A comparison of different doses of fentanyl for patients undergoing elective colonoscopy: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Aim To investigate analgesic and side effects of different doses of fentanyl in combination with propofol for colonoscopy. Methods This prospective randomized double-blind study conducted between 2019 and 2020 included 64 patients. Patients were randomized: Group 1 (fentanyl 0.

Hemorrhage after adenotonsillectomy in children: tertiary center experiences.

Background: Adenotonsillectomy is the most commonly performed surgery in the pediatric population. Hemorrhage after adenotonsillectomy, which can occur at any time postoperatively, is one of the most serious complications.

Objective: To determine the frequency of hemorrhage in children after adenotonsillectomy and to compare postoperative hemorrhage with regard to age and sex.

PATIENT CLINICAL CONDITION IN RELATION TO HYPOXEMIA AND CHEST X-RAY CHANGES IN NOVEL CoV-19 PNEUMONIA: A CASE REPORT.

Persistent changes on chest x-ray and hypoxemia in arterial blood gas analyses have been described in several cases in novel CoV-19 virus (nCoV-19) patients. These changes are usually not expressed to a large extent. Our goal was not only to present a patient with comorbidities in whom residual pulmonary infiltrates remained with consequent hypoxemia after extubation, but also to show that these changes do not always correlate with the clinical condition.

LDL-C: The Only Causal Risk Factor for ASCVD. Why Is It Still Overlooked and Underestimated?

Purpose Of Review: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the most important causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This article reviews why LDL-C remains overlooked and underestimated despite numerous studies that have proved its role.

Recent Findings: Recently published EAS/ESC Guidelines for dyslipidemia and EAS Guidelines for prevention set new targets for LDL-C levels in primary and secondary prevention of ASCVD.

Bystanders' cardiopulmonary resuscitation involvement in the treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest events and educational status regarding basic life support measures and automated external defibrillator usage among residents in Canton Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To investigate bystanders' CPR involvement in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) events, their current knowledge regarding OHCA and BLS measures, their willingness to learn BLS measures with the usage of AEDs, as well as current practices. Methods This cross-sectional study included: data regarding all OHCA events treated at the Emergency Medical Service of Canton Sarajevo between January 2015 and December 2019, and an online anonymous questionnaire that examined knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding basic life support (BLS) and automated external defibrillators (AEDs). Results A total of 328 (24.

Recanalization rate of proximal deep venous thrombosis related to therapeutic modality during six months follow-up.

Aim To evaluate the efficacy (rate of recanalization) of therapy with novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC; rivaroxaban, apixaban) compared to conventional treatment (low molecular weight heparin - LMWH and vitamin K antagonist) in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the proximal segments of lower extremities. Methods The first group consisted of patients diagnosed with DVT and treated with NOAC (n = 100), while the second group consisted of patients diagnosed with DVT, who were treated by conventional treatment (low molecular weight heparin and vitamin K antagonists) (n = 100). In the first group, NOAC was included in the initial treatment.

The Oncology Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina's recommendations for fertility preservation in oncologic patients.

Malignancy is one of the major public health problems in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Along with breakthroughs in specific oncological therapy, improving the quality of life of cancer patients and management of therapy-induced side effects need to be recognized as a priority in the comprehensive cancer patient care. Fertility loss after cancer treatment is a field requiring special attention due to its various consequences on patients themselves.

Adenoma Detection Rate in Colonoscopic Screening with Ketamine-based Sedation: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between one of the most commonly used anesthesia techniques, ketamine-based sedation, on the value of adenoma detection rate (ADR) during colonoscopy screening.

Methods: This prospective, observational study included 140 patients, who underwent a standard colonoscopy preparation before the procedure. Sedation regimens included ketamine at 0.

Clinical efficacy of diazepam after whiplash: a randomized controlled study.

Aim To investigate the role of short-term diazepam therapy for improving long-term outcomes and reducing neck pain after whiplash injury. Methods A total of 89 patients suffering from whiplash injury were included. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups: group A (study group), and group B (control group).

Relationship between depression and quality of life after myocardial infarction.

Aim To examine the prevalence of depression in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as the relationship between the depression and quality of life. Methods The survey was conducted via sociodemographic questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Short Form 36 Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). The result of SF-36 is expressed in subscales that make up the health status profile, i.

Delayed Management of an Orbital Floor Blow-out Fracture.

A bony fracture in the orbital floor, the most common site, can lead to tissue herniation, enophthalmos, hypoglobus, or strabismic diplopia. Several surgical approaches for repair have been described in the literature. This report is a description of an illustrative case and a brief summary of the literature related to the transconjunctival approach to orbital floor fracture repair as performed by ophthalmologists.

Detection and characterisation of extended-spectrum and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase produced by isolates found at poultry farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) hydrolyse extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and aztreonam. As ESBL-producing organisms have been identified in food producing animals, the aim of our study was to detect and analyse such isolates from poultry. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined with disk-diffusion and broth microdilution methods.

Antifragility of healthcare systems in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina: Learning from man-made and natural crises.

Acute crises, such as a war or a pandemic, are the ultimate tests for health care systems' resilience (temporary response to stress with change and adaptation) and antifragility (permanent benefit from change in response to stress). In this Health Policy paper, we analyse and discuss how the healthcare systems of two European countries - Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia - adapted to war as a man-made disaster, and how they adapted to COVID-19 pandemic twenty-five years later. These countries experienced full scale wars in recent history, which significantly changed their political and healthcare systems.

MRI Evaluation of Extramural Venous Invasion (EMVI) with Rectal Carcinoma Using High Resolution T2 and Combination of High Resolution T2 and Contrast Enhanced T1 Weighted Imaging.

Background: EMVI is a direct invasion of a vein by a tumor. As a predictor of hematogenous metastasis, it is a poor prognostic factor in rectal cancer and can be accurately identified on MRI prior to surgical procedure.

Objective: To evaluate the role of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (CET1WI) in addition to high-resolution T2-weighted imaging (HRT2WI) in assessing extramural venous invasion (EMVI) of rectal cancer.

Pregnancy outcomes of COVID-19 positive pregnant women at the Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To investigate clinical presentation of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy, its course during pregnancy, effects on pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and newborns as well as the potential for vertical transmission. Methods This retrospective observational study included all identifi ed COVID-19-positive pregnant women admitted to the Cantonal Hospital in Zenica at any stage of pregnancy or labour from 30 April 2020 to April 30 2021. Maternity and newborns were followed until discharge from the hospital.

Chest x-ray resolution after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Aim To analyse the resolution of chest X-ray findings in relation to laboratory parameters in patients infected with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a two- month followup. Analysis of chest X-ray findings in the first few months after the disease is the main goal of our work. Methods Out of the total of 343 patients chest X-ray findings were followed in 269 patients.

Fasting state requirements for blood sampling: a survey of patients in Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To explore patient's awareness and appliance of the fasting state requirements for blood sampling. Methods This observational survey was performed at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology Diagnostics, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, from June to July 2019. An anonymous questionnaire was conducted on 200 consecutive outpatients older than 18, who were admitted to the laboratory for routine blood testing.

Clinical characteristics, comorbidities and mortality in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients with Covid-19: a retrospective observational study.

Aim To analyse demographic data, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory data and comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), mechanically ventilated with fatal outcome. Methods Medical records of 92 patients were retrospectively analysed. Demographic data, clinical symptoms and comorbidities were collected on the day of hospital admission.

A Rare Case of Third Ventricular Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma, also known as glioblastoma multiforme, is an aggressive type of cancer that is made up of abnormal astrocytic cells, but also contain a mixture of different cell types (including blood vessels) and areas of necrosis. It is often seen in the brain and spinal cord, but glioblastomas are rarely found in the third ventricle. In this case, it was diagnosed in a 22-year-old male patient and we intended to draw attention to its atypical localization and surgical access to this third ventricle glioblastoma.

Retinal changes in febrile seizures in children: a retrospective analysis in Tuzla Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To evaluate the possibility of retinal haemorrhages or any other retinal pathology caused by febrile seizures alone in children aged between 2 months and 15 years. Methods Children aged between 2 months and 15 years admitted to the hospital following seizures were examined within 48 hours of admission. The seizures were classified by a paediatric neurologist and a detailed ocular examination, including indirect ophthalmoscopy, was performed by an ophthalmologist.

Predictive factors for noninvasive mechanical ventilation failure among COVID-19 critically ill patients - a retrospective cohort study.

Aim To identify predictive factors related with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure that are not based on the patient's respiratory status or acid base gas analyses in COVID-19 critically ill patients, and to create a predictive model of NIV failure. Methods A total of 73 COVID-19 critically ill patients who developed acute respiratory failure and underwent NIV were divided into two groups: Group 1, patients who required endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation after NIV and Group 2, patients with successful weaning from NIV. Demographic data, clinical symptoms and signs, clinical index and scores, duration indicators and laboratory data were analysed.

Resource use during systematic review production varies widely: a scoping review.

Objective: We aimed to map the resource use during systematic review (SR) production and reasons why steps of the SR production are resource intensive to discover where the largest gain in improving efficiency might be possible.

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a scoping review. An information specialist searched multiple databases (e.

An Overview of Human Resources and Capacity in Health Care Institutions in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Context of Responding to the COVID 19 Pandemic.

Background: The organization of health care system on Cantonal level with the coordination from Federal level represents a real situation with the possibility of decentralization of health care system according to the experiences of developed countries.

Objective: To make an overview of the situation at the primary and hospital health care level with the aim of assessing the existing human resources and capacity of health care institutions in FB&H, with which we entered in COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This retrospective study presents the efficiency of health care in FB&H measured by number of medical doctors, and other medical staff during the time period of five years.