Establishment of a Gentamicin Cochlear Poisoning Model in Guinea Pigs and Cochlear Nerve Endings Recognition of Ultrasound Signals.

BACKGROUND Aminoglycosides, a type of gram-negative antibacterial, are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are highly potent and have satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of life-threatening infections. Our study aimed to establish a gentamicin-induced cochlear injury model and to investigate the cochlear nerve endings' recognition of ultrasound signals. MATERIAL AND METHODS A guinea pig cochlear injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of gentamycin.

A novel multidimensional signature predicts prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

The abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) or protein-coding genes (PCGs) have been found to be associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Using bioinformatics analysis methods including Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis, the random survival forest algorithm, Kaplan-Meier, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, we mined the gene expression profiles of 469 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 379) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE14520; n = 90) public database. We selected a signature comprising one protein-coding gene (PCG; DNA polymerase μ) and three miRNAs (hsa-miR-149-5p, hsa-miR-424-5p, hsa-miR-579-5p) with highest accurate prediction (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.

Self-healing and injectable hybrid hydrogel for bone regeneration of femoral head necrosis and defect.

Background: HA modified by bisphosphonate (BP) (HA-BP) was synthesized by chemical reaction and possessed promising properties such as self-healing, injection ability, and strong adhesion. The main aim of this study was to confirm its role in promoting osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo.

Methods: The cell biocompatibility of this material was determined using the CCK-8 assay.

[The role of MAPK signaling pathway in the repair of mucosal epithelium in chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps and without nasal polyps].

To evaluate the differences between CRS and normal subjects and between chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polys(CRSsNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polys(CRSwNP) in the regulation of EGF pathways and the regulating proliferative position of MAPK pathways. We evaluated the proliferation rates of ethmoidal mucosal cells before and after stimulation with EGF,epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) kinase inhibitor AG1478, and extracellular signalregulated kinase1/2(ERK1/2) inhibitorPD98059 using MTT assays.We also analyzed the sinonasal epithelial cells collected from control subjects and patients with CRS subtypes CRSsNP and CRSwNP for the expression of ERK1/2,phosphorylated ERK1/2 using western blot analyses.

Anticancer Therapy-Induced Atrial Fibrillation: Electrophysiology and Related Mechanisms.

Some well-established immunotherapy, radiotherapy, postoperation, anticancer drugs such as anthracyclines, antimetabolites, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 blockers, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, alkylating agents, checkpoint inhibitors, and angiogenesis inhibitors, are significantly linked to cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity is a common complication of several cancer treatments. Some studies observed complications of cardiac arrhythmia associated with the treatment of cancer, including atrial fibrillation (AF), supraventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac repolarization abnormalities.

Loss of hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) promotes lung cancer progression.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide with dramatically increasing incidence in recent years. However, the mechanism underlying its progression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the role of hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) in lung cancer development.

Gender Differences in Prognosis and Risk Stratification of Brugada Syndrome: A Pooled Analysis of 4,140 Patients From 24 Clinical Trials.

Male gender has been consistently shown to be a risk factor for a greater number of arrhythmic events in patients with Brugada Syndrome (BrS). However, there have been no large-scale comprehensive pooled analyses to statistically and systematically verify this association. Therefore, we conducted a pooled analysis on gender differences in prognosis and risk stratification of BrS with a largest sample capacity at present.

Mechanisms and Treatments of Oxidative Stress in Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent cardiac arrhythmia. It is a common major cause of serious diseases and is an increasing health-care burden. AF is associated with an excess amount of reactive oxygen species.

Mitochondria and the Pathophysiological Mechanism of Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common and significant cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, however the pathophysiological mechanism of AF has not been fully explained. At present, there are no available treatment options that can target the underlying pathophysiological processes of AF. Research on improving management strategies for AF can start with a further understanding of the changes of cells in AF.

Obesity, metabolic abnormalities, and mortality in older men.

Background: Older adults are prone to obesity and metabolic abnormalities and recommended to pursue a normal weight especially when obesity and metabolic abnormalities are co-existed. However, few studies have reported the possible differences in the effect of obesity on outcomes between older adults with metabolic abnormalities and those without metabolic abnormalities.

Methods: A total of 3485 older men were included from 2000 to 2014.

Factors influencing the long-term results of autologous microvascular submandibular gland transplantation for severe dry eye disease.

We assessed long-term outcomes of autologous microvascular submandibular gland (SMG) transplantation for severe dry eye disease and investigated factors influencing long-term results. From August 1999 to January 2015, 185 patients (200 eyes) with severe dry eye received SMG transplantation. Subjective assessments and ophthalmologic evaluations were performed before and after transplantation.

Botulinum toxin A treatment of epiphora secondary to autologous submandibular gland transplantation.

The aim of this study was to explore whether botulinum toxin A (BTXA) injection treats epiphora secondary to submandibular gland (SMG) transplantation for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Fifteen patients with epiphora after SMG transplantation were separated to three groups, and received 15U, 20U and 25U BTXA injection in the transplanted SMG, respectively. Secretion of transplanted SMG was assessed subjectively by visual analogue scale (VAS) regarding epiphora, and objectively by Schirmer test.

[Comparison of safety between continued warfarin therapy and bridging anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing coronary intervention].

To compare the safety of continued warfarin therapy and bridging anticoagulation therapy during hospital stay in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We retrospectively analyzed patients on warfarin therapy referred for PCI in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2008 to December 2016. The patients were divided into continued warfarin therapy (195) or bridging anticoagulation therapy (311) groups.

[Application of Combined Special Staining in the Observation of Vascular Pathology].

Objective To evaluate the value of combined special staining technique in observing pathological changes in blood vessels. Methods Totally 999 vascular specimen were harvested from patients with complete medical records,clear diagnosis,and age≥18 years in the Pathology Department of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2014 to September 2017.All specimen were stained with HE,Verhoef-Van Gieson,AB/PAS,and Masson.

The role of intravitreal ranubizumab in the treatment of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy of stage 2 or greater.

Aim: To evaluate the role of intravitreal ranubizumab (IVR) in the treatment of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) of stage 2 or greater either as primary or an ajunct to conventional treatments.

Methods: Retrospective, non-controlled clinical study. Thirty patients (37 eyes) diagnosed with FEVR were enrolled.

Expert consensus workshop report: Guidelines for thermal ablation of primary and metastatic lung tumors (2018 edition).

Although surgical resection with curative intent is the main therapy for both primary and metastatic lung tumors, about 80% of lung cancers cannot be removed by surgery. Because most patients with unresectable lung cancer only receive limited benefits from traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, many novel local treatment modalities have emerged including local ablation therapy. The Minimally Invasive Treatment of Lung Cancer Branch, Professional Committee of Minimally Invasive Treatment of Cancer of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Committee on Tumor Ablations, Chinese College of Interventionalists have organized multidisciplinary experts to develop guidelines for this treatment modality.

Crucial genes of inflammatory bowel diseases explored by gene expression profiling analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to uncover new potential genes associated with the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).

Materials And Methods: The datasets GSE36807 and GSE9686 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Totally, 24 Crohn's disease (CD) samples, 20 ulcerative colitis (UC) samples and 15 healthy controls in the two datasets were used for our analysis.

Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia Protects the Brain from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Upregulation of iASPP.

Mild therapeutic hypothermia, a robust neuroprotectant, reduces neuronal apoptosis, but the precise mechanism is not well understood. Our previous study showed that a novel inhibitor of an apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) might be involved in neuronal death after stroke. The aim of this study was to confirm the role of iASPP after stroke treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia.

A Review on the Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Anthracycline-Induced Cardiac Toxicity.

Anthracyclines are effective agents generally used to treat solid-tumor and hematologic malignancies. The use of anthracyclines for over 40 years has improved cancer survival statistics. Nevertheless, the clinical utility of anthracyclines is limited by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that adversely affects 10-30% of patients.

[Relationship between bile acid metabolism and chronic non - cholestatic liver disease].

Bile acid is a general term for a large class of cholic acid in bile and exerts its unique physiological functions by binding the relevant receptors and bile acid transporters. Bile acids not only promote the absorption of nutrients in the human body, but also as an important signaling molecule in the regulation of inflammatory processes and liver regeneration. Several studies have found that bile acid metabolism is involved in the occurrence and development of chronic non-cholestatic liver diseases.

Effects of intravenous anesthetics on the phosphorylation of cAMP response element‑binding protein in hippocampal slices of adult mice.

cAMP response‑element binding protein (CREB) functions in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, it remains unknown whether intravenous anesthetics modulate CREB. The present study aimed to examine the effects of intravenous anesthetics on CREB phosphorylation in the mouse hippocampus.

Breviscapine ameliorates CCl4‑induced liver injury in mice through inhibiting inflammatory apoptotic response and ROS generation.

Acute liver injury is characterized by fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis, leading to liver failure, cirrhosis or cancer and affecting the clinical outcome in the long term. However, no effective therapeutic strategy is currently available. Breviscapine, a mixture of flavonoid glycosides, has been reported to have multiple biological functions.

Auricular acupressure is an alternative in treating constipation in leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Auricular acupressure (AA) therapy has been widely used in Eastern Asia and Europe to prevent constipation in leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy. The aim of this systematic review was to review data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of auricular acupressure therapy for preventing constipation in leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: Databases that were searched from their inception until August 2017 included: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, as well as four Chinese databases [Chinese BioMedical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-Fang Data, and the Chinese WeiPu Database].

Germline Duplication of SNORA18L5 Increases Risk for HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Altering Localization of Ribosomal Proteins and Decreasing Levels of p53.

Background & Aims: Single nucleotide polymorphisms could affect risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a germline copy number variation (CNV)-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) in populations of Chinese ancestry to search for germline CNVs that increase risk of HCC.

Methods: We conducted a CNV-based GWAS of 1583 HCC cases (persons with chronic HBV infection and HCC) and 1540 controls (persons with chronic HBV infection without HCC) in Chinese populations.