Intratumor heterogeneity of EGFR expression mediates targeted therapy resistance and formation of drug tolerant microenvironment.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors are commonly used to treat non-small cell lung cancers with EGFR mutations, but drug resistance often emerges. Intratumor heterogeneity is a known cause of targeted therapy resistance and is considered a major factor in treatment failure. This study identifies clones of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung tumors expressing low levels of both wild-type and mutant EGFR protein.

Tumor cell-based liquid biopsy using high-throughput microfluidic enrichment of entire leukapheresis product.

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) in blood encompass DNA, RNA, and protein biomarkers, but clinical utility is limited by their rarity. To enable tumor epitope-agnostic interrogation of large blood volumes, we developed a high-throughput microfluidic device, depleting hematopoietic cells through high-flow channels and force-amplifying magnetic lenses. Here, we apply this technology to analyze patient-derived leukapheresis products, interrogating a mean blood volume of 5.

Comparative Evaluation of the Preventive Effects of Citral, Silymarin, Thymoquinone, and Curcumin on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Cardiac and Pulmonary Toxicity in Rats.

Objectives: 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy is a highly recommended treatment for different types of solid tumors. However, this treatment can have severe side effects on the heart and lungs. In this study, we compared the protective effects of citral, silymarin, thymoquinone, and curcumin against 5-fluorouracil-induced toxicity in the heart and lungs of rats.

EGFR status assessment using reflex testing targeted next-generation sequencing for resected non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

EGFR status assessment is mandatory for adjuvant decision-making of resected stage IB-IIIA non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC). It is questionable whether single-gene RT-PCR versus next-generation sequencing (NGS) should be used for this evaluation. Moreover, co-occurring mutations have an impact on tumor behavior and may influence future therapeutic decision-making.

Anamorelin and Conduction Defects: A Literature Review and Analysis of the Japanese Pharmacovigilance Database.

Background/aim: Cancer cachexia is characterized by weight loss with a specific decrease in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In Japan, anamorelin, which has a novel mechanism of action, was approved in 2021 for the treatment of cancer cachexia. However, little information is available on its safety in routine clinical care, in particular the occurrence of conduction defects as adverse reactions.

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adverse Events of Endocrine Therapies in Women with Breast Cancer: A Disproportionality Analysis of Reports in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Introduction: Emerging evidence suggests potential cardiovascular toxicities from oral endocrine therapies (ETs); however, results are conflicting. This study comprehensively examined adverse reactions of ETs and investigated cardiovascular and metabolic safety signals within the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: Reports in the FAERS through December 2023 were analyzed for documented reactions to tamoxifen, letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane in female breast cancer patients.

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals key stromal prognostic markers in pancreatic cancer.

In recent years, it has been shown that stroma compartment can favor tumor proliferation and aggressiveness. Although extensive research with network analyses such as Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) has been conducted on pancreatic cancer and its stromal components, WGCNA has not previously been applied to isolate and identify genes associated with the abundance of stroma and survival outcome from bulk RNA data. We investigated the gene expression profile and clinical information of 140 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients from TCGA.

Cardiac Spindle Cell Sarcoma: A Challenging Presentation and Diagnosis of a Rare Malignant Primary Cardiac Tumor.

We present a case of a 72-year-old female patient with dyspnea and lipothymia. Echocardiography demonstrates an intracavitary cystic mass that fills almost all left atria causing supravalvular obstruction. The magnetic resonance image revealed a 53 × 47 × 48 mm heterogeneous mass with regular edges, tissue characterization suggested myxoma.

Androgen deprivation therapy use and the risk of heart failure in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aim: We aimed in this study to investigate the relationship between Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) use and the risk of heart failure in patients with prostate cancer. In this research, the negative or positive effects of ADT in the development of cardiovascular diseases or its exacerbation in people with prostate cancer have been investigated.

Materials And Methods: For this research, we reviewed articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases until February 2024.

Risk Factors for Death from Heart Disease in Elderly Colon Cancer Patients with Liver Metastasis.

Background: Colon cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. The study aimed to identify the risk factors of death from heart disease in the elderly colon cancer patients with liver metastasis.

Methods: All data of the retrospective study were retrieved from database of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results between 2000 and 2020.

- a large-scale dataset of 3D medical shapes for computer vision.

Objectives: The shape is commonly used to describe the objects. State-of-the-art algorithms in medical imaging are predominantly diverging from computer vision, where voxel grids, meshes, point clouds, and implicit surface models are used. This is seen from the growing popularity of ShapeNet (51,300 models) and Princeton ModelNet (127,915 models).

Genome-scale modeling identifies dynamic metabolic vulnerabilities during the epithelial to mesenchymal transition.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a conserved cellular process critical for embryogenesis, wound healing, and cancer metastasis. During EMT, cells undergo large-scale metabolic reprogramming that supports multiple functional phenotypes including migration, invasion, survival, chemo-resistance and stemness. However, the extent of metabolic network rewiring during EMT is unclear.

Death and hospital contact in a cohort from Thyborøn-Harboøre an environmentally contaminated site in Denmark.

We studied mortality and hospital contact in people from Thyborøn-Harboøre, an environmentally contaminated fishing community on the Danish West Coast. The population and a comparison group from other fishing communities on the Danish West Coast were identified from historical data in the Central Population Register. All persons were followed up for death and hospital contacts to March 2023.

Risk classification for non-cancer death in middle-aged cancer patients.

Introduction: Non-cancer events are important causes of competing mortality among cancer patients. However, the risk of non-cancer death and risk classification in middle-aged cancer patients is not clear. To comprehensively analyze the risk of non-cancer deaths in 24 different cancers among middle-aged patients.

Edge Artificial Intelligence Device in Real-Time Endoscopy for Classification of Gastric Neoplasms: Development and Validation Study.

Objective: We previously developed artificial intelligence (AI) diagnosis algorithms for predicting the six classes of stomach lesions. However, this required significant computational resources. The incorporation of AI into medical devices has evolved from centralized models to decentralized edge computing devices.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICITY OF EPIRUBICIN AND DOXORUBICIN IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER.

Unlabelled: Patients with breast cancer (BC) are at high risk of cardiotoxicity (CT) due to combination of anticancer treatment.Cardio-vascular (СV) complications lead to the delay or discontinuation of anticancer therapy, which significantlyworsens the prognosis. Anthracyclines (AC) are the main drugs included in most anticancer treatment regimens.

The potential role of cardiac CT in ischemic stroke: bridging cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health.

Ischemic stroke, accounting for approximately 80% of all stroke cases, remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Effective management of ischemic stroke is heavily influenced by its etiology, which can range from large-artery atherosclerosis and cardiac embolism to cerebral small-vessel occlusions and cryptogenic strokes. Cardioembolic stroke, which makes up about 30% of ischemic strokes, often leads to more severe symptoms and worse outcomes, necessitating anticoagulation therapy for prevention.

MOUNTAINEER-03 phase III study design: first-line mFOLFOX6 + tucatinib + trastuzumab for HER2+ metastatic colorectal cancer.

Patients diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have a poor prognosis with survival ranging 2-3 years. The prevalence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification is approximately 3-4% in mCRC and increases up to 8% in patients with // wild-type (WT) CRC tumors. Tucatinib is a highly selective HER2-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitor that, in combination with trastuzumab, has demonstrated clinically meaningful activity in patients with chemotherapy-refractory, HER2-positive (HER2+), WT mCRC in the MOUNTAINEER trial.

Analysis of TSC1 and TSC2 genes and evaluation of phenotypic correlations with tuberous sclerosis.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the formation of benign tumors in various organs, particularly in the central nervous system. We aimed to delineate the molecular profile of Turkish individuals diagnosed with TSC by analyzing the TSC1 and TSC2 genes using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Sophia Genetics' Sophia Inherited Disease Panel was used to perform NGS on 22 individuals diagnosed with TSC and to identify pathogenic variants in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes.

Among the Masses: Multiple Left Atrial Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcomas.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, an exceedingly rare and aggressive primary cardiac tumor arising from mesenchymal stem cells, is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality despite adequate treatment. A 52-year-old female presented with a 2-month history of angina and dyspnea on exertion. Her clinical history included severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 myocarditis and iron deficiency anemia.

Association of cardiovascular disease on cancer: observational and mendelian randomization analyses.

Extensive research is needed to examine the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. The observational study is based on data collected from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). To assess the connection between CVDs and cancer, we used a weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis with as many confounding factors as feasible included in the model.

Myocarditis in Patients Starting Combination Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Analysis of a Commercial Claims Database.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved the clinical outcomes of several cancers but have also been associated with a greater risk of immune-related adverse effects, especially when combined. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of myocarditis in relation to the use of dual concurrent versus single immune checkpoint inhibitors therapies.

Methods And Results: A cohort study was conducted using medical and pharmacy claims data (2011-2022) from a large US commercial insurer.

Closure of Ventricular Septal Rupture through a Left Thoracotomy in a Patient with a History of Esophageal Reconstruction.

A 73-year-old man who had undergone esophagectomy and retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction for esophageal cancer 8 years prior was transferred to our hospital for the treatment of an acute myocardial infarction. Emergent percutaneous coronary intervention for the left anterior descending artery (#7) was successfully performed. However, echocardiography revealed a ventricular septal rupture (25×27 mm).

Impact of Implementing a Grossing Tumor-margin Distance Threshold for Frozen Section in Oncologic Lung Surgery.

Intraoperative frozen section (FS) examination of oncologic surgical specimens is frequently performed to ensure complete surgical resection. Data on the gross evaluation of surgical margins are limited. We recently published a study suggesting the use of a macroscopic 2.