Protocol for transducing human primary epithelial prostate cells and patient-derived organoids with high efficiency.

Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are now used to study many diseases, including prostate cancer. Here, we present a protocol for the transduction of human epithelial prostate cells and PDOs. We describe the steps for producing lentiviruses and transducing PDOs with high efficiency to obtain either overexpression or knockdown of specific genes.

The one with the rumour: COVID-19-related conversations on Pakistani Twitter.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a massive crisis exacerbated by the spread of misinformation on social media. Twitter is a highly popular microblogging platform in Pakistan, and the large population there lacks digital literacy, making them vulnerable to various forms of online and digital propaganda. This study aims to analyse the content of COVID-19-related tweets from Pakistan.

Circulating adrenal 11-oxygenated androgens are associated with clinical outcome in endometrial cancer.

Context: Recent evidence support that androgens play an important role in the etiology of endometrial cancer (EC). Adrenal-derived 11-oxygenated androgens are highly potent agonists of the androgen receptor (AR), comparable to testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) that have not been studied in the context of EC.

Methodology: We studied a cohort of 272 newly diagnosed postmenopausal EC cases undergoing surgical treatment.

Anti-TPO antibody and thyroid hormone levels in Iranian female breast cancer patients and their association with prognostic factors: a case-control study.

The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody and thyroid hormones in Iranian female breast cancer patients, compare them to a control population, and investigate their association with prognostic factors. In this case-control study, breast cancer patients were selected from a surgery clinic in a tertiary hospital and control group participants were enrolled from those who had visited for mammography screening. Participants with any history of thyroid disease, or thyroid related medication were excluded from both groups.

Association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD): a meta-analysis.

Objectives: We recently studied the association between various human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). According to our analysis, HLA-B*50 and HLA-DQA1*3 alleles were positively associated with ESRD, while B*40, DRB1*12, DRB1*13, and DQA1*6 alleles were negatively associated with ESRD. However, a single case-control study does not have enough statistical power to evaluate the possible impact of genetic polymorphism on any disease.

The Glycosyltransferase Pathway: An Integrated Analysis of the Cell Metabolome.

Nucleotide sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are critical to the homeostasis of endogenous metabolites and the detoxification of xenobiotics. Their impact on the cell metabolome remains unknown. Cellular metabolic changes resulting from human UGT expression were profiled by untargeted metabolomics.

Personalized Approaches for the Prevention and Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) remains a major public health issue worldwide [...

Too complex to fail? Targeting fatty acid metabolism for cancer therapy.

Given the central role of fatty acids in cancer pathophysiology, the exploitation of fatty acid metabolism as a potential antineoplastic therapy has gained much attention. Several natural and synthetic compounds targeting fatty acid metabolism were hitherto identified, and their effectiveness against cancer cell proliferation and survival was determined. This review will discuss the most clinically viable inhibitors or drugs targeting various proteins or enzymes mapped on nine interconnected fatty acid metabolism-related processes.

Impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on prostate function and cancer.

Because of their historical mode of action, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are associated with sex-steroid receptors, namely the two estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and the androgen receptor (AR). Broadly, EDCs can modulate sex-steroid receptor functions. They can also indirectly impact the androgen and estrogen pathways by influencing steroidogenesis, expression of AR or ERs, and their respective activity as transcription factors.

Relationship of Socio Economic Status, Income, and Education with the Survival Rate of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Despite our awareness of the significant effect of Social Determinant of Health (SDoH) such as Socio Economic Status (SES), income and education on breast cancer survival, there was a serious lack of information about the effect of different level of these factors on breast cancer survival. So far, no meta-analysis has been conducted with this aim, but this gap was addressed by this meta-analysis.

Methods: Main electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were investigated up to January 2019.

Association between gene polymorphisms and breast cancer: the role of estrogen.

: The fat mass and obesity-associated () gene may be associated with breast cancer risk. This study aimed to systematically investigate the association between gene polymorphisms and breast cancer and the possible role of estrogen in this association.: We performed an extensive search of electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Cochran for published original studies on the association of gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk.

Socioeconomic inequalities in metastasis, recurrence, stage and grade of breast cancer: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: This study aims to estimate the Socio-Economic Status (SES) inequality on the metastasis, recurrence, stage and grade in Breast Cancer (BC).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted on 411 BC patients in Arak, Iran. Asset-based questionnaire used to estimate the household SES.

The possible mechanisms of the effects of IRX3 gene on body weight: an overview.

Introduction: Recent studies reported that FTO exert its effects on body weight through change the expression IRX3. The aim of this study was investigation of the possible mechanisms of the effects of IRX3 gene on obesity.

Material And Methods: The present review was carried out using keywords such as polymorphism and/or obesity and/or BMI and/or IRX3 gene and/or Iroquois homeobox protein 3.

Associations of demographic, socioeconomic, self-rated health, and metastasis in colorectal cancer in Iran.

Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is important because of the costs imposed on the individual. Self-Rated Health (SRH) can be useful for preventing cancer. Considering the role of Socio-Economic Status (SES) in CRC, our study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between demographic, SES, SRH, and metastasis of this type of cancer in Markazi province, Iran.

Socio-Economic Status Inequity in Self Rated Health in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Aim: We investigate the evaluation of socio-economic status (SES) inequality on self-rated health (SRH) at women with breast cancer.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: The current study conducted on all 270 breast cancer patients that were admitted to one of the hospitals of Arak University Medical Sciences (Arak, Iran from April to July 2018) by census (using non-random sampling (accessible sampling).

Cytokines promote lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through induction of NADPH oxidase 3 expression and superoxide production.

NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes are one of the major superoxide-generating systems in cells. NOX-generated superoxide has been suggested to promote insulin resistance in the liver. However, the role of NOX enzymes in mediating metabolic dysfunction in other insulin target tissues remains unclear.

Effects of gene polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes on the association between red and processed meat consumption and the development of colon cancer; a literature review.

The role of environmental factors and genetic susceptibility in the development of colon cancer (CC) has been already proven, but the role of gene polymorphisms in modifying the risk of environmental factors such as nutritional factors is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of polymorphisms of involved genes in the association between red meat consumption and the development of CC. The present review was carried out using keywords such as polymorphism and/or protein and/or red meat and/or processed meat and/or colon cancer.

FTO Gene Affects Obesity and Breast Cancer Through Similar Mechanisms: A New Insight into the Molecular Therapeutic Targets.

Objectives: This review focused on the possible mediatory role of the FTO in the association between obesity and breast cancer.

Method: All articles published in English from June 1990 to January 2017 were studied. The search terms used were FTO gene, FTO polymorphism, breast cancer, and obesity.

Evaluating the Correlation Between the Survival Rate of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Expression of p53 and Cyclin D1 Biomarkers Along with Other Prognostic Factors.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the survival rate of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and expression of two biomarkers along with age, gender, tumor margin, depth of invasion, site of tumor, tumor diameter, tumor grade, number of involved nodes, and vascular invasion.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective survey, medical records of patients referred to the Shohada-e Tajrish hospital during 2001 to 2005 were reviewed and subjects with definite diagnosis of SCC were included. Required data were extracted from the patients' records, and their prepared paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were collected under supervision of two pathologists.

The effects of spiritual intervention and changes in dopamine receptor gene expression in breast cancer patients.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females in Iran and in most of the developed countries. Studies have shown that having chronic stress in individuals predisposes several types of cancer including breast cancer. Research results showed that spiritual factors correlate with indices of physical consequences such as heart disease, cancer, and death, so do psychiatric conditions and changes in receptor gene expression in depression, anxiety, and social dysfunction.

The Islamic Perspective of Spiritual Intervention Effectiveness on Bio-Psychological Health Displayed by Gene Expression in Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: During the last two decades, there have been spiritual/religious interventions in cancer patients to prevent or treat a range of physical problems, including managing chronic pain, coping with the disease, boosting hope and mental health. Although societies are of different faiths and belief systems, what they all share is spirituality.

Objectives: Upon this we put forward the hypothesis of changes in gene receptor expressions as a result of spiritual intervention for the first time in the world.