Clinical efficacy analysis of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for nodular goiters.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy and influence on thyroid function of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (UGMWA) in patients with nodular goiter.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 162 patients with nodular goiter admitted to Beijing United Family Hospital and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to December 2022. According to the surgical treatment plan, they were divided into the control group (conventional surgical methods, n=78) and the experimental group (UGMWA, n=84).

Predictive machine learning models based on VASARI features for WHO grading, isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, and 1p19q co-deletion status: a multicenter study.

The objective of our study was to develop predictive models using Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images (VASARI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features combined with machine learning techniques to predict the World Health Organization (WHO) grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status, and 1p19q co-deletion status of high-grade gliomas. To achieve this, we retrospectively included 485 patients with high-grade glioma from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, of which 312 patients were randomly divided into a training set (n=218) and a test set (n=94) in a 7:3 ratio. Twenty-five VASARI MRI features were selected from an initial set of 30, and three machine learning models - Multilayer Perceptron (MP), Bernoulli Naive Bayes (BNB), and Logistic Regression (LR) - were trained using the training set.

The prognostic value of cancer stage-associated genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly prevalent subtype of malignant renal tumor, but unfortunately, the survival rate remains unsatisfactory. The aim of the present study is to explore genomic features that are correlated with cancer stage, allowing for the identification of subgroups of ccRCC patients with high risk of unfavorable outcomes and enabling prompt intervention and treatment.

Methods: We compared the gene expression levels across ccRCC patients with diverse cancer stages from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, which revealed characteristic genes associated with tumor stage.

Function of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Periodontal Tissue Homeostasis: A Narrative Review.

Periodontitis is an irreversible inflammatory response that occurs in periodontal tissues. Given the size and diversity of natural flora in the oral mucosa, host immunity must strike a balance between pathogen identification and a complicated system of tolerance. The innate immune system, which includes innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), certainly plays a crucial role in regulating this homeostasis because pathogens are quickly recognized and responded to.

A review of studies on omitting surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

The advancement in systemic neoadjuvant therapy has significantly increased the pathological complete response (pCR) rate in breast cancer. As surgeries inevitably affect patients physically and psychologically and the accuracy of pCR prediction and diagnosis by minimal invasive biopsy is improving, the necessity of surgery in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) patients who achieve pCR is under debate. Thus, we conducted a literature review of studies on the selective omission of breast surgery after NAC for breast cancer patients.

A stomata-inspired superhydrophobic portable filter system.

Stomata, specialized functional openings distributed on the leaf surface, are used for plant respiration by allowing gas exchange, , taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, and for water content regulation. Their function is vital to plant survival. Leaves with different wettability exhibit different stomata densities.

17-estradiol nanoparticles influence inflammatory response of myocardial infarction possibly through downregulation of miR-302b.

Cardiovascular death is increasing year by year, and effective treatment is a challenging clinical problem at present. The application of nano materials has pointed to a new therapeutic direction for the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and preparation of nanoparticles (NPs) with PBCA as carrier material has become a trending spot in clinical research. In this study, we observed the influence of 17-estradiol nanoparticles (17-E2-NPs) on the inflammatory response of myocardial infarction (MI) and its regulatory effect on miR-302b.

Design and optimisation of a small-molecule TLR2/4 antagonist for anti-tumour therapy.

In anti-tumour therapy, the toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) signalling pathway has been a double-edged sword. TLR2/4 agonists are commonly considered adjuvants for immune stimulation, whereas TLR2/4 antagonists demonstrate more feasibility for anti-tumour therapy under specific chronic inflammatory situations. In individuals with cancer retaliatory proliferation and metastasis after surgery, blocking the TLR2/4 signalling pathway may produce favourable prognosis for patients.

Comprehensive analysis of multi-omics data of recurrent gliomas identifies a recurrence-related signature as a novel prognostic marker.

Tumor recurrence is a common clinical dilemma in diffuse gliomas. We aimed to identify a recurrence-related signature to predict the prognosis for glioma patients. In the public Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas dataset, we enrolled multi-omics data including genome, epigenome and transcriptome across primary and recurrent gliomas.

Astaxanthin provides neuroprotection in an experimental model of traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Background: Astaxanthin (ATX) is a carotenoid pigment with effective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and immunomodulatory actions. ATX has been proposed to exert neuroprotective effects and attenuate oxidative stress in mice after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling pathway is stimulated after TBI and activates a compensatory mechanism against TBI.

CircularRNA circPARP4 promotes glioblastoma progression through sponging miR-125a-5p and regulating FUT4.

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a widely expressed non-coding RNA element characterized by a covalently closed continuous loop. Emerging evidence suggests important roles of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of human cancers. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in glioma remain largely unclear.

A brain glioma gene delivery strategy by angiopep-2 and TAT-modified magnetic lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles.

Owing to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), most treatments cannot achieve significant effects on gliomas. In this study, synergistic multitarget Ang-TAT-FeO-pDNA-(ss)373 lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNPs) were designed to penetrate the BBB and deliver therapeutic genes to glioma cells. The basic material of the nanoparticles was PCL-ss-PEG-ss-PCL, and is called (ss)373 herein.

[Study on establishing a methodology of comprehensive clinical evaluation for Chinese patent medicine based on health technology assessment].

At present, most of Chinese patent medicines have problems, such as weak scientific basis, unclear clinical value evaluation, etc., which lead to the lack of sufficient evidence for the entry into the essential medicine list, medical insurance catalog and other important health resource allocation tools. This has a negative impact on the development of traditional Chinese medicine.