Analysis of Lymphovascular Infiltration and Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Cervical Cancer Immunoescape.

Background: Exact detection of lymphovascular infiltration (LVI) status can guide accurate surgical operation scope in cervical cancer, but LVI reduces the overall survival (OS) of patients and is not easily detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in this process is not well defined.

Methods: Early-stage cervical cancer patients received carbon nanoparticles for sentinel lymph-node mapping, laparotomy pelvic lymph-node dissection, and radical hysterectomy.

Association of Triglyceride-Glucose Index, Triglyceride to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio, and Related Parameters With Prehypertension and Hypertension.

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and related parameters (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC) with prehypertension and hypertension over 45 years old. According to the blood pressure diagnosis, the enrolled individuals were divided into two groups, which were prehypertension and hypertension. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounders, the highest quartile groups of TG/HDL-c, TyG, and related parameters showed a significantly increased risk of hypertension compared to the lowest quartile groups, and there was associated with hypertension when comparing the highest TG/HDL-c to the lowest TG/HDL-c and corresponding ORs were 1.

Regulation of hippocampal miRNA expression by intestinal flora in anxiety-like mice.

This study investigated the possible interaction between gut flora and miRNAs and the effect of both on anxiety disorders. The model group was induced with chronic restraint stress (CRS) and each group was tested for anxiety-like behaviour by open field test and elevated plus maze test. Meanwhile, the gut flora was analysed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.

Age- and sex-related differences in risk factors for perioperative intra-aortic balloon pump application in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a mechanical circulatory device frequently used in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). As a treatment for perioperative haemodynamic instability, IABP insertion often implicates an adverse outcome. This study aimed to investigate the age- and sex-related disparity in risk factors for perioperative IABP insertion in CABG patients.

Value proposition of retinal imaging in Alzheimer's disease screening: A review of eight evolving trends.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Current diagnostic modalities of AD generally focus on detecting the presence of amyloid β and tau protein in the brain (for example, positron emission tomography [PET] and cerebrospinal fluid testing), but these are limited by their high cost, invasiveness, and lack of expertise. Retinal imaging exhibits potential in AD screening and risk stratification, as the retina provides a platform for the optical visualization of the central nervous system in vivo, with vascular and neuronal changes that mirror brain pathology.

Esophageal ulcer and multisystem inflammatory syndrome after COVID-19: A case report.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is a rare but severe disease occurring several weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. It develops in adults with inflammation of different organs including the gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidneys, skin and hematopoietic system.

Case Summary: We present a 58-year-old Chinese man diagnosed with MIS-A.

HARMONIZE Asia: A Phase III Randomized Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate in Patients with Hyperkalemia in China.

Purpose: Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) is an oral potassium (K)-lowering therapy for adults with hyperkalemia. HARMONIZE Asia (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03528681) evaluated the efficacy and safety of SZC in Chinese patients with hyperkalemia.

Isolated Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Veins: A 10-Year Experience at a Single Center.

Introduction: Isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is difficult to diagnose, and surgical indications remain controversial. We reviewed 10 y of isolated PAPVC cases.

Methods: The data of patients with isolated PAPVC admitted to the Anzhen Congenital Heart Disease Department from 2010 to 2019 were reviewed retrospectively.

[Interpretation on genetic tumour syndromes in the 5th WHO classification of paediatric tumours: part Ⅱ].

WHO firstly published the classification of paediatric tumours, in which genetic tumour syndromes were introduced as a separate chapter, covering the clinicopathological features, molecular genetic alterations, and diagnostic criteria of various tumor susceptibility syndromes common in children. This article briefly introduces and interprets 5 hotspot genetic tumour syndromes (neurofibromatosis type 1, naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis and xeroderma pigmentosum) based on relevant literature, in order to bring new perspectives and insights to pathologists and clinicians.

Harnessing the potential of large language models in medical education: promise and pitfalls.

Objectives: To provide balanced consideration of the opportunities and challenges associated with integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) throughout the medical school continuum.

Process: Narrative review of published literature contextualized by current reports of LLM application in medical education.

Conclusions: LLMs like OpenAI's ChatGPT can potentially revolutionize traditional teaching methodologies.

Salivary Gland Transplantation as a Promising Approach for Tear Film Restoration in Severe Dry Eye Disease.

With increased awareness of dry eye disease (DED), a multitude of therapeutic options have become available. Nevertheless, the treatment of severe DED remains difficult. In a patient whose DED is related to the loss of lacrimal function without severe destruction of the salivary glands, autologous transplantation of the latter as functioning exocrine tissue to rebuild a stable tear film is an attractive idea.

Review of emerging trends and projection of future developments in large language models research in ophthalmology.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) are fast emerging as potent tools in healthcare, including ophthalmology. This systematic review offers a twofold contribution: it summarises current trends in ophthalmology-related LLM research and projects future directions for this burgeoning field.

Methods: We systematically searched across various databases (PubMed, Europe PMC, Scopus and Web of Science) for articles related to LLM use in ophthalmology, published between 1 January 2022 and 31 July 2023.

Panax Quinquefolium Saponins enhances angiogenesis in rats with diabetes and myocardial infarction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xi Yang Shen (Panax quinquefolium L.) was originally recorded in "Ben Cao Cong Xin" edited by Wu Yiluo during the Qing Dynasty. Panax Quinquefolium Saponins (PQS) is the main component derived from Panax quinquefolium L, and has been wildly used in the treatment of coronary heart disease.

Feasibility of a smartphone app for prescribed exercise tutoring in patients with stable coronary heart disease.

Background: Digital health technologies have potential to address the challenges associated with traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, it is not complete enough for prescribed exercise guidance and remote monitoring.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a smartphone app for prescribed exercise tutoring by exercise videos combined with wearable devices to monitor heart rate in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD).

Deep learning network with differentiable dynamic programming for retina OCT surface segmentation.

Multiple-surface segmentation in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is a challenging problem, further complicated by the frequent presence of weak image boundaries. Recently, many deep learning-based methods have been developed for this task and yield remarkable performance. Unfortunately, due to the scarcity of training data in medical imaging, it is challenging for deep learning networks to learn the global structure of the target surfaces, including surface smoothness.

Association between sarcopenia and frailty in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Frailty and sarcopenia are prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) populations and could increase the risk for adverse health outcomes. Few studies assess the correlation between frailty, sarcopenia and CKD in non-dialysis patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine frailty-associated factors in elderly CKD stage I-IV patients, expected to early identify and intervene in the frailty of elderly CKD patients.

Network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the pharmacological mechanism of Yifei Tongluo granules in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A review.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease that leads to progressive dyspnea and dry cough, with extracellular matrix deposition as the main pathological feature. Yifei Tongluo granules (YTG) are a traditional Chinese medicine formula that could nourish Qi-Yin, clear phlegm, and invigorate blood circulation. In this research, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to elucidate the potential mechanism of YTG for treating IPF.

Macular outer nuclear layer, ellipsoid zone and outer photoreceptor segment band thickness, axial length and other determinants.

The study aims to assess the thickness of the retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL), ellipsoid zone (EZ) and photoreceptor outer segment (POS) band in various macular regions and its associations with axial length and other parameters. Participants of the Beijing Eye Study 2011 underwent a series of examinations including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula. The current study included 2213 participants without retinal or optic nerve diseases (age: 61.

Variation in Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Associated With Optic Nerve Head Size in Healthy Eyes.

Purpose: To investigate whether the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) change with optic nerve head (ONH) size in healthy eyes.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study recruited participants aged ≥50 years. Participants underwent optical coherence tomography-assisted measurements of the peripapillary RNFL and macular GCC and were divided into small, medium, and large ONH groups according to optic disc area (≤1.