3,430 results match your criteria: "Carcinoid Tumor Intestinal"

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common germ cell tumor of the ovary, comprising 20% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant transformation (MT) is an uncommon complication and occurs in approximately 1-3% of all MCTs. The most common histological type of MT is squamous cell carcinoma.

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Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are characterized by carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid heart disease (CHD). The aim of the present study was to identify early risk markers for carcinoid heart disease and survival in a prospective median-term follow-up setting. We measured 5-HIAA and cumulative 5-HIAA exposure (Cum-5-HIAA) based on repeated measurements, proBNP, vascular function, hepatic tumor load, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at baseline and during the median 5-year follow-up.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are linked to enterochromaffin cells and have shown a unique fecal microbial signature in patients, indicating an altered gut microbiome compared to healthy controls.
  • - A study involving sequencing of fecal samples from 60 NET patients and 20 matched controls revealed specific differences in microbial communities, with 16 species and 18 pathways significantly varying between groups, yet no notable differences in microbial composition were found between patients with and without carcinoid syndrome (CS).
  • - The research identifies potential microbial signatures that could serve as biomarkers for diagnosing midgut NET and distinguishing between patients with and without CS, with high accuracy in predicting presence based on microbial pathways and species.
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Article Synopsis
  • A case is presented involving a NET in the ileal pouch of a UC patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis who had undergone surgery and liver transplantation.
  • The article includes a review of existing literature on this topic, highlighting the limited reports on NET occurrence in ileal pouches in UC patients.
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Carcinoid heart findings in vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumour.

BMJ Case Rep

November 2024

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • - Diagnosis of tricuspid valve disease in patients with carcinoid heart syndrome is often done with echocardiography, especially in those already diagnosed with carcinoid syndrome.
  • - VIPoma is a rare type of tumor occurring in 0.05%-2% of cases, causing symptoms like flushing, diarrhea, and electrolyte issues without typically affecting heart valves.
  • - In a notable case, detection of tricuspid regurgitation and stenosis during echocardiography led to a quicker investigation for cancer, ultimately revealing the presence of VIPoma.
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Small bowel neuroendocrine tumor presenting with chronic diarrhea and mesenteric ischemia: A case report.

Clin Case Rep

November 2024

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar.

Article Synopsis
  • * A specific case involving a duodenal bulb NET illustrates how harmful symptoms like chronic diarrhea and weight loss can go unrecognized for years.
  • * The importance of early diagnosis and a teamwork approach in treatment is emphasized to prevent serious outcomes in patients with GI NETs.
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Article Synopsis
  • Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) can vary in aggressiveness, and this study aimed to confirm an automated test for serum chromogranin A (CgA) to help monitor these tumors' progression.
  • The study involved 153 GEP-NET patients and assessed tumor progression using imaging alongside changes in CgA levels, with a specific threshold indicating tumor growth.
  • Results showed the CgA test had high specificity (93.4%) and negative predictive value (84.3%), suggesting it could be a valuable tool alongside standard imaging methods for tracking GEP-NETs.
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Article Synopsis
  • * A study analyzed 165 stage IV SI-NET patients between 2015 and 2021, revealing that 25% developed CHD, particularly moderate-to-severe tricuspid insufficiency, and had a median OS of 4.5 years after CHD diagnosis.
  • * The research highlights the importance of screening and monitoring for CHD in patients with CS, as CHD significantly worsens prognosis, with a hazard ratio for OS
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Article Synopsis
  • Ovarian neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors often found in mature teratomas, but there hasn’t been a recent study looking at their characteristics using new tumor markers.
  • This study analyzed 34 unilateral NETs, identifying four distinct immunophenotypic profiles and determining the tumors' grade and proliferation rates with specific markers.
  • The findings indicate that the most common NET type shows an intestinal phenotype, suggesting a neuroendocrine precursor in the teratoma and emphasizing that these tumors shouldn't be classified based on the surrounding teratoma components.
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Article Synopsis
  • Evidence-based treatment for advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) requires personalized decisions that take into account individual patient and cancer characteristics. !* -
  • A multidisciplinary panel reviewed 131 publications to develop a guidance document with 24 recommendations and 5 good clinical practice statements focusing on diagnostic features and biomarkers for managing unresectable or metastatic GEP-NENs. !* -
  • The document emphasizes treatment strategies based on tumor characteristics and specific biomarkers, and it received endorsements from major neuroendocrine tumor organizations. !*
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Context: Autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) is a frequently underdiagnosed disease due to its broad-spectrum clinical presentation. The diagnosis is based on histological confirmation of corpus-restricted metaplastic chronic atrophic gastritis.

Objective: To thoroughly describe the histological features of a European cohort of AAG patients.

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Goblet cell adenocarcinoma.

Semin Diagn Pathol

September 2024

University of California San Diego, USA. Electronic address:

Appendix, considered a vestigial and disposable organ, has been long neglected as a source of abdominal tumors. Among the appendiceal tumors, goblet cell adenocarcinoma (GCA) is a rare primary epithelial neoplasm which has undergone multiple name changes and classifications in recent years, adding to confusion surrounding this unique amphicrine tumor. This entity was previously known as goblet cell carcinoid and adenocarcinoma ex goblet cell carcinoid.

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Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix: Diagnosis, differentials, and disease progression.

Semin Diagn Pathol

September 2024

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address:

Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors are the most common neoplasm of the appendix. They are graded and staged using World Health Organization and American Joint Committee on Cancer criteria, respectively. They may be invisible grossly or form rounded yellow nodules, sometimes in the appendiceal tip.

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Late perforation of the ileum is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication following intestinal resection. We present a unique case of a woman in her 60s with a history of appendiceal carcinoid tumour, who underwent a right hemicolectomy. Positron emission tomography and surveillance CTs showed normal surgical changes and no recurrent malignancy.

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Ileo-Ileal Intussusception Secondary to Neuroendocrine Tumor in Adult Patient.

Am J Case Rep

August 2024

Department of Internal Medicine, Brookwood Baptist Health, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Intussusception, mostly seen in children, is when part of the intestine folds into another section; in adults, it can be caused by issues like tumors or polyps, with neuroendocrine tumors being a rare cause.
  • A 60-year-old man with abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding was diagnosed with ileo-ileal intussusception due to a grade 1 neuroendocrine tumor after imaging and surgery.
  • This case highlights the importance of using CT scans for diagnosing intussusception in adults and emphasizes the need to investigate potential underlying malignancies in such cases.
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Endogenous hypercorticism (EH) is a severe symptom complex caused by hypercortisolemia; according to the etiology, ACTH-dependent and ACTH-independent variants are distinguished, which, according to the literature, occur in 70-80% and 20-30% of cases, respectively. A rare cause of ACTH-dependent endogenous hypercorticism is ACTH-ectopic syndrome (ACTH-ES) (about 15-20% of cases). ACTH-ES is a syndrome of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hyperproduction by neuroendocrine tumors of extrahypophyseal origin.

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Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Prim Care

September 2024

Department of Family Medicine, Dignity Health Medical Group/Creighton University SOM, Suite 2021, Gilbert, AZ 85297, USA. Electronic address:

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), also known as neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), are rare tumors derived from cells with characteristics of both nerve and endocrine cells. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of NENs vary significantly depending on the type, location, whether the neoplasm is hormonally functional, how aggressive it is, and whether it has metastasized to other parts of the body. This article provides an overview of specific types of NETs, clinical presentations and related syndromes, diagnosis, and approach to management of common NENs.

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Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are slow-growing tumors. Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. First-line NEN therapy is somatostatin analogs, which could be responsible for malabsorption conditions, such as pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (EPI) with underlying sarcopenia.

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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are commonly seen in the small intestine and rarely found within the bile ducts. This low incidence is due to a smaller number of Kulchitsky cells in the extrahepatic biliary tree, which predisposes to the disease. The diagnosis of biliary tree carcinoid preoperatively is very rare, with most cases in the literature being incidentally diagnosed during surgery or being identified on the histopathology report postoperatively.

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European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2024 guidance paper for the management of well-differentiated small intestine neuroendocrine tumours.

J Neuroendocrinol

September 2024

Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, ENETS Center of Excellence Erlangen, CCC Erlangen- EMN, and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • The incidence and prevalence of well-differentiated small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (Si-NET) are rising, with most cases being non-functioning and often discovered incidentally during routine procedures or late-stage imaging.
  • About 30% of patients experience symptoms related to the carcinoid syndrome, highlighting the disease's subtle presentation.
  • Effective treatment planning requires thorough biochemical assessment and staging, ideally conducted in specialized ENETS Centres of Excellence or expert centers, as outlined in guidance focusing on management strategies for Si-NET grades 1-3.
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Bowel pseudo-obstruction caused by goblet cell adenocarcinoma of the appendix: A case report.

Int J Surg Case Rep

August 2024

Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.

Introduction: Goblet cell adenocarcinoma of the appendix is a rare diagnosis with features of both adenocarcinomas and carcinoid tumors. Commonly presenting with chronic abdominal pain, appendicitis, or abdominal distention, it can also be incidentally discovered during appendectomies.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old man with right lower abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital, which is a critical care center.

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We present a rare and complex case of a 76-year-old male patient with a history of low-grade neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the small intestine, status post resection, who presented with recurrence of the tumor in the liver and subsequent carcinoid heart syndrome (CHS). The recurrent liver tumor caused severe tricuspid regurgitation and CHS, highlighting the rare association between NETs and CHS, particularly in the elderly population. This case underscores the importance of multidisciplinary care and close monitoring for patients with recurrent NETs and potential cardiac complications.

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