Guest modulating the photoactivity of a titanium-oxide cage.

Two host-guest Ti-oxide clusters, Ti(NH) and TiCs, were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. They possess a rarely seen biloculate structure that encapsulates two NH and Cs guests, respectively. Interestingly, alkali metal cations can exchange places with NH .

Three new species of the genus (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) from North China based on morphological and phylogenetic analysis.

possesses important ecological and economic value and has attracted extensive attention from mycologists. Macrofungal diversity is high in China, but species have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, based on morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of three loci (nrITS, nrLSU, and ), three new species of from North China were identified.

Reversible switching from fluorescence to room temperature phosphorescence amplified by exciton-vibration coupling through pressure-induced tiny packing changes.

Investigating the impact of exciton-vibration coupling (EC) of molecular aggregates on regulating the excited-state dynamics and controlling room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emissions is crucial and challenging. We designed and synthesized ArBFO molecules and cultured two crystals with similar molecular packing and completely different luminescent mechanisms from B-form fluorescence to G-form RTP. The mechanism study combining measurement of photophysical properties, time-resolved fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and theoretical calculations shows that tiny changes in molecular stacking amplify the EC value from B-form to G-form H-aggregates.

Three new species of dragon pseudoscorpions (Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from China.

Three new pseudoscorpions in the family Pseudotyrannochthoniidae are described from China: from Chongqing (Wushan County), from Beijing (Fangshan District), and from Hebei (Pingshan County). Detailed diagnoses and illustrations of all new species are provided.

O-glycosylation in viruses: A sweet tango.

O-glycosylation is an ancient yet underappreciated protein posttranslational modification, on which many bacteria and viruses heavily rely to perform critical biological functions involved in numerous infectious diseases or even cancer. But due to the innate complexity of O-glycosylation, research techniques have been limited to study its exact role in viral attachment and entry, assembly and exit, spreading in the host cells, and the innate and adaptive immunity of the host. Recently, the advent of many newly developed methodologies (e.

Primitive new termites (Blattodea, Termitoidae) in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar.

Mastotermitidae, the first-diverging extant family of termites, has only one relic extant species; however, this family had greater richness during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Fossil termites from the Cretaceous provide information on the early evolution of termites and the transition between extinct families. Herein, two new Mastotermitidae species found in upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Kachin amber are reported.

AgPO enables the generation of long-lived radical cations for visible light-driven [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] pericyclic reactions.

Photocatalytic redox reactions are important for synthesizing fine chemicals from olefins, but the limited lifetime of radical cation intermediates severely restricts semiconductor photocatalysis efficiency. Here, we report that AgPO can efficiently catalyze intramolecular and intermolecular [2 + 2] and Diels-Alder cycloadditions under visible-light irradiation. The approach is additive-free, catalyst-recyclable.

Revision of the macropterous subgenus from east China, with the description of a new species (Carabidae, Zabrini, Amara).

Species from east China belonging to the subgenus Curtonotus were studied, resulting in the description of a new species, Amara (Curtonotus) beijingensis The type locality is Xiaolongmen Forest Park in Beijing. All the known macropterous species from eastern China are reviewed and for each species taxonomical notes, illustrations, and new provincial records are noted. An improved key for their identification is provided as well.

Bio-inspired optical structures for enhancing luminescence.

Luminescence is an essential signal for many plants, insects, and marine organisms to attract the opposite sex, avoid predators, and so on. Most luminescent living organisms have ingenious optical structures which can help them get high luminescent performances. These remarkable and efficient structures have been formed by natural selection from long-time evolution.

Insect herbivore and fungal communities on (Araucariaceae) from the latest Cretaceous to Recent.

(Araucariaceae) is a genus of broadleaved conifers that today inhabits lowland to upper montane rainforests of Australasia and Southeast Asia. A previous report showed that the earliest known fossils of the genus, from the early Paleogene and possibly latest Cretaceous of Patagonian Argentina, host diverse assemblages of insect and fungal associations, including distinctive leaf mines. Here, we provide complete documentation of the fossilized herbivore communities from Cretaceous to Recent, describing and comparing insect and fungal damage on across four latest Cretaceous to early Paleogene time slices in Patagonia with that on 15 extant species.

The genus (Carabidae, Pterostichini) in China, with three new country records.

Background: is a genus of Carabidae containing 18 species and one subspecies, distributed mainly in the Oriental Region. However, only one species and one subspecies were recorded from China before the present study.

New Information: Four species and one subspecies of are reported from China with three of them newly recorded: (Tschitschérine) from Yunnan; Dubault, Lassalle & Roux from Guangxi; and Kirschenhofer from Yunnan.

Two new species of (Insecta, Mecoptera, Nannochoristidae) from the late Middle Jurassic of China.

Two new species of Sukatsheva, 1985, and , are described and illustrated from the latest Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. Based on fossil specimens with wings, these new species are established and assigned to by a combination of three forewing characters: Sc with three branches ending at C, the four-branched Rs (R to R) originating distad of M (vs. three-branched RS (R undivided) in all other fossil and extant nannochoristids), and M forking with four branches; and a hind wing character of Sc simple and short, terminating at C well before the pterostigma.

 (Rubiaceae), a new species from Guangdong, China.

, a new Rubiaceae species from E'huangzhang Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, China, is here described and illustrated. A morphological comparison between the new species and its putative relatives, , and , is presented. The new species is mostly similar to , but they can be distinguished from each other since presents solitary flower (vs.

Tunable resonance of a graphene-perovskite terahertz metasurface.

The combination of graphene and perovskite has received extensive research attention because its photoelectric properties are excellent for the dynamic manipulation of light-matter interactions. Combining graphene and perovskite with a metasurface is expected to effectively improve the metasurface device's performance. Here, we report a terahertz graphene-perovskite metasurface with a tunable resonance.

Robust singlet fission process in strong absorption π-expanded diketopyrrolopyrroles.

Singlet fission (SF) has drawn tremendous attention as a multiexciton generation process that could mitigate the thermal loss and boost the efficiency of solar energy conversion. Although a SF-based solar cell with an EQE above 100% has already been fabricated successfully, the practical efficiency of the corresponding devices is plagued by the limited scope of SF materials. Therefore, it is of great importance to design and develop new SF-capable compounds aiming at practical device application.

The performance of an atomically dispersed oxygen reduction catalyst prepared by γ-CD-MOF integration with FePc.

Here, a series of Fe/N/C catalysts with different proportions and pyrolysis temperatures are prepared by co-pyrolysis of melamine with a γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (γ-CD-MOF) containing iron(ii) phthalocyanine (FePc). Due to the restriction effect of the host and guest at the molecular level, γ-CD-MOF can effectively avoid the π-π stacking of FePc and restrain the agglomeration of Fe atoms during pyrolysis. The phases and structures of the catalysts are characterized, which proves that the obtained catalyst has a three-dimensional porous and internal cavity structure with abundant surface area (1055.

Graphene-based terahertz bias-driven negative-conductivity metasurface.

A graphene-based terahertz negative-conductivity metasurface based on two types of unit cell structures is investigated under the control of an external bias voltage. Electrical characterization is conducted and verification is performed using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and an optical-pump terahertz (THz)-probe system in terms of simulation and transient response analysis. Owing to the metal-like properties of graphene, a strong interaction between the metasurface and monolayer graphene yields a short-circuit effect, which considerably weakens the intensity of the resonance mode under passive conditions.

High-Performance Organic Laser Semiconductor Enabling Efficient Light-Emitting Transistors and Low-Threshold Microcavity Lasers.

An organic light-emitting transistor (OLET) is a candidate device architecture for developing electrically pumped organic solid-state lasers, but it remains a critical challenge because of the lack of organic semiconductors that simultaneously possess a high solid-state emission efficiency (Φ), a high and balanced ambipolar mobility (μ), and a large stimulated emission cross-section. Here, we designed a molecule of 4,4'-bis(2-dibenzothiophenyl-vinyl)-biphenyl (DBTVB) and prepared its ultrathin single-crystal microplates with herringbone packing arrangements, which achieve balanced mobilities of μ = 3.55 ± 0.

Three new species of (Agaricomycetes, Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae) from the Yanshan Mountains in China.

Three new species, , and , were found and described from Yanshan Mountains in China. The identification is based on morphological observation combined with phylogenetic analysis of ITS-LSU--. This study enriched the species diversity of in Yanshan Mountains and provided important data support for the systematic study of in the future.

Two new species from North China revealed by phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters.

Two new species of are proposed based on morphological and phylogenetic investigations. is closely related to but distinguished from the latter by its slightly smaller basidiospores and hyphae of pileipellis with pale brown to brown intracellular or parietal pigment. is closely related to and in macromorphology but is differentiated from by its slightly smaller basidiospores and the difference in genetic profile, and from by its relatively colorful pileus (white to yellowish white, grayish white to grayish brown, pink white).

Estimations of Critical Clear Corneal Incisions Required for Lens Insertion in Cataract Surgery: A Mathematical Aspect.

In a routine cataract operation cornea tissue may be damaged when an intra-ocular lens (IOL) injector of diameter between 1.467 and 2.011 mm is inserted through an empirically designed 2.

Role of rare-earth elements in enhancing bioelectrocatalysis for biosensing with NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase.

Dehydrogenases (DHs) are widely explored bioelectrocatalysts in the development of enzymatic bioelectronics like biosensors and biofuel cells. However, the relatively low intrinsic reaction rates of DHs which mostly depend on diffusional coenzymes (, NAD) have limited their bioelectrocatalytic performance in applications such as biosensors with a high sensitivity. In this study, we find that rare-earth elements (REEs) can enhance the activity of NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) toward highly sensitive electrochemical biosensing of glutamate .

New archidermapteran earwigs (Dermaptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China.

Two new species of Archidermaptera are described and figured from the Middle Jurassic Jiulonghsan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. is described in the family Protodiplatyidae and is established in the family Dermapteridae. Both new species share the typical characters of the extinct suborder Archidermaptera (e.

A new cockroach (Blattodea, Corydiidae) with pectinate antennae from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber.

A new species of fossil cockroach, , is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The new species is assigned to the family Corydiidae based on the following combination of characters: pronotum with tubercles, tegmina obovate with smallish anal region and spinules on the antero-ventral margin of the front femur (type C1). The new species is the second reported cockroach with ramified antennae.

New mimarachnids (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Fulgoroidea) in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber.

A new genus and species, , and a new species, , of Mimarachnidae are described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. These new taxa display unique wing color patterns and extend the Mesozoic diversity of Mimarachnidae. The evolution of wing venation, phylogenetic placement of Mimarachnidae, and anti-predation defenses of this family in Burmese amber forest are briefly discussed.