Expressivist objections to prenatal screening and testing: Perceptions of people living with disability.

The 'expressivist objection' (EO) refers to the notion that using reproductive (genetic) technologies to prevent the birth of future would-be disabled people contain, and express, a negative valuation of life with disability. Whilst the EO has received increased attention in recent years in line with rapid technological and genomic developments, there remains scant research on how EO concerns are experienced and expressed by disabled people and their families, especially within and between impairment groups. Bringing together two studies-one with adults and family members living with genetic conditions (n = 62) and one with parents of children with Down's syndrome (n = 22)-we argue that disabled people and their families variously embrace, reject or rework the EO across contexts, and yet also frequently situate it within broad support for reproductive technologies.

Disciplinary boundaries and integrating care: using Q-methodology to understand trainee views on being a good doctor.

Background: Rising numbers of patients with multiple-conditions and complex care needs mean that it is increasingly important for doctors from different specialty areas to work together, alongside other members of the multi-disciplinary team, to provide patient centred care. However, intra-professional boundaries and silos within the medical profession may challenge holistic approaches to patient care.

Methods: We used Q methodology to examine how postgraduate trainees (n = 38) on a range of different specialty programmes in England and Wales could be grouped based on their rankings of 40 statements about 'being a good doctor'.

Developing educators of European undergraduate dental students: Towards an agreed curriculum.

Introduction: Recent developments in European dental education are student-focused, concerned with competency-based and problem-based learning. The development of dental educators has so far received little consideration. This study aimed to agree curriculum content for developing dental educators so that they are better able to support changing undergraduate dental education.

Using Text Messaging in Long-Term Arthroplasty Follow-Up: A Pilot Study.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and mobile technology have the potential to change the way patients are monitored following joint replacement surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of text messaging to record PROMs in long-term follow-up of hip and knee arthroplasty. Our participants were 17 patients 2-years-plus post hip or knee arthroplasty attending clinic with a mobile telephone number on record.

How prepared are UK medical graduates for practice? A rapid review of the literature 2009-2014.

Objective: To understand how prepared UK medical graduates are for practice and the effectiveness of workplace transition interventions.

Design: A rapid review of the literature (registration #CRD42013005305).

Data Sources: Nine major databases (and key websites) were searched in two timeframes (July-September 2013; updated May-June 2014): CINAHL, Embase, Educational Resources Information Centre, Health Management Information Consortium, MEDLINE, MEDLINE in Process, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Knowledge.

Culture and its influences on dental education.

Introduction: Culture is an important factor influencing how students develop learning and how educators provide support to students. The aim of this paper is to explore a concept of national European cultures, and relationships between culture and educational practice with the intention of helping the dental profession gain a better understanding of effective teaching and learning in dentistry.

Content: Culture represents the collective behaviours, values and beliefs of people in a society.

Roles and competences for educators of undergraduate dental students: a discussion paper.

Introduction: Dental educators are important people who contribute to the development of every aspect of dental education. In part due to the lack of understanding of their roles and competences, dental educator development has so far received little consideration. With the aim of enhancing the dental profession's contribution to the development of undergraduate dental education, this article explores common roles of educators of undergraduate dental students and the competences needed to be effective educators.

Can a mobile app improve the quality of patient care provided by trainee doctors? Analysis of trainees' case reports.

Objectives: To explore how a medical textbook app ('iDoc') supports newly qualified doctors in providing high-quality patient care.

Design: The iDoc project, funded by the Wales Deanery, provides new doctors with an app which gives access to key medical textbooks. Participants' submitted case reports describing self-reported accounts of specific instances of app use.

'It's surprising how differently they treat you': a qualitative analysis of trainee reflections on a new programme for generalist doctors.

Objectives: An increase in patients with long-term conditions and complex care needs presents new challenges to healthcare providers around the developed world. In response, more broad-based training programmes have developed to better prepare trainees for the changing landscape of healthcare delivery. This paper focuses on qualitative elements of a longitudinal, mixed-methods evaluation of the postgraduate, post-Foundation Broad-Based Training (BBT) programme in England.

Among friends: a qualitative exploration of the role of peers in young people's alcohol use using Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field and capital.

Drinking is viewed by young people as a predominantly social activity which provides an opportunity for entertainment and bonding with friends. Using Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field and capital, this article explores young people's attitudes and beliefs around alcohol use, influences on behaviour, and the role of peers, with a view to informing the development of preventive interventions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 young people aged 18-20 in the south west of England.

'He's going to be a doctor in August': a narrative interview study of medical students' and their educators' experiences of aligned and misaligned assistantships.

Objective: To explore final-year students' and clinical supervisors' experiences of alignment and misalignment with future Foundation Year 1 (F1) posts in an assistantship programme in the UK.

Setting: Assistantships are clinical placements in which students assist junior doctors by undertaking similar duties under supervision. Models of assistantship programmes vary across curricula.

Competence, competency-based education, and undergraduate dental education: a discussion paper.

Introduction: The aim of undergraduate dental education is to provide competent dentists to serve societal needs and improve population oral healthcare. Competency-based education has influenced the development of dental education for decades but this term is problematic. This article explores components of competency-based undergraduate health professional education in order to help the dental profession have a better understanding of the context and purposes of undergraduate dental education.

Implications of aligning full registration of doctors with medical school graduation: a qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives.

Objectives: The Shape of Training report recommended that full registration is aligned with medical school graduation. As part of a General Medical Council-funded study about the preparedness for practice of UK medical graduates, we explored UK stakeholders' views about this proposal using qualitative interviews (30 group and 87 individual interviews) and Framework Analysis.

Setting: Four UK study sites, one in each country.

Quantifying the Error Associated with Alternative GIS-based Techniques to Measure Access to Health Care Services.

The aim of this study was to quantify the error associated with different accessibility methods commonly used by public health researchers. Network distances were calculated from each household to the nearest GP our study area in the UK. Household level network distances were assigned as the gold standard and compared to alternate widely used accessibility methods.

Applying the Consensual Method of Estimating Poverty in a Low Income African Setting.

We present the first study of multidimensional poverty in Benin using the consensual or socially perceived necessities approach. There is a remarkable level consensus about what constitutes the necessities of life and an adequate standard of living. Following Townsend's concept of relative deprivation, we show how social consensus provides the basis for a reliable and valid index of multiple deprivation, which can be used to reflect multidimensional poverty.

Technology in postgraduate medical education: a dynamic influence on learning?

The influence of technology in medical workplace learning is explored by focusing on three uses: m-learning (notably apps), simulation and social media. Smartphones with point-of-care tools (such as textbooks, drug guides and medical calculators) can support workplace learning and doctors' decision-making. Simulations can help develop technical skills and team interactions, and 'in situ' simulations improve the match between the virtual and the real.

A qualitative investigation of the role of the family in structuring young people's alcohol use.

Background: Few qualitative studies have investigated young people's perspectives around influences on substance use. We aimed to examine young people's understandings, attitudes and experiences around alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and factors influencing substance use behaviour.

Methods: Qualitative interview study involving 28 young people (13 males and 15 females) aged 18-20 years, recruited purposively on the basis of substance use, who were participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.

How a mobile app supports the learning and practice of newly qualified doctors in the UK: an intervention study.

Background: The transition from medical school to the workplace can be demanding, with high expectations placed on newly qualified doctors. The provision of up-to-date and accurate information is essential to support doctors at a time when they are managing increased responsibility for patient care. In August 2012, the Wales Deanery issued the Dr.

The development of a designated dental pathway for looked after children.

Objective: To explore the impact of a community-based dental care pathway on the dental care of children entering residential or foster care.

Design: The study used qualitative data collected during interviews with children who used the service, their carers and key professionals involved in the pathway, and routine quantitative data concerned with care entry and the dental service use.

Results: The dental pathway facilitated dental care access for children entering statutory care, met the dental needs of service users even when dental care provision proved challenging, and offered a consistent dental service regardless of care moves.

Investigating the degree of "stigma" associated with nuclear energy technologies: A cross-cultural examination of the case of fusion power.

The extent to which nuclear energy technologies are, in some sense, "stigmatised" by historical environmental and military associations is of particular interest in contemporary debates about sustainable energy policy. Recent claims in the literature suggest that despite such stigmatisation, lay views on such technologies may be shifting towards a "reluctant acceptance," in the light of concerns about issues like anthropogenic climate change. In this paper, we report on research into learning and reasoning processes concerned with a largely unknown nuclear energy technology; namely fusion power.

Supporting newly qualified dental therapists into practice: a longitudinal evaluation of a foundation training scheme for dental therapists (TFT).

Objectives: Focused on the dental therapists foundation training (TFT) scheme run by the Postgraduate Dental Deaneries of Oxford and Wessex (NHS Education South Central - NESC) the objectives were (1) to evaluate the TFT 2010/11 scheme, identifying strengths, areas for development and drawing comparisons with the 2009 evaluation; and (2) to follow-up previous cohorts, reporting current work and retrospective reflections on the scheme.

Methods: Data were collected from 2010/11 ('current') trainees (n = 10) through group discussion, questionnaire and portfolio extracts. Eleven past-trainees from 2008/09 and 2009/10 took part in a structured telephone interview or responded to questions via e-mail.

Developing engagement, linkage and exchange between health services managers and researchers: Experience from the UK.

Objectives: The UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Service Delivery and Organisation (SDO) Management Fellowship programme enabled health services managers and university researchers to collaborate on research projects with the aim of improving research, managers' research knowledge and skills, and the use of research in management. Our aim was to evaluate whether the programme encouraged greater engagement, linkage and exchange between researchers and managers.

Methods: A case-study approach with each case-study centred on 11 health care managers appointed as Fellows, chief investigators (n = 13) and Fellows' line managers (n = 12).