Five-year change in intraocular pressure associated with changes in arterial blood pressure and body mass index. The beijing eye study.

Purpose: To examine a potential association between longitudinal changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), arterial blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in a population-based setting.

Methods: The longitudinal population-based Beijing Eye Study included 2355 subjects with an age of 45+ years who were examined in 2006 and in 2011. The participants underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination including tonometry and measurement of arterial blood pressure and BMI.

Multidrug-resistant bacteria induce recurrent keratoconjunctivitis in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency: case report and literature review.

Purpose: We present a case study regarding a patient with recurrent keratoconjunctivitis that presented as an initial manifestation of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).

Methods: We describe a case and review the recent relevant medical literature.

Results: A 33-year-old male had recurrent keratoconjunctivitis induced by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Use of the translabyrinthine approach to repair congenital spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage in five Chinese patients with Mondini dysplasia.

Objectives: To introduce a more effective surgical technique for the repair of spontaneous incurable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (CSF otorrhea).

Methods: The cases of five Chinese patients with Mondini dysplasia and CSF leakage were reviewed. All patients presented with rhinorrhea or otorrhea from childhood and recurrent meningitis attacks.

Histological changes of high axial myopia.

To describe pathological changes in the anatomy of highly myopic (axially elongated) eyes, enucleated globes were examined by light microscopy and ocular structures were measured histomorphometrically. These studies revealed that highly axially myopic eyes show continuous thinning of the sclera starting at or behind the equator with a maximal thinning at the posterior pole; a profound thinning of the choroid decreasing from ∼ 250 to <10 μm in extreme axial myopia, secondary macular defects in the Bruch's membrane associated with a complete loss of retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris, and retinal photoreceptors; a Bruch's membrane of normal thickness in contrast to the profound thinning of the choroid and the sclera; an up to 10-fold elongation and thinning of the peripapillary scleral flange as anterior roof of the orbital cerebrospinal fluid space, and subsequently a retrobulbar extension of the cerebrospinal fluid space; an increased distance of the peripapillary arterial circle of Zinn-Haller to the optic disc border; an elongation and thinning of the lamina cribrosa with a subsequently decreased distance between the intraocular pressure compartment and the retrobulbar orbital cerebrospinal fluid pressure compartment; an increasing exposure of the peripheral posterior lamina cribrosa surface to the cerebrospinal fluid space, no longer buffered by the solid optic nerve tissue; and the development and enlargement of parapapillary gamma zone, in contrast to a myopia-independent parapapillary beta zone. These anatomical changes may be associated with high axial myopia-related complications such as an increased susceptibility of glaucomatous optic neuropathy and myopic retinopathy.

The temporal bone microdissection of miniature pigs as a useful large animal model for otologic research.

Conclusion: Compared with traditional animal models, the miniature pig may be a better model for biomedical research because its morphology has many similarities with that of humans.

Objective: To investigate the suitability of the miniature pig as an animal model for otological research as regards morphology.

Methods: Microdissection of the temporal bone of 10 miniature pigs was performed and recorded on photographs.

Laparoscopically assisted biomaterial graft for reconstruction in congenital atresia of vagina and cervix.

Objective: To report successful treatment by laparoscopically assisted biomaterial graft for reconstruction in patients with congenital atresia of the uterine cervix and vagina.

Design: Technique and instrumentations.

Setting: University-based tertiary care hospital.

[Determination method for 17 pesticides in common in whole blood by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with solid-phase extraction sample cleanup].

Objective: To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 17 common pesticides in whole blood by solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS).

Methods: Whole blood samples were treated by extraction with acetonitrile, and the obtained extract was cleaned up using an Oasis HLB SPE cartridge; pesticides were separated by GC and quantitatively analyzed by MS with selected ion monitoring.

Results: The concentrations of 17 pesticides in whole blood were 1.

Influence of islet function on typing and prognosis of new-onset diabetes after intensive insulin therapy.

Background: It is difficult in clinical practice to differentiate patients with newly diagnosed diabetes and ketosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive insulin therapy on islet function in patients with new-onset diabetes and concomitant ketosis, and to determine the value of alternation in islet function in the typing of diabetes.

Material/methods: A total of 206 inpatients with new-onset diabetes and ketosis were recruited after intensive insulin therapy and followed for 36 months.

[Noninvasive imaging of vulnerable plaques and thromboses with PET/CT complex imaging technique].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of identifying the vulnerable plaque and predicting plague rupture and thrombus using by positron emission tomography/computed tomography angiography (PET/CTA).

Methods: Twenty-eight male New Zealand white rabbits were fed with hyper-lipid diet for 2 weeks before the balloon injury of the abdominal aorta.Then these rabbit were intermittently fed with hyper-lipid diet for 14 weeks, in order to trigger pharmaceutic the plague rupture and thrombus.

Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measured by Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography: The Beijing Eye Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) and its associated factors in a population-based setting.

Methods: The population-based Beijing Eye Study 2011 included 3468 individuals. The study participants underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis(®) ; Spectralis OCT)-assisted measurement of the RNFLT.

Polymorphisms of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene affect antihypertensive response to angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertensive Chinese.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a key role in regulating blood pressure by maintaining vascular tone and the water/sodium balance. Many antihypertensive drugs target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, but the effect differs considerably among hypertensive patients. We investigated whether genetic variants of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor are associated with blood pressure response to angiotensin II receptor blockers in hypertensive Chinese patients.

Localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects detected by optical coherence tomography: the Beijing eye study.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects (LRNFLD) and associated factors in adult Chinese.

Methods: The population-based Beijing Eye Study 2011 included 3468 individuals (mean age: 64.6±9.

[Upper airway changes in obstructive sleep apnea suffers after H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty combined with transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty].

Objective: To compare the different postoperative changes of the pharynx in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients treated with H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (H-UPPP) combined with transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty (PA) surgery or H-UPPP alone.

Methods: The upper airway in 43 patients with OSAHS were scanned during the end of normal respiration before and after treatment. There were 17 patients undergoing H-UPPP alone, 26 patients undergoing H-UPPP combined with PA, with PSG before and after treatment.

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. The Beijing Eye Study 2011.

Purpose: To measure retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in a population-based setting.

Methods: In the population-based Beijing Eye Study 2011 with 3468 individuals, RNFL thickness was measured in a subgroup of 1654 (47.7%) study participants by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (iVue SD-OCT).

Pseudoexfoliation: normative data and associations: the Beijing eye study 2011.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) and its associations in a population-based setting.

Design: Population-based, cross-sectional cohort study.

Participants: Of 4403 eligible subjects with an age of ≥ 50 years, 3468 individuals (78.

Localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects and arterial hypertension.

Background: We examined the relationship between arterial hypertension, localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects (RNFLDs), and retinal vascular abnormalities.

Methods: The study included 359 patients with arterial hypertension and 331 individuals without hypertension as control subjects. Localized RNFLDs and retinal vascular abnormalities were assessed on fundus photographs.

Subtemporal transtentorial petrosalapex approach for giant petroclival meningiomas: analyzation and evaluation of the clinical application.

With the advent of microsurgery and surgical techniques, along with the improvement in neuroimaging techniques and the microanatomy in cadaver study, improvement in terms of surgical morbidity and mortality has been remarkable; however, controversy still exists regarding the optimal surgical strategies for giant petroclival meningiomas (GPMs). We report a study of clinical and radiological features as well as the surgical findings and outcomes for patients with GPM treated at our institution over the past 6 years. During a 6-year period (April 2004 to March 2010), 16 patients with GPM underwent surgery by subtemporal transtentorial petrosal apex approach during which electrophysiological monitoring of cranial nerves and brainstem function were reviewed.

Optic nerve head morphology in young patients after antiglaucomatous filtering surgery.

Purpose: To compare the optic nerve head appearance in glaucomatous eyes before and after marked reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP).

Methods: The hospital-based observational case-series study included selected glaucoma patients for whom optic disc photographs taken before and 1 week to 5 months after surgical reduction of IOP were morphometrically examined.

Results: The study included 23 eyes of 16 patients (mean age: 28.

The 10-year incidence and risk factors of retinal vein occlusion: the Beijing eye study.

Objective: To assess the 10-year incidence of retinal vein occlusions (RVOs) and associated factors in adult Chinese subjects.

Design: Population-based, longitudinal study.

Participants: The Beijing Eye Study, which included 4439 subjects (age: 40+ years) in 2001, was repeated in 2011 with 2695 subjects participating (66.

[Canal-wall-down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty surgery preserving chorda tympani nerve integrality].

Objective: To report the way for searching the chorda tympani nerve and the significance for preserving the chorda tympani nerve during canal-wall-down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty surgery.

Method: Sixty-six cases with chronic suppurative otitis media underwent canal-wall-down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty surgery. According to the marker of the short crus of incus, the posterior wall of auditory canal was lowered and crista of the chorda tympani nerve was found through tracing the facial nerve contour.

Visual fatigue and discomfort after stereoscopic display viewing.

Purpose: Different types of stereoscopic video displays have recently been introduced. We measured and compared visual fatigue and visual discomfort induced by viewing two different stereoscopic displays that either used the pattern retarder-spatial domain technology with linearly polarized three-dimensional technology or the circularly polarized three-dimensional technology using shutter glasses.

Methods: During this observational cross-over study performed at two subsequent days, a video was watched by 30 subjects (age: 20-30 years).

Keratitis-associated fungi form biofilms with reduced antifungal drug susceptibility.

Purpose: To investigate the biofilm-forming capacity of Fusarium solani, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, and Acremonium implicatum, and the activities of antifungal agents against the three keratitis-associated fungi.

Methods: The architecture of biofilms was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Susceptibility against six antifungal drugs was measured using the CLSI M38-A method and XTT reduction assay.

[Combined surgical intervention treatments for lung cancer and coronary heart disease patients].

Background And Objective: The number of patients with both lung cancer and coronary heart disease has increased for the last ten years. The aim of this study is to analyze the outcome of the combined treatment of radical surgery and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) for patients with both lung cancer and coronary heart disease.

Methods: The clinical data of 18 patients (16 males and 2 females, mean age of 66.

Total Arterial Off-pump Coronary Revascularization with a Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery Y Graft (208 cases).

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the early outcome of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) with a bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) Y configuration graft to achieve total arterial myocardial revascularization.

Materials And Methods: From October 2002 to December 2008, 208 patients (196 male and 12 female patients) underwent OPCABG by only using a BIMA Y configuration graft. The average age of the patients was 56.

Comparison of survival of patients receiving laparoscopic and open radical resection for stage II colon cancer.

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the survival of patients receiving laparoscopic vs. open radical resection for stage II colon cancer.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and twenty patients with stage II colon cancer were enrolled from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2000 to December 2009, including 61 patients in the laparoscopic radical resection group and 159 patients in the open radical resection group.