Left Ventricular Energetics in Patients Receiving Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Introduction: The haemodynamic effects veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) remain inadequately understood. We investigated invasive left ventricular (LV) haemodynamics in patients who underwent treatment with an intensive care strategy involving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).

Methods: We conducted invasive haemodynamic assessments on 15 patients who underwent ECPR and achieved return of spontaneous circulation.

Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Outcomes of Mass Cardiac Arrests Caused by A Crowd Crush.

Introduction: A crowd crush can lead to respiratory arrest and result in multiple mass cardiac arrests (MCAs), which are often classified as Black Tag in disaster triage. Recently, many laypersons have been commonly trained in compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) without ventilation support in various communities. This study aims to describe the characteristics of bystander CPR administered and the outcomes of MCAs during the Itaewon crowd crush incident.

Evaluating post-cardiac arrest blood pressure thresholds associated with neurologic outcome in children: Insights from the pediRES-Q database.

Background: Current Pediatric Advanced Life Support Guidelines recommend maintaining blood pressure (BP) above the 5th percentile for age following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest (CA). Emerging evidence suggests that targeting higher thresholds, such as the 10th or 25th percentiles, may improve neurologic outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the association between post-ROSC BP thresholds and neurologic outcome, hypothesizing that maintaining mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) above these thresholds would be associated with improved outcomes at hospital discharge.

Effects of Canagliflozin Preconditioning on Post-resuscitation Myocardial Function in a Diabetic Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Background: Canagliflozin can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients except for its targeted antidiabetic effects. However, it remains unknown whether canagliflozin alleviates the post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction (PRMD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To explore the effects and potential mechanisms of canagliflozin on myocardial function after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a type 2 diabetic rat model.

To shock or not to shock - the accuracy of cardiac arrest rhythm assessment by paramedics in a simulated environment.

Purpose: Defibrillation in shockable rhythm is a well-known key intervention in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of this study was to analyze accuracy (the sum of the numbers of true positive results and true negative results, divided by the number of total results) of deciding by paramedics whether the rhythm was shockable or non-shockable.

Methods: In this study 103 paramedics from various regions of Poland participated voluntarily.

Comparative effectiveness of self-learning and instructor-assisted pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A prospective randomized study.

Background: Unlike that for adults, training for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of infant and child is scarce, and warrants efforts for greater accessibility. Effective self-learning could expand training accessibility and facilitate the development of effective infant and child cardiopulmonary resuscitation training methods.

Aim: This study was conducted to develop a pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-learning training program, implement nurse training, and evaluate training effectiveness by comparing trainees' achievement of self-efficacy in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with or without instructor assistance.

Amino Acid Infusion for Kidney Protection in Cardiac Surgery Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Secondary Analysis of the PROTECTION Trial.

Background: In the PROTECTION trial, intravenous amino acids (AA) decreased the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Recruitment of renal functional reserve may be responsible for such protection. However, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have diminished renal functional reserve, and AA may be less protective in such patients.

Optimal wearable camera mount locations for medical supervision during simulated out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

The quality of the visual information transmitted from a scene is crucial for effective medical supervision in prehospital settings. This study investigated the influence of wearable camera mount locations on visibility during simulated out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A prospective, observational, non-randomized simulation study was conducted to replicate a cardiac arrest scenario adhering to an advanced life support (ALS) protocol.

Application of high-quality targeted temperature management guided by multimodal brain monitoring in brain protection of patients with cardiac arrest: A case series.

Rationale: Cardiac arrest (CA) is an acute emergency with high mortality and is closely associated with the risk of brain damage or systemic ischemia-reperfusion injury, post-traumatic stress symptoms.

Patient Concerns: Targeted temperature management in the intensive care unit can improve the neurological outcomes of patients who are comatose after resuscitation from CA. However, there is often a lack of specific evaluation methods for optimal target temperature settings.

Association Between Arterial Hyperoxia and Mortality in Pediatric and Adult Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: In patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, the association between arterial hyperoxia and outcomes is unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between arterial Po2 (Pao2) and mortality in patients with ECMO.

Methods: The meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement and registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42023467361).

Shelters in Alpine Rescue: Can They Create a Comfortable Zone at the Deployment Site?

Introduction: Lightweight shelters made of water- and windproof polyester are frequently used by mountain rescue, but information on physical and psychological stress during their use is scarce.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted with 48 experienced rescuers who performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on a manikin in a shelter in alpine terrain. The objective parameters of air temperature, moisture, and concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen were measured inside the shelter.

Visual detection of pulselessness by carotid artery sonography - A prospective observational study among medical students.

Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether medical students with little to no ultrasound experience could correctly distinguish between 'pulsation present' and 'no pulsation present' after a short introductory video on the subject using ultrasound videos of the common carotid artery (CCA).

Methods: Ultrasound videos (B-mode, M-mode, and Color Doppler) of pulsatile (systolic blood pressure 70-80 mmHg) and non-pulsatile (cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, clamped aorta) CCA were created. These were demonstrated to the medical students for a period of ten seconds - corresponding to the duration of the manual pulse palpation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Implementation of the RQI System: Baseline Skills and Self-Report Competence and Confidence Data From 12 NLN Inaugural Change Agent Nursing Programs.

Aim: This article describes the implementation, baseline cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills, and competence and confidence in skills of participants in 12 nursing programs piloting the Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) program. Of 1,847 participants, 175 had not previously completed a CPR course.

Method: Schools could choose the sequence for completing baselines skills and required e-learning modules.

Influence of Training With Corrective Feedback Devices on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Skills Acquisition and Retention: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Several studies related to the use of corrective feedback devices in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, with different populations, training methodologies, and equipment, present distinct results regarding the influence of this technology.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the impact of corrective feedback devices in cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills acquisition and retention for laypeople and health care professionals. Training duration was also studied.

Knowledge of the nursing team about cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation: mixed methods studies.

Objective: To analyze the knowledge and perceptions of the nursing team about arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults before and after in situ simulation in emergency care.

Method: A sequential explanatory mixed methods study conducted in an Emergency Care Unit. Quantitative data were obtained through pre- and post-simulation questionnaire answered by 21 professionals and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Prevalence and Survival Rate of Trauma Patients who Underwent Resuscitative Thoracotomy in a Level One Trauma Center in Southern Iran.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and survival rate of trauma patients who underwent resuscitative thoracotomy (RT) in a level I trauma center in southern Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Rajaee Hospital (Shiraz, Iran) from March 2018 to October 2022, included trauma patients who underwent RT surgery. Demographic information, vital signs at arrival, mechanism of injury, type of trauma, admission and discharge dates, length of hospital stay, blood transfusions, associated injuries, and clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated.

[Design and application of a real-time feedback APP device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation].

The rates of recovery of spontaneous circulation, admission survival, and discharge survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in China are much lower than the world and Asian averages, and the data on the survival of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) patients are also less favorable. The variable quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the low percentage of bystander CPR participation are the main reasons for these phenomena. Real-time feedback devices are an effective strategy to address these issues and have been recommended for use in several guidelines.

"Shrink back is not my intention": a qualitative exploration of Chinese security guards' experiences with bystander CPR.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major public health burden worldwide. Promoting bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (B-CPR) is a key element in improving the survival rate of OHCA. The security guard is a specific population in China that plays a significant role as bystanders in public settings.

Awareness and knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among the general public in West-Bank in Palestine.

Background: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of cardiovascular-related deaths, often occurring outside hospitals in undiagnosed individuals. Our study aims to assess the baseline awareness and skills in performing CPR among the population in Palestine.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to assess CPR knowledge among residents of the West Bank, Palestine.

Inserting a VA-ECMO cannula through an inferior vena cava filter during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has been utilized to treat massive pulmonary embolism (PE) accompanied by cardiac arrest or refractory cardiogenic shock. Our team opted for a femoral-femoral approach for vascular cannulation, using drainage and return cannulas in the common femoral vein and artery, respectively. However, femoral venous cannulation can be limited or challenging due to the presence of thrombus in the inferior vena cava (IVC), making the insertion of the drainage cannula via the femoral vein difficult.

Solid organ transplantation originating from uncontrolled donation after circulatory death in Europe: a narrative review.

Human organ transplantation has begun in the 1960s with donation after circulatory death. At that time this was named non heart beating donation, later donation after cardiac death and nowadays it is named donation after circulatory death. Currently, we are facing a significant shortage of transplant organs in Europe and worldwide.

Re-arrest immediately after return of spontaneous circulation: A retrospective observational study of in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Background: Patients who achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) may re-arrest. This phenomenon has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the immediate (1-min) and short-term (20-min) risks of re-arrest in IHCA.

Barriers for Responding to Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest During Emergency Medical Calls: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Rapid recognition of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (POHCA) is a critical component to prompt initiation of bystander interventions. We aimed to investigate barriers for responding to POHCA during emergency medical calls.

Methods And Results: We included all POHCA calls (aged 0-18 years) from the emergency dispatch center in the Capital Region of Denmark between 2018 and 2021 and excluded POHCAs with no resuscitation order, found dead, where trained health professionals were on site, or where there was no possibility for initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Effect of different intervals of verbal motivation during dispatcher-assisted CPR: A randomized controlled simulation trial.

Aim Of The Study: High quality chest compressions are essential for survival and good neurological outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Dispatcher- assisted CPR (DA-CPR) has led to increased survival in OHCA. Recently, additional verbal motivation has shown positive effects on CPR quality.