AI Digital Pathology Using qFibrosis Shows Heterogeneity of Fibrosis Regression in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and C with Viral Response.

This study aimed to understand the dynamic changes in fibrosis and its relationship with the evaluation of post-treatment viral hepatitis using qFibrosis. A total of 158 paired pre- and post-treatment liver samples from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB; = 100) and C (CHC; = 58) were examined. qFibrosis was employed with artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the fibrosis dynamics in the portal tract (PT), periportal (PP), midzonal, pericentral, and central vein (CV) regions.

Temporal Relationship between HbA1c and Depressive Symptom Trajectories in a Longitudinal Cohort Study: The Mediating Role of Healthy Lifestyles.

This study analyzed China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data to explore the HbA1c-depression link, including depressive trajectories, while considering the mitigating impact of healthy lifestyles. Cross-lagged panel models and group-based trajectory modeling were performed to investigate the temporal relationship between HbA1c levels and depressive symptoms, as well as the depressive trajectories. Structural equation models were used to assess the mediating effects of healthy lifestyles.

Burden of non-communicable diseases in China and its provinces, 1990-2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the primary causes of disability and death. The aim of this study is to analyze the disease burden of NCDs in China from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: This study used data on NCDs in China and its provinces from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021.

[Clinical Characteristics Analysis of EBV-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Patients with Acute Kidney Injury].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH) with acute kidney injury(AKI).

Methods: EBV-HLH patients who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2020 were collected, and their clinical characteristics, treatment, concurrent acute kidney injury and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: In this study, the incidence of AKI complicated by EBV-HLH was 65.

Atmospheric pressure plasma preconditioning reduces oxygen and glucose deprivation induced human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells apoptosis by activating protective autophagy and ROS/AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) exert a "double edged" effect on the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. We previously indicate that atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) shows a neuroprotective effect in vitro based on the ROS/RNS generations. However, the mechanism is still unknown.

Identifying the importance of PCK1 in maintaining ileal epithelial barrier integrity in Crohn's disease.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is marked by disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier, with unclear underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate key genes regulating the intestinal barrier in CD patients.

Methods: Differential gene expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis were conducted to identify potential key genes involved in CD within the GEO database.

High-purity butoxydibutylborane catalysts enable the low-exothermic polymerization of PMMA bone cement with enhanced biocompatibility and osseointegration.

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based biomaterials have been widely utilized in clinics. However, currently, PMMA catalyzed by benzoyl peroxide (BPO) exhibits disquieting disadvantages including an exothermic polymerization reaction and a lack of bioactivity. Here, we first designed three industrial-scale synthesis methods for high-purity butoxydibutylborane (BODBB), achieving purity levels greater than 95% (maximum: 97.

New Generation of Orthodontic Elastomeric Ligature to Prevent Enamel Demineralization In Vivo.

This study aimed to synthesize a novel elastomeric ligature with dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) grafted, providing a new strategy for improving the issue of enamel demineralization during fixed orthodontics. DMAHDM was incorporated into elastomeric ligatures at different mass fractions using ultraviolet photochemical grafting. The antibacterial properties were evaluated and the optimal DMAHDM amount was determined based on cytotoxicity assays.

Glioma Type Prediction with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging-A Standardized Multicenter Study.

The aim was to explore the performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating the molecular subtypes of adult-type gliomas. A multicenter MRI study with standardized imaging protocols, including DCE-MRI and DKI data of 81 patients with WHO grade 2-4 gliomas, was performed at six centers. The DCE-MRI and DKI parameter values were quantitatively evaluated in ROIs in tumor tissue and contralateral normal-appearing white matter.

[The impact of increased cardiac output induced by dobutamine on cerebral blood flow based on MRI 3D-pcASL technology].

To investigate the effect of increased cardiac output induced by dobutamine on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in healthy volunteers using magnetic resonance 3D-pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling technology. A prospective study was conducted on 48 healthy volunteers recruited by handy sampling from June 2021 to January 2022. Physiological parameters before (at rest state) and after (under stress state) dobutamine-induced increase in cardiac output were analyzed.

A Feasibility Study of AI-Assisted Compressed Sensing in Prostate T2-Weighted Imaging.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the image quality and PI-RADS scoring performance of prostate T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) based on AI-assisted compressed sensing (ACS).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, adult male urological outpatients or inpatients underwent prostate MRI, including T2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient maps. Three accelerated scanning protocols using parallel imaging (PI) and ACS: T2WI, T2WI and T2WI were evaluated through comparative analysis.

International standard of Traditional Chinese Medicine Techniques: Traditional Chinese Medicine guidelines for acute primary headache (2022).

Objective: To summarize the evidence from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practice in the treatment of acute primary headache and provide clinical practice guidance.

Methods: The guidelines were developed in accordance with the World Health Organization guideline development manual. After the establishment of steering committee, panel and the registration and protocol formulation, the evidence on TCM for acute primary headache from published guidelines, clinical evidence, and expert experience and consensus were collected.

Novel antibacterial orthodontic elastomeric ligature with oral biofilm-regulatory ability to prevent enamel demineralization.

Objectives: To synthesize a novel antibacterial orthodontic elastomeric ligature incorporating dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) for the first time to prevent enamel demineralization during orthodontic therapy.

Methods: Various mass fractions of DMAHDM (ranging from 0 % to 20 %) were grafted onto commercial elastomeric ligatures using an ultraviolet photochemical grafting method and were characterized. The optimal DMAHDM concentration was determined based on biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and the antibacterial efficacy was evaluated in a whole-plaque biofilm model.

Suppression of RCAN1 alleviated lipid accumulation and mitochondrial fission in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Although metabolic disturbance is a characteristic of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM), the detailed pathogenesis of DbCM remains unknown.

Methods: We used a heart transplantation (HTx) cohort to explore the effect of diabetes mellitus on heart failure (HF) progression dependent of myocardium. Microscopic and ultramicroscopic pathology were used to depict the pathological features of human myocardium of DbCM.

[Effects of PM and O sub-chronic combined exposure on ATP amount and ATPase activities in rat nasal mucosa].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of fine particle matter (PM) and ozone (O) combined exposure on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) amount and ATPase activities in nasal mucosa of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

Methods: Twenty male SD rats were divided into control group (=10) and exposure group (=10) by random number table method. The rats were fed in the conventional clean environment and the air pollutant exposure system established by our team, respectively, and exposed for 208 d.

Engineered exosomes as a prospective therapy for diabetic foot ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), characterized by high recurrence rate, amputations and mortality, poses a significant challenge in diabetes management. The complex pathology involves dysregulated glucose homeostasis leading to systemic and local microenvironmental complications, including peripheral neuropathy, micro- and macro-angiopathy, recurrent infection, persistent inflammation and dysregulated re-epithelialization. Novel approaches to accelerate DFU healing are actively pursued, with a focus on utilizing exosomes.

Bulimia nervosa selectively reshapes the structure and intrinsic function of anterior insula subregions associated with cognition-emotion integration.

Background: Existing evidence suggests that anterior insula plays a crucial role in cognitive control and emotional regulation and is implicated in the onset and maintenance of bulimia nervosa (BN). However, it remains unclear how structural and functional abnormalities in specific subregions of anterior insula contribute to BN.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI data from 54 BN patients and 56 healthy controls (HCs).

Association between spectrum of mycotoxins and semen quality: A cross-sectional study in Beijing, China.

Exposure to mycotoxins is unavoidable in daily life through ingestion, dermal, and inhalation routes. Toxicological studies found that exposure to mycotoxins might affect male reproductive function. However, there is still a lack of population evidence.

AKR1C3 promotes progression and mediates therapeutic resistance by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in small cell lung cancer.

Objective: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine tumor characterized by initial sensitivity to chemotherapy, followed by the development of drug resistance. The underlying mechanisms of resistance in SCLC have not been fully elucidated. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), is known to be associated with chemoradiotherapy resistance in diverse tumors.

[Research progress in dual immune regulation of neutrophils in periodontal inflammation].

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the periodontal tissues triggered by bacterial biofilm, leading to manifestations such as gingival bleeding, tooth mobility, and eventual exfoliation. Neutrophils exhibit a dual role throughout the course of periodontitis, both in defense against pathogens and in potentially detrimental effects on periodontal tissues. This article elucidates the intricate mechanisms underlying the dual functions of neutrophils in periodontitis, including respiratory burst, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, degranulation, and phagocytosis.