Terahertz Wave Desensitizes Ferroptosis by Inhibiting the Binding of Ferric Ions to the Transferrin.

Ferroptosis is a classic type of programmed cell death characterized by iron dependence, which is closely associated with many diseases such as cancer, intestinal ischemic diseases, and nervous system diseases. Transferrin (Tf) is responsible for ferric-ion delivery owing to its natural Fe binding ability and plays a crucial role in ferroptosis. However, Tf is not considered as a classic druggable target for ferroptosis-associated diseases since systemic perturbation of Tf would dramatically disrupt blood iron homeostasis.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurological disease with complex genetic etiology, yet most known loci were only identified from the late-onset type of European ancestry.

Method: We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AD totaling 6,878 Chinese and 487,511 European individuals.

Result: We demonstrated a shared genetic architecture between early- and late-onset AD.

The Replicability Crisis and Human Agency in the Neo-Structured World.

The paper analyzes current discussions concerning the so called "replicability crisis" - a notion describing difficulties in attempts to confirm existing research findings by their additional scrutiny or by new empirical studies. We propose interpretation that this "crisis" may be seen as a manifestation of the increasing inconsistency between, on the one hand, the outdated views on a human being and social structures dominating in the academic mainstream across various disciplines, including psychology and sociology, and, on the other hand, the reality of the emerging new stage of societal evolution, neo-structuration, which brings to the forefront individual agency. Our analysis suggests the possibilities for the future inter-disciplinary paradigmatic shift, which implies putting in the center of research not the idea of a constant or predictably developing individual in the context of solid external structures operating in line with a presumably sustainable "progress".

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative diseases associated with prion protein. The disease can be caused by mutations in the PRNP gene, the gene that encodes prion protein. An octapeptide repeat on the N-terminus of prion protein plays an important role in normal intercellular function of prion protein.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (NPS) (e.g., aggression, psychosis, anxiety, apathy, depression, agitation, sleep disturbances, repetitive behaviors) occur in 85% of AD patients, and are associated with accelerated decline, out-of-home placement, increased costs, and greatly increased suffering of patients and families.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Dysregulation of various metabolism pathways may mediate the development of AD pathology and cognitive dysfunction. Variants of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) are known to increase the risk of developing AD.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as senile dementia, is the most common degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Neuroinflammation is currently believed to be a crucial factor in the progression of AD, while its exact mechanism remains unclear.

Method: APP/PS1 AD mice were treated with a natural active ingredient tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside (TSG) at 40 mg/kg/day and 80 mg/kg/day respectively for 5 consecutive months, and then the Morris water maze test (MWM) and the novel object recognition test were performed to assess the effect of TSG on the cognitive and memory ability of AD mice.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder phenotypically manifested by motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms (Novak and Tabrizi, 2011). These patients are also characterized by vigilance abnormalities. This has been demonstrated by electrophysiological measures (Wiegand et al.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are both neurodegenerative conditions involving the basal ganglia area of the brain. Both conditions can cause symptoms that affect movement. Cognitive decline or dementia can also occur in both.

Recent advances in mRNA-based therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy is an innovative approach that delivers specific protein-coding information. By promoting the ribosomal synthesis of target proteins within cells, it supplements functional or antigenic proteins to treat diseases. Unlike traditional gene therapy, mRNA does not need to enter the cell nucleus, reducing the risks associated with gene integration.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: The human brain is a complex inter-wired system that emerges spontaneous functional fluctuations. In spite of tremendous success in the experimental neuroscience field, a system-level understanding of how brain anatomy supports various neural activities remains elusive.

Method: Capitalizing on the unprecedented amount of neuroimaging data, we present a physics-informed deep model to uncover the coupling mechanism between brain structure and function through the lens of data geometry that is rooted in the widespread wiring topology of connections between distant brain regions.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Amerindian (AI) populations are substantially underrepresented in AD genetic studies. The Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP), a global genetic initiative established by the National Institute of Aging (NIA) is supporting regional initiatives in Latin America and its admixed population. Latin America is the largest recently admixed population, with variable Native American, European, and African ancestry proportions, as result of successive settlements and new massive migrations.

Antihypertensive Deprescribing and Functional Status in VA Long-Term Care Residents With and Without Dementia.

Background: Deprescribing antihypertensives is of growing interest in geriatric medicine, yet the impact on functional status is unknown. We emulated a target trial of deprescribing antihypertensive medications compared with continued use on functional status measured by activities of daily living (ADL) in a long-term care population.

Methods: We included 12,238 Veteran Affairs long-term care residents age 65+ who had a stay ≥ 12 weeks between 2006 and 2019.

Physical activity partially mediates the association between health literacy and mild cognitive impairment in older adults: cross-sectional evidence from Switzerland.

Individuals' health literacy (HL) is positively associated with healthy behaviors and global cognitive functioning. Current evidence also suggests that physical activity may prevent or delay cognitive decline and dementia. This study examines the potential mediating role of physical activity in the association between HL and cognition in a population-based sample of adults aged 58+ in Switzerland.

A Single Bioorthogonal Reaction for Multiplex Cell Surface Protein Labeling.

Small-molecule fluorophores are invaluable tools for fluorescence imaging. However, means for their covalent conjugation to the target proteins limit applications in multicolor imaging. Here, we identify 2-[(alkylhio)(ryl)ethylene]alononitrile (TAMM) molecules reacting with 1,2-aminothiol at a labeling rate over 10 M s through detailed mechanistic investigation.

How do Psychological Factors Influence Disaster Preparedness? Evidence from Disaster-Stricken Mountainous Areas of China.

Objectives: Disaster preparedness plays a vital role in mitigating risks and strengthening resilience of local communities in rural areas. This study examines the linkage between psychological factors and 4 kinds of disaster preparedness intentions and explores the challenges in translating intentions into actions.

Methods: This study utilized survey data from 325 households in Chongqing, China, that are threatened by geological disasters.

Machine learning-assisted construction of COPD self-evaluation questionnaire (COPD-EQ): a national multicentre study in China.

Background: Approximately 70% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed worldwide. We aimed to develop and validate a COPD self-evaluation questionnaire (COPD-EQ) that is better suited for COPD screening in China.

Methods: We developed a primary version of COPD-EQ based on the Delphi method.

Metabolic Characterization of Cerebrospinal Fluid for Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Preliminary Study.

Background: Metabolomics offers promise in uncovering potential biomarkers and understanding the pathophysiology of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), which is a cluster of disorders with the host immune system targeting self-antigens expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). In this research, our objective was to explore metabolic characterization in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individuals with AE, aiming to shed light on the pathophysiology of AE.

Methods: A targeted approach was applied using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system to study CSF metabolites in patients with AE (n = 18), and control subjects without neurological diseases (n = 17).

The Effect of APOE ε4 on Alzheimer's Disease Fluid Biomarkers: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the COAST.

Aims: To analyze the effect of APOE ε4 on fluid biomarkers and the correlations between blood molecules and CSF biomarkers in AD patients.

Methods: This study enrolled 575 AD patients, 131 patients with non-AD dementia, and 112 cognitively normal (CN) participants, and AD patients were divided into APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and blood-derived biomolecules were compared between AD and CN groups, between non-AD dementia and CN groups, as well as within APOE ε4 subgroups of AD patients.

Health economics of snakebite envenomation: A sub-Saharan African perspective.

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is affected by the high direct and indirect costs of snakebite envenomation. With >30% of global mortality, different economic barriers still exist, and effective strategies must be employed to avert the burden and promote quality of life. With the WHO target of reducing the number of snakebites by one-half by 2030, different aspects concerning snakebite envenomation economics must be evaluated, and potential strategies must be developed.

Why we need a representative organization of academic PRM in Europe, and why we need it now.

The growing relevance of rehabilitation in healthcare to address increasing patient needs necessitates robust Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) integration into medical education and practice. Academic PRM, rooted in medical faculties, is vital for developing the medical speciality as an academic discipline across Europe, where it faces challenges, including limited representation in medical schools and competition for resources with established disciplines. This commentary advocates establishing a representative organization for academic PRM in Europe.

Does rehabilitation improve work participation in patients with chronic spinal pain after spinal surgery: a systematic review.

Objective: Patients with therapy-refractory chronic spinal pain after spinal surgery experience increased disability, resulting in substantial loss of employment and consequently lower quality of life. Despite findings that rehabilitation improves socio-economic outcomes in other chronic pain conditions, evidence for patients with chronic spinal pain after spinal surgery is limited. A systematic review was conducted to provide an overview of rehabilitation interventions and their effectiveness to improve work participation for patients with chronic spinal pain after spinal surgery.

Effect of physical exercise on metabolism in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, is closely linked to metabolic dysfunctions, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. These lead to pathological changes in myocardial metabolism and mitochondrial energy metabolism, thereby aggravating AF's incidence and severity. This review introduces the role of metabolic dysfunctions in exacerbating AF, assesses the therapeutic potential of physical exercise and investigates it as a non-pharmacological intervention to alleviate these metabolic disturbances.

The association between early maladaptive schemas and romantic relationship satisfaction.

Introduction: Relationship dynamics could be shaped by schemas, and relationship satisfaction could be depend on how couples perceive each other through these schemas. The main aim of this study was to assess how early maladaptive schemas are related to relationship satisfaction for both males and females in a relationship, by highlighting factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, with a particular focus on the interaction of schemas between males and females.

Methods: The study involved a total of healthy 47 different-gender couples.