The "Early Treatment" Approach Reducing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus From an Expert Panel Using the Delphi Technique.

Introduction: There is no consensus on the optimal therapeutic approach to adopt in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study aimed to gather an expert consensus on the hypoglycemic treatment and CV risk management in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM through the Delphi methodology.

Methods: To address this issue, a list of 30 statements concerning the definition of "early T2DM patient", early treatment, CV risk in T2DM, treat-to-benefit approach, and indications for treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors was developed.

Factors associated with the onset of major depressive disorder in adults with type 2 diabetes living in 12 different countries: results from the INTERPRET-DD prospective study.

Aims: To examine the factors that are associated with changes in depression in people with type 2 diabetes living in 12 different countries.

Methods: People with type 2 diabetes treated in out-patient settings aged 18-65 years underwent a psychiatric assessment to diagnose major depressive disorder (MDD) at baseline and follow-up. At both time points, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the WHO five-item Well-being scale (WHO-5) and the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale which measures diabetes-related distress.

Exploring the heterogeneity of the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors in cardiovascular outcome trials.

Background And Aim: The interpretation of discrepancies across cardiovascular safety trials (CVOT) with SGLT-2 inhibitors in the incidence of major cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality is complex, because of heterogeneity in trial protocols and baseline characteristics of patients enrolled. Aim of this analysis is the exploration of possible determinants of heterogeneity of relative risk reduction for major cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality.

Methods And Results: Incidence of events (MACE and mortality) in intervention and control groups and baseline characteristics of patients were extracted for each trial (EMPAREG, CANVAS, and DECLARE).

Effects on lipid profile of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, pioglitazone, acarbose, and sulfonylureas: meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials.

Introduction: Lipid profile is an important determinant of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. It is well known that patients with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be dyslipidemic than the general population. Given the observed connection between glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes, it is conceivable that different glucose-lowering agents can have a varying impact on the lipid profile.

Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on body weight: a meta-analysis.

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), approved as glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have also been shown to reduce body weight. An extensive Medline, Cochrane database, and Embase search for "exenatide," "liraglutide," "albiglutide," "semaglutide," and "lixisenatide" was performed, collecting all randomized clinical trials on humans up to December 15, 2011, with a duration of at least 24 weeks, comparing GLP-1 receptor agonists with either placebo or active drugs. Twenty two (7,859 patients) and 7 (2,416 patients) trials with available results on body weight at 6 and 12 months, respectively, were included.

Are psychopathological features relevant predictors of glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes? A prospective study.

Type 2 diabetes has been associated with an increased prevalence of psychopathology, in comparison with matched non-diabetic controls. However, the cross-sectional design of most studies does not allow causal inferences. The aim of the present study is the exploration of this possible association in patients with type 2 diabetes, in a longitudinal fashion.

Effects of hemoperfusion with an immobilized polymyxin-B fiber column on cytokine plasma levels in patients with abdominal sepsis.

Aim: The beneficial role of hemofiltration with immobilized polymyxin-B fiber (PMX) columns in sepsis, especially sepsis due to gram-negative bacteria, has previously been emphasized. Although the efficacy of PMX-B fiber-mediated hemofiltration in reducing plasma levels of cytokines has been reported, other studies did not confirm this observation. Here we report the effects of PMX-B fiber-mediated hemofiltration on outcome and cytokine plasma levels in patients with abdominal sepsis.

Low central venous saturation predicts poor outcome in patients with brain injury after major trauma: a prospective observational study.

Background: Continuous monitoring of central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) has been proposed as a prognostic indicator in several pathological conditions, including cardiac diseases, sepsis, trauma. To our knowledge, no studies have evaluated ScvO2 in polytraumatized patients with brain injury so far. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic role of ScvO2 monitoring during first 24 hours after trauma in this patients' population.

Bedside diagnostic laparoscopy to diagnose intraabdominal pathology in the intensive care unit.

Introduction: Delayed diagnosis of intraabdominal pathology in the intensive care unit (ICU) increases rates of morbidity and mortality. Intraabdominal pathologies are usually identified through presenting symptoms, clinical signs, and laboratory and radiological results; however, these could also delay diagnosis because of inconclusive laboratory tests or imaging results, or the inability to safely transfer a patient to the radiology room. In the current study we evaluated the safety and accuracy of bedside diagnostic laparoscopy to confirm the presence of intraabdominal pathology in an ICU setting.