Unlocking the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in revolutionizing type 2 diabetes management: a comprehensive review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder caused by inadequate production and resistance to insulin. The prevalence of DM is rapidly increasing, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounting for more than 90% of cases. Despite new treatments, many patients with T2D do not meet their glycemic targets due to clinical inertia.

Exploring the clinical effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in managing cardiovascular complications: an updated comprehensive review and future directives.

The possible cardiovascular advantages of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), a class of drugs predominantly used to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D), have garnered increasing attention in recent years. Clinical trials have looked into the possibility that GLP-1RAs have extra cardioprotective benefits in addition to their ability to manage T2D, demonstrating significant major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) reduction and a favorable safety profile. GLP-1 RAs improve cardiovascular outcomes, especially in those with existing cardiovascular disease.

Galactosialidosis presenting as non-immune hydrops.

Hydrops fetalis is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in two or more foetal compartments which is easily detected using prenatal ultrasonography. It can be categorised into immune and non-immune. The non-immune hydrops can result from various aetiologies, including cardiovascular, respiratory, genitourinary infections, chromosomal anomalies and metabolic causes.

Portable Gas Spring with Rachet and Pinion System as a Third Arm for Holding Endoscope in Two Handed Endoscopic ENT Surgery.

Unlabelled: The role of endoscope has been changing from that being an adjuvant during microear surgery to the exclusive endoscopic middle ear surgery. However the only disadvantage of endoscopic ear surgery is its single handed technique as the non-dominant hand is used to hold the endoscope. We propose the concept and design of our portable endoscope holder for two handed endoscopic ear surgery.

Comparative Evaluation of Hearing in Cartilage Umbrella, Boomerang and Torp in Chronic Otitis Media Cases with Absent Stapes Suprastructure: Our Experience.

Ossicular discontinuity is one of the most common causes of conductive hearing loss. Ossicular chain reconstruction improves conductive hearing loss. With no additional cost, cartilage ossiculoplasty is easy to perform, and also the cartilage is well tolerated being an autograft.

Presentations of Pediatric Emergencies in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in North India: An Overview.

Pediatric otorhinolaryngological emergencies constitute a major portion in emergency room presentations. The etiology of ENT problems in children is different from those in adults. Most of these can be managed conservatively while some need prompt management at a well equipped centre.

Evaluation of Mother's Complementary Feeding Knowledge and Occlusion.

Aim: Mothers' understanding of feeding methods and how they affect deciduous dentition were the focus of this study.

Materials And Methods: This study looked at people from different parts of the population. In total, 230 moms of children aged 6 months to 5 years who completed an oral health questionnaire were included in the study.

Prospective Study to Evaluate the Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography in Evaluation of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies.

Background: The use of computed tomography (CT) combined with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has empowered the modern sinus surgeon to treat patients more effectively, facilitating reduced morbidity and complications. This study aimed to evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the evaluation of paranasal sinus pathologies.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult subjects attending the department of radiology at a tertiary care center in Lucknow for CT scan of paranasal sinuses for suspected paranasal sinus pathology from August 2018 to January 2020.

Impact of Patient Guidance Handouts on Outcomes of FESS.

Post-operative care in FESS is an important aspect. Nasal saline irrigation and Nasal steroid spray are highly recommended worldwide in post-operative protocol after endoscopic sinus surgery. Hence patients compliance for both these procedures becomes a deciding factor for outcomes following FESS and there is not much evidence in literature regarding the same.

Correction to: Impact of Patient Guidance Handouts on Outcomes of FESS.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12070-020-02133-z.].

Clinical Relevance of Mallampati Grading in Predicting Difficult Intubation in the Era of Various New Clinical Predictors.

Background and aims Management of difficult airway can be associated with serious morbidity and mortality and it is a basic and serious concern for anesthesiologists. The preoperative airway assessment is done by using conventional clinical predictors. The present study was conducted to find the correlation of various new clinical predictors with the Cormack-Lehane (CL) grade at the laryngoscopic view in patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.

Role of miRNAs in cervical cancer: A comprehensive novel approach from pathogenesis to therapy.

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection is a major causative agent and strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer. Understanding the mechanisms of HPV-induced cervical cancer is extremely useful in therapeutic strategies for primary prevention (HPV vaccines) and secondary prevention (screening and diagnosis of precancerous lesions). However, due to the lack of proper implementation of screening programs in developing countries, cervical cancer is usually diagnosed at advanced stages that result in poor treatment responses.

Metal-induced oxidative stress level in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and its contribution to the severity of the disease: A correlational study.

Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is an extra-articular rheumatological disease characterised by widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain. Metal-induced oxidative stress contributes to the severity of FMS.

Aims: First, this study evaluated the association between plasma levels of toxic heavy metals and essential metals with oxidative stress (OS) markers.

Nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation products, and antioxidants in primary fibromyalgia and correlation with disease severity.

Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by altered pain perception with chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain. The relationship between nitric oxide, oxidative stress and the severity of FMS has not been studied. This study evaluated NO levels in plasma, LPO products and antioxidants in Red Cell lysate in patients of FMS and correlated it with disease severity.

Comparison of student performance by assessment through Objective Structured Practical Examination versus the Conventional Method for second year MBBS students in Microbiology.

Introduction: Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a comprehensive tool for assessment. We wanted to improve our assessment methods and make it a more competence-based evaluation. Thus this study was designed to compare the effectiveness of Objective Structured Practical Examination with that of Conventional Practical Examination.

Evaluation of Various Diagnostic Techniques for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Care Center in North India.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Bactec MGIT (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube) system is a rapid, reliable automated system for early diagnosis of pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB in setups where purchase of expensive instruments is not possible. The present study was thus carried out to evaluate AFB microscopy, culture on Lowenstein Jensen media and micro MGIT system for early and accurate diagnosis of Tuberculosis.

Identification of using different culture media and its association in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Context: , leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aims: The aim of the present study has assessed the association of with normal control group, leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions of the oral cavity by using cornmeal broth +5% milk and milk serum liquid culture media.

Settings And Design: Thepresent study comprised of total 80 patients, which included, 30 patients of Leukoplakia, 30 patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma and normal control group comprised of 20 healthy individuals who were not having any relevant medical, dental and habit history.

Fucose: A biomarker in grading of oral cancer.

Introduction: Early diagnosis of cancer helps a great deal in the management of oral cancer patients. Number of proteinous markers have been employed for this purpose. Majority of them are not specific.

A study of morphological patterns of lip prints in relation to gender of North Indian population.

Background: Establishing a person's identity is a very important process in civil and criminal cases. Dental, fingerprint and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques allowing fast and secure identification processes. However, in certain circumstances related to the scene of the crime or due to lack of experienced personnel, these techniques might be unavailable; so there is still an increasing need for reliable alternative methods of establishing identity.