each of these common alterations.

Sleep Trajectory of Hospitalized Medically Ill Older Adults: Do Sleep Medications Make a Difference?

Study Objectives: Sleep disturbances are prevalent during acute hospitalization in medically ill older patients, with undesirable outcomes. Sleep medication use is common, but its effectiveness is questionable. This study explored the trajectory of sleep parameters from home to hospital and assessed the impact of sleep medication use, considering covariates such as physical symptom burden.

Daratumumab and Romiplostim Combined Therapy for a Long-Standing Refractory Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia - Case Report.

Multi-refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is not uncommon and associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although the precise mechanism of ITP is not yet fully understood, a therapeutic approach that relies on using a single agent in each treatment line may not be sufficient in this population. We report the case of a 67-year-old female with long-standing multi-refractory ITP treated with a combination of Daratumumab and Romiplostim who achieved a durable response for more than 42 weeks.

Dura fenestration is non-inferior and with lower complication incidence compared to augmented duraplasty in decompressive craniectomy.

Decompressive craniectomy is a procedure for managing elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it carries a high morbidity and mortality toll. While there is relative consensus regarding the bony part of the decompression, the role of dura opening and the optimal technique to perform it are under debate.

Correlation between Left Ventricular Mass and Cardiac Troponin T in Cardiac Surgery.

Cardiac troponin levels might rise significantly after cardiac surgeries as a surgical outcome rather than ischemic myocardial damage alone, making the diagnosis of postoperative (type 5) myocardial infarction challenging. Previous studies have demonstrated that cardiac troponin is related to left ventricular mass, but this correlation was not investigated after cardiac surgery. We aimed to study a possible correlation between postoperative cardiac troponin levels and left ventricular mass index in patients who underwent cardiac surgery to refine the diagnosis of type 5 myocardial infarction, but observed no such correlation regardless of preoperative troponin levels or surgery type.

Frailty and pelvic organ prolapse: Colpocleisis with or without hysterectomy as a treatment modality in elderly patients.

Introduction: The rising prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in the aging population underscores the need to reevaluate treatment options. This study examines obliterative procedures, specifically colpocleisis performed with (CH) and without (C) concomitant vaginal hysterectomy, as management strategies for frail, non-sexually active elderly patients with advanced prolapse.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients who underwent either colpocleisis with concomitant vaginal hysterectomy (CH) or colpocleisis alone (C) at our institution between 2006 and 2020.

Clinical Versus Pathological Staging in Patients with Resected Ground Glass Pulmonary Lesions.

Background: A ground glass nodule (GGN) is a radiologically descriptive term for a lung parenchymal area with increased attenuation and preserved bronchial and vascular structures. GGNs are further divided into pure versus subsolid lesions. The differential diagnosis for GGNs is wide and contains a malignant possibility for a lung adenocarcinoma precursor or tumor.

Polygenic score distribution differences across European ancestry populations: implications for breast cancer risk prediction.

Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed.

Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer diagnosis, of European-ancestry from 21 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 223,316 females without breast cancer diagnosis from the UK Biobank.

The Value of ROH Metrics for Predicting Morbidity: Insights From a Large Cohort Analysis of Chromosomal Microarray.

This retrospective cohort study aimed to define the optimal Regions of Homozygosity (ROH) size cut-offs for prediction of morbidity, based on 13 483 Chromosomal Microarray Analyses (CMA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the predictive capability of total ROH percentage (TRPS), ROH number and ROH segment size in distinguishing between healthy (n=6,196) and affected (n=6,839) cohorts. The metrics were examined for telomeric and interstitial segments, distinct TRPS categories, and across different ancestral origins.

Prevalence and characteristics of mistreatment during childbirth in two Israeli hospitals.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of mistreatment during childbirth in Israeli medical centers, addressing gaps in quantitative data within developed countries.

Study Design: A new questionnaire, incorporating demographic, obstetric, and mistreatment-related questions, was developed and distributed to postpartum women in two Israeli hospitals. Mistreatment categories included physical, sexual, and verbal abuse, failure to meet professional standards, poor rapport between women and providers, and health system conditions.

Celiac in the twenty-first century-the change in BMI of children at diagnosis over the last two decades.

This study examined the prevalence of different BMI categories among newly diagnosed pediatric celiac disease (CD) patients in Israel from 2002 to 2018. A retrospective cross-sectional study using the database of Clalit Health Services in Israel included 5520 newly diagnosed CD children aged 2-18 between 2002 and 2018. Data on BMI, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) were collected and analyzed Of the 5520 CD patients, 57.

Systemic intravenous thrombolysis and spinal stroke: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is associated with poor clinical outcome. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a well-established treatment for cerebral ischaemic stroke. However, its efficacy in SCI is unknown.

Diagnostic Blind Spot: Physicians Overlook Atrial Fibrillation in Pacemaker-Dependent Patients.

Background: Pacemaker recipients demonstrate a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), yet the regular ventricular activation in pacemaker-dependent patients with AF presents a substantial diagnostic challenge.

Methods: A total of 310 medical practitioners completed a brief, validated survey consisting of three electrocardiograms displaying AF with ventricular pacing. Participants were instructed to identify the underlying rhythm.

Clinical utility of receptor status prediction in breast cancer and misdiagnosis identification using deep learning on hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.

Background: Molecular profiling of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and ERBB2 (also known as Her2) is essential for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. Nevertheless, current methods rely on the qualitative interpretation of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which can be costly, time-consuming, and inconsistent. Here we explore the clinical utility of predicting receptor status from digitized hematoxylin and eosin-stained (H&E) slides using machine learning trained and evaluated on a multi-institutional dataset.

[Letters to Editor: The risk for clinically significant copy number variants in pregnancies with two soft markers, Geriatriophobia - a new concept in the medical world in Israel].

Letters to Editor: The risk for clinically significant copy number variants in pregnancies with two soft markers, Geriatriophobia - a new concept in the medical world in Israel.

[Does the Term "Myocardial Infarction" Represent its Meaning Properly?].

Does the Term "Myocardial Infarction" Represent its Meaning Properly?

Wavelets-Based Texture Analysis of Post Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Tool for Recognition of Pathological Complete Response in Rectal Cancer, a Retrospective Study.

: Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) may experience pathological complete response (pCR). Tools that can identify pCR are required to define candidates suitable for the watch and wait (WW) strategy. Automated image analysis is used for predicting clinical aspects of diseases.

Harnessing machine learning in diagnosing complex hoarseness cases.

Purpose: Traditional vocal fold pathology recognition typically requires expertise of laryngologists and advanced instruments, primarily through direct visualization. This study aims to augment this conventional paradigm by introducing a parallel diagnostic procedure. Our objective is to harness a machine-learning algorithm designed to discern intricate patterns within patients' voice recordings to distinguish not only between healthy and hoarse voices but also among various specific disorders.

In the face of confounders: Atrial fibrillation detection - Practitioners vs. ChatGPT.

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, yet interpretation concerns among healthcare providers persist. Confounding factors contribute to false-positive and false-negative AF diagnoses, leading to potential omissions. Artificial intelligence advancements show promise in electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation.

Identifying factors associated with disparities in accessing an Integrative Oncology program.

Introduction: Integrative oncology (IO) programs provide patients with evidence-based complementary medicine therapies within a supportive and palliative cancer care setting. This study retrospectively examined characteristics of patients with lung cancer predicting utilization of a freely-provided IO consultation at two medical centers in Israel.

Methods: Electronic medical files of 832 patients with lung cancer attending/not attending the IO consultation were searched for socio-demographic (age, gender, country of birth, place of residence, primary language spoken) and personal health (Body Mass Index; smoking; disability) characteristics; cancer-related parameters (primary tumor site, localized vs.

Treatment effects of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on people with cystic fibrosis heterozygous for 3849+10kbC->T and a class I variant.

Background: The splice variant 3849+10kbC->T (c.3717+12191C>T) (3849 variant) is a residual function CFTR variant, characterized by insertion of an in-frame stop codon into most CFTR transcripts. Both ivacaftor (Iva) and tezacaftor/ivacaftor (Tez/Iva) have been approved for people with CF (pwCF) carrying the 3849 variant.

Non- Tuberculous mycobacterial infection and pulmonary disease In Northern Israel: a focus on M. simiae.

Background: The prevalence of non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-pd) is rising globally. Previously, we described a high prevalence of M. simiae isolation in Israel.