COLODETECT 1: comparative evaluation of endocuff with computer-aided detection versus computer-aided detection alone versus standard colonoscopy for enhancing adenoma detection rates during screening colonoscopy-a pilot study.

Background: Independent use of artificial intelligence with computer-aided detection (CADe) and Endocuff Vision (ECV) has demonstrated enhanced adenoma detection rates (ADRs).

Objective: Our pilot study aimed to define the necessary participant number for future randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by comparing the ADR of combined CADe + ECV against CADe alone and standard colonoscopy.

Design: This single-center pilot study retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained database, where patients underwent screening colonoscopies sequentially by standard method, CADe alone, and then CADe + ECV.

Predictors of pain during phacoemulsification under local sedation: A multicentric study.

Purpose: To assess the risk factors for pain during cataract surgery under local anesthesia.

Methods: This multicentric observational study assessed risk factors for pain during cataract surgery from June to November 2020 in a private clinic and two university hospitals (France). Adults who underwent cataract surgery under local anesthesia with conscious sedation were consecutively included.

Systematic review: Methotrexate-A poorly understood and underused medication in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Methotrexate, an immunosuppressant used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) for over 30 years, remains underused compared to thiopurines.

Aims: To review the efficacy, safety, optimal dosing and delivery regimens of methotrexate in adults with IBD.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies involving patients with IBD treated with methotrexate from inception to August 2023.

From physiological awakening to pathological sleep inertia: Neurophysiological and behavioural characteristics of the sleep-to-wake transition.

Sleep inertia refers to the transient physiological state of hypoarousal upon awakening, associated with various degrees of impaired neurobehavioral performance, confusion, a desire to return to sleep and often a negative emotional state. Scalp and intracranial electro-encephalography as well as functional imaging studies have provided evidence that the sleep inertia phenomenon is underpinned by an heterogenous cerebral state mixing local sleep and local wake patterns of activity, at the neuronal and network levels. Sleep inertia is modulated by homeostasis and circadian processes, sleep stage upon awakening, and individual factors; this translates into a huge variability in its intensity even under physiological conditions.

Long sleep time and excessive need for sleep: State of the art and perspectives.

The mechanisms underlying the individual need for sleep are unclear. Sleep duration is indeed influenced by multiple factors, such as genetic background, circadian and homeostatic processes, environmental factors, and sometimes transient disturbances such as infections. In some cases, the need for sleep dramatically and chronically increases, inducing a daily-life disability.

Unplanned surgery after colorectal resection: laparoscopy at the index surgery is a protective factor against mortality.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess risk factors of mortality after unplanned surgery following colorectal resection.

Methods: All the consecutive patients who underwent colorectal resection between 2011 and 2020 in a French national cohort were retrospectively included. Perioperative data of the index colorectal resection (indication, surgical approach, pathological analysis, postoperative morbidity), and characteristics of unplanned surgery (indication, time to complication, time to surgical redo) were assessed in order to identify predictive factors of mortality.

Impact of Hyperoxia after Graft Reperfusion on Lactate Level and Outcomes in Adults Undergoing Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

Background: Hyperoxia is common during liver transplantation (LT), without being supported by any guidelines. Recent studies have shown the potential deleterious effect of hyperoxia in similar models of ischemia-reperfusion. Hyperoxia after graft reperfusion during orthotopic LT could increase lactate levels and worsen patient outcomes.

Upfront Laparoscopic Management of Common Bile Duct Stones: What Are the Risk Factors of Failure?

Background: Treatment of common bile duct stones (CBDS) includes laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with either laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) or perioperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The main objective of this study was to identify predictive factors for the failure of upfront and exclusive surgical treatment by LCBDE.

Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study on patients with CBDS and operated for LC between 2007 and 2019.

Anti-SAE autoantibody in dermatomyositis: original comparative study and review of the literature.

Objective: Among specific autoantibodies in DM, the anti-small ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme (SAE) antibody is rare. We aim to describe the clinical characteristics, cancer prevalence, and muscle pathology of anti-SAE-positive DM.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of DM and sera positive for the anti-SAE antibody were recruited from 19 centres in this retrospective observational study.

C5b-9 Glomerular Deposits Are Associated With Poor Renal Survival in Membranous Nephropathy.

Introduction: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the first cause of nephrotic syndrome in patients without diabetes. Its prognosis is variable, and treatment remains controversial because of potential toxicity. Currently, there is no reliable prognostic marker common to all etiologies of MN and routinely available to predict the disease course and guide therapeutic management.

Steroid hormone catabolites activate the pyrin inflammasome through a non-canonical mechanism.

The pyrin inflammasome acts as a guard of RhoA GTPases and is central to immune defenses against RhoA-manipulating pathogens. Pyrin activation proceeds in two steps. Yet, the second step is still poorly understood.

Change in Sleep Quality of Residents the Night Before High-Fidelity Simulation: Results From a Prospective 1-Year National Survey.

Objective: The stress level of participants in high-fidelity simulation stems from various factors but may result in anticipatory anxiety causing sleep disturbances during the night prior to simulation. The objective of this survey was to determine the change in sleep quality of residents during the night prior to the simulation.

Methods: The survey was proposed for 1 year to all residents at the beginning of the simulation, in 10 simulation centres.

Using Experimental Models to Decipher the Effects of Acetaminophen and NSAIDs on Reproductive Development and Health.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), diclofenac and ibuprofen (IBU), and analgesic drugs, such as acetaminophen (APAP, or paracetamol), are widely used to treat inflammation and pain. APAP and IBU are over-the-counter drugs and are among the most commonly taken drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy, even in combination. Furthermore, these drugs and their metabolites are released in the environment, and can be frequently detected in wastewater, surface water, and importantly in drinking water.

Dermatoscopic and clinical features of congenital or congenital-type nail matrix nevi: A multicenter prospective cohort study by the International Dermoscopy Society.

Background: Congenital nail matrix nevi (NMN) are difficult to diagnose because they feature clinical characteristics suggestive of adult subungual melanoma. Nail matrix biopsy is difficult to perform, especially in children.

Objective: To describe the initial clinical and dermatoscopic features of NMN appearing at birth (congenital) or after birth but before the age of 5 years (congenital-type).

Rare PSAP Variants and Possible Interaction with GBA in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Background: PSAP encodes saposin C, the co-activator of glucocerebrosidase, encoded by GBA. GBA mutations are associated with idiopathic/isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), a prodromal stage of synucleinopathy.

Objective: To examine the role of PSAP mutations in iRBD.

Novel Associations of and With REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Objective: To examine the role of genes identified through genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of Parkinson disease (PD) in the risk of isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).

Methods: We fully sequenced 25 genes previously identified in GWASs of PD in a total of 1,039 patients with iRBD and 1,852 controls. The role of rare heterozygous variants in these genes was examined with burden tests.