Resting Heart Rate and Associations With Clinical Measures From the Project Baseline Health Study: Observational Study.

Background: Though widely used, resting heart rate (RHR), as measured by a wearable device, has not been previously evaluated in a large cohort against a variety of important baseline characteristics.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the validity of the RHR measured by a wearable device compared against the gold standard of ECG (electrocardiography), and assess the relationships between device-measured RHR and a broad range of clinical characteristics.

Methods: The Project Baseline Health Study (PHBS) captured detailed demographic, occupational, social, lifestyle, and clinical data to generate a deeply phenotyped cohort.

Correlation Between Lipoprotein(a) and Prognosis for Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a risk factor for first atherosclerotic thrombosis events, but the role of elevated Lp(a) in secondary prevention is controversial. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the influence of elevated Lp(a) levels on the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods: The team collected and compared clinical information of patients hospitalized during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Relationship Between Severity of Ischemia and Coronary Artery Disease for Different Stress Test Modalities in the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Background: The relationship between the extent and severity of stress-induced ischemia and the extent and severity of anatomic coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with obstructive CAD is multifactorial and includes the intensity of stress achieved, type of testing used, presence and extent of prior infarction, collateral blood flow, plaque characteristics, microvascular disease, coronary vasomotor tone, and genetic factors. Among chronic coronary disease participants with site-determined moderate or severe ischemia, we investigated associations between ischemia severity on stress testing and the extent of CAD on coronary computed tomography angiography.

Methods: Clinically indicated stress testing included nuclear imaging, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, or nonimaging exercise tolerance test.

Cangrelor versus crushed ticagrelor in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock: rationale and design of the randomised, double-blind DAPT-SHOCK-AMI trial.

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a devastating and fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). CS can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications. The unique properties of cangrelor make it the optimal P2Y12 inhibitor for CS-AMI, in terms of both efficacy and safety.

Effect of mitochondrial translocator protein TSPO on LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction.

Introduction: Sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction is one of the most serious complications of sepsis. The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO), a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, is widely used as a diagnostic marker of inflammation-related diseases and can also lead to the release of inflammatory components. However, whether TSPO has a therapeutic effect on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction is unclear.

International Variation in Health Status Benefits in Patients Undergoing Initial Invasive Versus Conservative Management for Chronic Coronary Disease: Insights From the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Background: The ISCHEMIA trial (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches) demonstrated greater health status benefits with an initial invasive strategy, as compared with a conservative one, for patients with chronic coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia. Whether these benefits vary globally is important to understand to support global adoption of the results.

Methods: We analyzed participants' disease-specific health status using the validated 7-item Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ: >5-point differences are clinically important) at baseline and over 1-year follow-up across 37 countries in 6 international regions.

Effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on survival free of organ support in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (ACTIV-4a): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, platform trial.

Background: Patients hospitalised for COVID-19 are at risk for multiorgan failure and death. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors provide cardiovascular and kidney protection in patients with cardiometabolic conditions and could provide organ protection during COVID-19. We aimed to investigate whether SGLT2 inhibitors can reduce the need for organ support in patients hospitalised for COVID-19.

α-Ketoglutarate promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration after myocardial infarction.

The neonatal mammalian heart can regenerate following injury through cardiomyocyte proliferation but loses this potential by postnatal day 7. Stimulating adult cardiomyocytes to reenter the cell cycle remains unclear. Here we show that cardiomyocyte proliferation depends on its metabolic state.

An updated resource for the detection of protein-coding circRNA with CircProPlus.

Protein-encoding circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly identified RNA molecules characterized by intense interaction with translating ribosome. Emerging evidence has implicated physiological and pathological significance of these non-canonical RNAs, yet a large body of them remains unidentified. Due to limited tools at hand, we developed CircProPlus, an automated computational pipeline for de novo detection of translated circRNAs.

Influence of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms on coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Objective: Previous studies have shown that apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphisms have an impact on coronary artery disease(CAD). However, many studies have small sample sizes and different conclusions. The purpose was to retrospectively study the influence of ApoE gene polymorphisms on CAD.

A massive pulmonary arteriovenous fistula complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease treated by interventional therapy: a case report.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare disease, and its symptoms lack specificity. For patients with coronary heart disease(CHD), hypertension and other common cardiovascular diseases, PAVF is easy to be ignored. We presented a case of massive PAVF complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease by interventional treatment to improve the understanding of this complex disease.

Perceptions of HIV-Related Comorbidities and Usability of a Virtual Environment for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Education in Sexual Minority Men With HIV: Formative Phases of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Sexual minority men with HIV are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and have been underrepresented in behavioral research and clinical trials.

Objective: This study aims to explore perceptions of HIV-related comorbidities and assess the interest in and usability of a virtual environment for CVD prevention education in Black and Latinx sexual minority men with HIV.

Methods: This is a 3-phase pilot behavioral randomized controlled trial.

The proliferation/migration ability mediated by CD151/PI3K/AKT pathway determines the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs transplantation on rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To elucidate the underlying mechanism by which the proliferation and migration abilities of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) determine their therapeutic efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

Methods: The DBA/1J mice were utilized to establish a collagen-induced RA (CIA) mouse model and to validate the therapeutic efficacy of hUC-MSCs transfected with CD151 siRNA. RNA-seq, QT-PCR and western blotting were utilized to evaluate the mRNA and protein levels of the PI3K/AKT pathway, respectively.

Transient induction of actin cytoskeletal remodeling associated with dedifferentiation, proliferation, and redifferentiation stimulates cardiac regeneration.

The formation of new and functional cardiomyocytes requires a 3-step process: dedifferentiation, proliferation, and redifferentiation, but the critical genes required for efficient dedifferentiation, proliferation, and redifferentiation remain unknown. In our study, a circular trajectory using single-nucleus RNA sequencing of the pericentriolar material 1 positive (PCM1) cardiomyocyte nuclei from hearts 1 and 3 days after surgery-induced myocardial infarction (MI) on postnatal Day 1 was reconstructed and demonstrated that actin remodeling contributed to the dedifferentiation, proliferation, and redifferentiation of cardiomyocytes after injury. We identified four top actin-remodeling regulators, namely , , , and , which we collectively referred to as 2D2P.

Accuracy of Event Rate and Effect Size Estimation in Major Cardiovascular Trials: A Systematic Review.

Importance: For the design of a randomized clinical trial (RCT), estimation of the expected event rate and effect size of an intervention is needed to calculate the sample size. Overestimation may lead to an underpowered trial.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of published estimates of event rate and effect size in contemporary cardiovascular RCTs.

Association between lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Objective: Many previous studies reported the relationship between lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease, but the conclusions were controversial. The aim of our study was to retrospectively investigate the association between lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: We collected and compared clinical information of patients hospitalized for coronary angiography.

Factors Associated With Coronary Angiography Performed Within 6 Months of Randomization to the Conservative Strategy in the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Background: ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches) did not find an overall reduction in cardiovascular events with an initial invasive versus conservative management strategy in chronic coronary disease; however, there were conservative strategy participants who underwent invasive coronary angiography early postrandomization (within 6 months). Identifying factors associated with angiography in conservative strategy participants will inform clinical decision-making in patients with chronic coronary disease.

Methods: Factors independently associated with angiography performed within 6 months of randomization were identified using Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazard models, including demographics, region of randomization, medical history, risk factor control, symptoms, ischemia severity, coronary anatomy based on protocol-mandated coronary computed tomography angiography, and medication use.

Variation in Health Status With Invasive vs Conservative Management of Chronic Coronary Disease.

Background: The ISCHEMIA trial found that patients with chronic coronary disease randomized to invasive strategy had better health status than those randomized to conservative strategy. It is unclear how best to translate these population-level results to individual patients.

Objectives: The authors sought to identify patient characteristics associated with health status from invasive and conservative strategies, and develop a prediction algorithm for shared decision-making.