Compact simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multi-harmonic microscopy for user-friendly photodamage-monitored imaging.

Significance: Label-free nonlinear optical microscopy has become a powerful tool for biomedical research. However, the possible photodamage risk hinders further clinical applications.

Aim: To reduce these adverse effects, we constructed a new platform of simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multi-harmonic (SLAM) microscopy, featuring four-channel multimodal imaging, inline photodamage monitoring, and pulse repetition-rate tuning.

Anti-cancer management of head and neck cancers and oral microbiome-what can we clinically obtain?

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits significant genetic heterogeneity and primarily concerns the oral cavity and oropharynx. These cancers occur more frequently in men with a 5-year survival rate below 50%. Major risk factors include human papilloma virus (HPV) (notably type 16), Epstein-Barr virus, tobacco, alcohol, and poor oral hygiene with approximately 4.

Data resource profile: nutrition data in the VA million veteran program.

Introduction: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Million Veteran Program (MVP) nutrition data is derived from dietary food/beverage intake information collected through a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ).

Methods: Estimates of dietary energy, nutrient, and non-nutritive food components intakes data were derived from an extensively validated SFFQ, which assessed the habitual frequency of consumption of 61 food items, added sugar, fried food frequency, and 21 nutritional supplements over the 12 months preceding questionnaire administration.

Results: Complete nutrition data was available for 353,418 MVP participants as of 30 September 2021.

In Vivo Validation of an In Situ Calibration Bead as a Reference for Backscatter Coefficient Calculation.

Objective: The study described here was aimed at assessing the capability of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) based on the backscatter coefficient (BSC) for classifying disease states, such as breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and quantification of fatty liver disease. We evaluated the effectiveness of an in situ titanium (Ti) bead as a reference target in calibrating the system and mitigating attenuation and transmission loss effects on BSC estimation.

Methods: Traditional BSC estimation methods require external references for calibration, which do not account for ultrasound attenuation or transmission losses through tissues.

VEXAS syndrome: A review of cutaneous findings and treatments in an emerging autoinflammatory disease.

VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory and somatic mutation) syndrome is a novel autoinflammatory, late-onset, disorder first identified in 2020. It is caused by mutations in the UBA1 gene. The most prominent clinical features reported by VEXAS patients are cutaneous and haematological, having characteristic skin features reported as the initial presenting findings of the disease.

Measuring CSF shunt flow with MRI using flow enhancement of signal intensity (FENSI).

Purpose: To develop and validate a noninvasive imaging technique for accurately assessing very slow CSF flow within shunt tubes in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus, aiming to identify obstructions that might impede CSF drainage.

Theory And Methods: A simulation of shunt flow enhancement of signal intensity (shunt-FENSI) signal is used to establish the relationship between signal change and flow rate. The quantification of flow enhancement of signal intensity data involves normalization, curve fitting, and calibration to match simulated data.

Dual-Task Assessments for Predicting Future Falls in Neurologic Conditions: A Systematic Review.

This review investigated the ability of dual-task tests to predict falls in people with neurological disorders. Databases were searched to identify prospective cohort studies that analyzed dual-task testing and falls in people with neurological disorders. Reviewers screened studies for eligibility and extracted key information like participant characteristics, intervention details, outcome measures, and significant outcomes.

A Detailed Analysis of Workplace Foot and Ankle Injuries.

Introduction: This study analyzes the incidence rate and median workdays missed due to foot and ankle injuries across age groups, sexes, and industries.

Methods: Workplace injury data from 2003 to 2019 were obtained using the Nonfatal Cases Involving Day Away from Work: Selected Characteristics database provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The data were grouped by injury location (ie, foot, ankle), injury type (ie, fracture, sprain), and industry, and reported with injury incidence rates and median workdays missed.

The Decision at 10.

A decade ago, the US Supreme Court decided , concluding that isolated genes were not patentable subject matter. Beyond being a mere patent dispute, the case was a political and cultural phenomenon, viewed as a harbinger for the health of the biotechnology industry. With a decade of perspective, though, 's impact seems much narrower.

National Trends in Orthopaedic Pain Management from 2016 to 2020.

Introduction: Effective pain management is vital in orthopaedic care, impacting postoperative recovery and patient well-being. This study aimed to discern national and regional pain prescription trends among orthopaedic surgeons through Medicare claims data, using geospatial analysis to ascertain opioid and nonopioid usage patterns across the United States.

Methods: Physician-level Medicare prescription databases from 2016 to 2020 were filtered to orthopaedic surgeons, and medications were categorized into opioids, muscle relaxants, anticonvulsants, and NSAIDs.

Associations Between Trauma and Health Behaviors and Outcomes Among Sexual Minoritized Adults: A Scoping Review.

Sexual minoritized (SM) adults experience health disparities and report higher rates of trauma history compared to heterosexual adults. This scoping review synthesizes the extant literature that investigates associations between trauma and physical health among SM adults. It also describes research instruments utilized to assess trauma in relation to health outcomes among SM adults.

Implementation of a Multidimensional Strategy to Reduce Post-PCI Bleeding Risk.

Background: The American College of Cardiology Reduce the Risk: PCI Bleed Campaign was a hospital-based quality improvement campaign designed to reduce post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) bleeding events. The aim of the campaign was to provide actionable evidence-based tools for participants to review, adapt, and adopt, depending upon hospital resources and engagement.

Methods: We used data from 8 757 737 procedures in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry between 2015 and 2021 to compare patient and hospital characteristics and bleeding outcomes among campaign participants (n=195 hospitals) and noncampaign participants (n=1384).

Simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multi-harmonic microscopy driven by the supercontinuum generated from a bulk nonlinear crystal.

Nonlinear microscopy encompasses several imaging techniques that leverage laser technology to probe intrinsic molecules of biological specimens. These native molecules produce optical fingerprints that allow nonlinear microscopes to reveal the chemical composition and structure of cells and tissues in a label-free and non-destructive fashion, information that enables a plethora of applications, e.g.

Benign Intraoral Soft Tissue Lesions in Children.

Benign intraoral soft tissue pathology in pediatric patients includes developmental, traumatic, inflammatory, and infectious lesions. Common pathology includes gingival cysts, mucoceles, fibromas, and parulis. Less common lesions include peripheral ossifying fibromas, congenital epulis of the newborn, and congenital mandibular duct atresia.

Probing delivery of a lipid nanoparticle encapsulated self-amplifying mRNA vaccine using coherent Raman microscopy and multiphoton imaging.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered the resurgence of synthetic RNA vaccine platforms allowing rapid, scalable, low-cost manufacturing, and safe administration of therapeutic vaccines. Self-amplifying mRNA (SAM), which self-replicates upon delivery into the cellular cytoplasm, leads to a strong and sustained immune response. Such mRNAs are encapsulated within lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that act as a vehicle for delivery to the cell cytoplasm.

Impact of Ergonomics on Muscle Fatigue During Surgical Drilling Using Surface Electromyography.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between ergonomic positions and electromyographic muscle activity during otologic drilling.

Study Design: Cross-over experimental trial.

Setting: Tertiary Academic Medical Center.

validation of an calibration bead as a reference for backscatter coefficient calculation.

Objectives: The study aims to assess the capability of Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) based on the backscatter coefficient (BSC) for classifying disease states, such as breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and quantifying fatty liver disease. We evaluate the effectiveness of an titanium (Ti) bead as a reference target in calibrating the system and mitigating attenuation and transmission loss effects on BSC estimation.

Methods: Traditional BSC estimation methods require external references for calibration, which do not account for ultrasound attenuation or transmission losses through tissues.

Long-term outcomes and predictors of mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism undergoing catheter-directed thrombolysis: a 10-year retrospective study.

Background: Data regarding long-term outcomes of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) post intermediate risk pulmonary embolism (PE), the choice of anticoagulation, and factors affecting mortality are not well studied.

Methods: We conducted a ten-year retrospective observational chart review of patients undergoing CDT for intermediate-risk PE. Patients were followed for a period of 1 to a maximum of 5 years from the PE event.

Multiscale biochemical mapping of the brain through deep-learning-enhanced high-throughput mass spectrometry.

Spatial omics technologies can reveal the molecular intricacy of the brain. While mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides spatial localization of compounds, comprehensive biochemical profiling at a brain-wide scale in three dimensions by MSI with single-cell resolution has not been achieved. We demonstrate complementary brain-wide and single-cell biochemical mapping using MEISTER, an integrative experimental and computational mass spectrometry (MS) framework.

TMR Using a Free Rectus Flap after Transhumeral Amputation.

Targeted muscle reinnervation offers an approach to regain use of the affected extremity through electronic prosthesis while limiting phantom pain and neuroma limb production or pain. In this case report, we present the first reported case of leveraging the rectus flap for targeted muscle reinnervation. The case herein is of a 28-year-old woman who sustained a severe right upper extremity crush injury while being involved in a vehicular roll-over collision requiring right transhumeral amputation.

The Impact of LY487379 or CDPPB on eNOS Expression in the Mouse Brain and the Effect of Joint Administration of Compounds with NO Releasers on MK-801- or Scopolamine-Driven Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice.

The role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the regulation of a variety of biological processes is well established, and its dysfunction contributes to brain pathologies, including schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors were shown to be effective procognitive compounds, but little is known about their impact on eNOS expression and stability. Here, we investigated the influence of the acute and chronic administration of LY487379 or CDPPB (mGlu2 and mGlu5 PAMs), on eNOS expression in the mouse brain and the effect of the joint administration of the ligands with nitric oxide (NO) releasers, spermineNONOate or DETANONOate, in different combinations of doses, on MK-801- or scopolamine-induced amnesia in the novel object recognition (NOR) test.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Epigenetic Patterns Correspond to Differences in Ethnoracial Status and Treatment Response in a Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To correlate epigenetic patterns with ethnoracial status and locoregional therapy (LRT) response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: DNA and RNA were extracted from 47 distinct formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 42 patients with HCC (n = 14 Black, n = 19 White, n = 9 Hispanic). LRT response was determined using computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging 3 months posttreatment of 35 tumors (n = 22 complete response, n = 13 retreatment candidates).

Spectral-based Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging Processing Techniques: Comparisons of RF Versus IQ Approaches.

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is an imaging technique which includes spectral-based parameterization. Typical spectral-based parameters include the backscatter coefficient (BSC) and attenuation coefficient slope (ACS). Traditionally, spectral-based QUS relies on the radio frequency (RF) signal to calculate the spectral-based parameters.